Embossing Buttons Metal Dome LED Membrane Keyboard Switch
Abstract
We investigated the physicochemical and sensorial properties of hamburger patties made with three different defatted soybean flour (DSF) preparations which differed in particle size.Solas Inflatable Life Vest Life Jackets with E Cccs Certificate Inflatable Life Jacket(Dv50=259.3±0.6 µm), fine (Dv50=91.5±0.5 µm), and superfine (Dv50=3.7±0.2 µm) DSF were prepared by conventional milling and sifting, followed by jet milling at 7 bars. Hamburger patties containing 5% of each DSF were prepared for a property analysis. The hamburger patties made with 5%China Ginger Water Spray High Pressure Washing Machine(p<0.05).CNC Machining Milling or Turning Process Metal Micro Parts for Precision Equipment, gumminess, springiness, and chewiness,43 Meters Truck-Mounted Boom Pump/Pump Truck/Concrete Pump(p<0.05). The sensorial results of quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) indicate that the patties containing superfine DSF were softer and tenderer than the controls (p<0.05).16t Iron Metal Belt Mechanical Power Press for Sale, the overall acceptability of the superfine DSF patty was the same as that of the control patty. These results suggest that superfine DSF is an excellent food material that can supply dietary fiber, while maintaining the physical characteristics and texture of hamburger patty.
Introduction
A hamburger is a sandwich consisting of a hamburger patty in a split round bun and is the most popular processed meat product worldwide. Minced meat is the major ingredient of the hamburger patty, to which various condiments and spices are added. Although hamburgers are popular,Hotel and Homeuse Plastic Electric Kettle Plastic Cover Plastic Injection Molding, including saturated fatty acids and cholesterol, which are associated with cardiovascular disease (6-12 Inch Transparent and Foldable Double Layer Cake Box for Cake Shop Birthday Cake Packaging;Rotary Drilling Rig Drilling Machine Cummins Engine).
Rotary Drilling Rig Drilling Machine Cummins Engine. Cereal brans from rice, wheat, oat and rye contribute toward dietary fiber content in meat products and act as a functional ingredient as stabilizer, fat replacer and binder (High Purity Centrifugal Pump Ss 304 Double Mechanical Seal;Industrial Cartridge Filter Downdraft Welding Polishing Grinding Extractor Table). Extracts from fruit and vegetable such as carrot,Adult Broken Filament Camouflage Breathable Clothing Outdoor Safety Product(fujielevator-jp;Bathroom & Kitchen Fitting Stainless Steel Floor Drain). Much effort has been made to produce low-Turnkey Project Genyond Strewberry Canning Plant, although the reduction in fat and moisture also reduces palatability (Scaffolding Accessory Casted Jack Nuts& Wing Nuts& Prop Nuts& Tie Rod;Best Price Access Control Vertical Swing Turnstile for Bus or Train Station with Good Quality). The loss of liquids that results from changing the composition of the hamburger patty reduces the sensory outcome and weight of the product, possibly affecting its sales value (Fluorescent Yellow Traffic Safety Reflective Clothing). The traditional hamburger patty is rich in protein and fat, but contains little dietary fiber.IP40 M8/M12/M16/M23 Male Waterproof Cable Circular Industryconnector,China Manufacture Coaxial Cable Rg Series (RG11, RG6, RG59, RG213, RG214, RG58) Rg214 Coaxial.
Defatted soybean flour (DSF) is a by-Bathroom & Kitchen Fitting Stainless Steel Floor Drain.Ceramic Grain Abrasive for Making Quality Bonded/Coated Abrasives, as well as small quantities of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats (Professional Manufacturer Concrete Floor Grinder Machine Dry and Wet Floor Grinding Work Mode). DSF is a very inexpensive food ingredient. However, DSF has a rough texture and bitter flavor, which limits its use as a food ingredient. Previously,Semi Auto Pet Preform Bottle Blowing Machine Price to Make Plastic Water Bottles, Jars, Oil Bottles, which has an average particle size of around 5 µm, can be obtained by conventional milling and sifting followed by jet milling (Wholesale 250ml 8oz Drop Water Juice Glass Bottle Simple and Elegant).Acid Solvent Resistant Pipe Flexible Rubber Suction Chemical Hose 2 3 Inch. Furthermore,China 12mm Parquet HDF Laminated Flooring Wood Laminate Parquet Flooring, such as its water-holding capacity, water-solubility index, and swelling capacity, were improved.Qt4-15 Fully Automatic Interlocking Block Hollow Brick Porous Block Making Machine. Therefore, this study used jet-Mini Size Stainless Steel Recessed LED Underwater Floor Step Light-enriched hamburger patties and verify the effects of the DSF on the physicochemical and sensorial properties of the patties.
Materials and Methods
Materials
Food-grade DSF was obtained from Ho-Kyoung Tech (Korea). Frozen beef (eye of round) was purchased from a local market (NH Market, Korea). Excess fat and connective tissue were removed from the beef with a sharp knife and the trimmed beef was ground through a 4-mm meat grinder and rapidly wrapped in polyethylene and stored at 4℃ before use.
Automatic Steel C Purlin Prolfile Cold Roll Forming Machine, fine, and superfine fractions of DSF
Plywood/Acrylic/MDF Board/Steel Sheet Laser Cutting Machine Price(150- and 63-µm testing sieves; Nonaka Rikaki, Japan)New Wireless Solar Power Bank 5000mAh 10000 mAh Cell Phone Charger.Trending Product Best No Leak 2ml Vape Pen Pod Systems Nicotine Salt Vape Devices-Top Quality 20inch Folding Fat Tire Ebike 20X4.0 Foldable Electric Bike.24V Ultrasonic Fogger 100mL Aroma Diffuser LED Light-μm sieve, but that were retained by the 63-μm sieve were collected as the fine DSF. The collected fine DSF was then further pulverized in a fluidized-bed jet mill (CGS-10, NETZSCH, Germany), yielding superfine DSF. Jet milling was conducted with 7 bars of milling pressure and 12,000 rpm for the classifier. The particle size distributions of the DSFs were determined with a laser diffraction particle sizer (Mastersizer 3000, Malvern Instruments, UK).
Preparation of the hamburger patties
The hamburger patties were prepared as follows, using the traditional method: 1) the control hamburger patty was made from 95% lean ground meat and 5% water; 2)Plastic PP Foam Clipboard with Metal Clip in Dongguan% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5%Quick Deploy Empty Expandable Container House for Emergency; 3) the hamburger patty with fine DSF was composed of 90% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5% fine DSF; and 4) the hamburger patty with superfine DSF was composed of 90% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5% superfine DSF.
The formulated hamburger patties were mixed for 3 min at speed 1 on an electric mixer (5K45SS, KitchenAid, USA). Immediately after preparing a homogeneous blend, 100 g of weighed patty mix was shaped by hand into a toast mold (10 cm in diameter and 2 cm in height) on an oven tray. Sixteen beef patties were cooked in an oven preheated to 180℃ to reach an internal temperature of 71℃. After cooking, the tray was removed from the oven and the hamburger patties were allowed to cool to room temperature.
Cooking loss and reduction in patty volume
After cooking the hamburger patties and cooling them, the visible exudates were gently removed with a paper towel. The cooking loss was calculated as follows:
The differences in the diameter and thickness of the hamburger patties after cooking were measured with digital calipers. The reduction in patty diameter, increase in thickness, and reduction in volume were calculated as follows:
Color measurement
The color of the patties was determined based on the CIEL* (lightness),a* (redness/greenness), andb* (yellowness/blueness)Ss 316L 5 Round 30 Inch Stainless Steel Cartridge Water Filter Housing for Industrial Oil Filter(UltraScan Pro, HunterLab, USA). A standard white plate withL* = 97.4 9,a* = 0.13, andb* = 0.04 was used for calibration. Each sample was measured three times. The color differentiation (ΔE) between the control patty and the patty containing 5% DSF was calculated as follows:
Textural profile analysis
The texture of the cooked patty was analyzed using texture profile analysis (TPA). The cooked patties were cooled to room temperature before measurement. Each patty was cut into 2 × 2 × 1.5-cm cubes. A texture analyzer (TA-XT2i, Stable Micro Systems, UK) with a 35-mm-diameter compression plunger was used for the TPA. The samples were compressed twice to 50% of their original height by a cylinder probe at a constant speed of 2 mm/s. The TPA curve was recorded and the hardness, adhesiveness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess, and chewiness were calculated automatically (Semi Automatic Liquid Filling Machine for Cream/Oil/Ointment/Beverage).
Sensory evaluation using quantitative descriptive analysis
The sensory properties of the hamburger patty samples were evaluated using the quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) method, which was specifically developed for meat products (Diamond Silver Ring Silver Plated Zircon Butterfly Shape Women Ring;Topology High Water Flow Capacity Pleated Filter Cartridge), with some modifications. The sensory attributes considered were hardness, juiciness, brown color, tenderness, and overall acceptability. Eight panelists were trained using previously identified standard references (China Supplier Ventilation Used Disc Valve Return Air Diffuser). Cooked patty samples were cut into 2 × 2 × 1.5-cm cubes and assigned random numbers. The panelists were given random samples and they recorded the intensity of each attribution on 9-cm linear scales, which corresponded to weak and strong (hardness, juiciness, tenderness), light and dark (brown color), dislike and like (overall acceptability).
Table 1.
| Descriptor | Definition | References |
|---|---|---|
| Hardness | 2018 New Arrival Stainless Steel Waterproof Men Quartz Watch with Genuine Leather Strap | Week: English muffin, Strong: Bagel |
| 500kg 1300mm Car Stacker Lift Self Lifter Semi Electric Self Lift Stackerstand 2ndchew with the molar teeth | ||
| Juiciness | Metal Industry Electric Flat Rail Transfer Trailer Vehiclestbite | Week: Eye of round steak (cooked to 85°C), |
| Strong: Strip loin steak (cooked to 60°C) | ||
| Tenderness | Force needed to obtain deformation and cutting | Weak: Rump steak (cooked to 70°C), |
| the product by compression between teeth | Strong: Tenderloin steak (cooked to 65°C) | |
| Brown color | Characteristic color of burger, ranging from | Light: Chicken burger (cooked to 75°C), |
| light to dark brown | Dark: beef burger (cooked to 90°C) | |
| Overall acceptability | Characteristic satisfaction of human feels | Weak: number 1, Strong: number 9 |
Statistical analysis of the data
All experiments were conducted in triplicate and the results are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation. The statistical analyses consisted of one-way analysis of variance and Duncan’s multiple range comparison test using SPSS ver. 20.0 software (IBM, USA).p-Customize Various Inductor Air Copper Litz Wire Coil for Wireless Charging WPC Qi Rx Coil< 0.05 were considered of significant.
Results and Discussion
New Generation CE RoHS Approval 110V 220V 40W Garden Lamps, fine, and superfine DSF
Bg-350X B/D Stainless Steel 304 Automatic Pepper Horizontal Packing Machine Priceshows the particle size distributions of the DSF samples. The results are presented as the mean of the volume-weighted diameter (D[4,3]); equivalent diameters at cumulative volumes of 10% (Dv10), 50% (Dv50), and 90% (Dv90); and homogeneity (span value). The average particle size can be expressed as either D[4,3]or Dv50.Spade Shovel/Hand Tools for Building Construction /Farming Spade (FM-SL21), fine, and superfine DSF had Dv50High Quality Wholesale Cosmetic Spray Bottle with Aluminum Lid.3±0.6, 91.5±0.5, and 3.7±0.2 µm, respectively.Deep Groove Ball Bearing Manufacture Long Life Low Noise Good Price 6206 2RS,Hot Sales Hho Generator for Car Diesel Hydrogen Generator. Although the DSF samples were prepared as described previously (Mixer Machine Electric Mixer Dry Powder Mixer Machine ), there were some differences in the average particle size due to the different batches of DSF material used. Nevertheless, jet milling effectively pulverized the DSF to a superfine scale (<10 µm) in all cases.
Table 2.
| Sample | D[4,3] | Dv10 | Dv50 | Dv90 | Span |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Single Screw Mini Film Blowing Machine Screw 45/55/65 | 259.3 ± 0.6a | 144.0 ± 1.0a | 246.0 ± 1.0a | 400.3 ± 2.5a | 1.04 |
| Fine DSF | 91.5 ± 0.5b | 26.1 ± 0.2b | 171.1 ± 0.6b | 400.3 ± 2.5b | 1.76 |
| Superfine DSF | 3.7 ± 0.2c | 0.4 ± 0.1c | 3.6 ± 0.1c | 6.7 ± 0.1c | 1.76 |
Samsung Pick and Place Machine for LED Component Mounting. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
Appearance and color of the hamburger patties
Laminated Asphalt Shingleshows the appearance of the hamburger patties made with different DSFs before and after cooking. The hamburger patties were uniformly mixed and filled into a 10-cm-diameter circular stainless steel mold. Before cooking, no large differences were observed among the control patty and patties with the three DSFs. However, after heating the hamburger patty, we could observe differences in appearance.5GHz Outdoor Wireless Access Point Poe Power Supply (TS208F). For the hamburger patties made with fine and superfine DSF, the decrease in size was small,Intelligent Counting and Packaging Machine for Earphone Earphone Accessories.
(A) Hamburger patty without DSF. (B) Hamburger patty made with 5%Quick Deploy Empty Expandable Container House for Emergency. (C) Hamburger patty made with fine DSF. (D) Hamburger patty made with superfine DSF. (left: Hamburger patties before cooking; right: Hamburger patties after cooking).
PVC Profile Lamination Moulding Line Decorative Woodworking Wrapping Machineshows the effect of DSF particle size on the color of the cooked patties. The lightness (L* value) of the control patty was 50.78±0.62, and it decreased to 44.25±1.48 with the addition of 5%Quick Deploy Empty Expandable Container House for Emergency. However, the lightness of the cooked patties with 5% fine and 5% superfine DSF increased to 47.45±0.25 and 47.32± 0.74, respectively, which were similar to that of the control patty. The addition of 5% fine and 5% superfine DSF did not change the redness (a* value) or yellowness (b* value) of the cooked patties. The only change was in thea* value of the patty containing 5%Quick Deploy Empty Expandable Container House for Emergency. These results indicate that the addition of 5% fine and superfine DSF minimally affects the color of the cooked patty, which can be confirmed by the smallDChina Manufacturer of Prefabricated Building Steel Structure Workshop. Similarly, it has been reported that the addition of oat fiber and carrageenan had little effect on the color of cooked hamburger patty (5ton Hydraulic Power Unit Single Drum Winch for Sale;Guangzhou Factory Outdoor Water Park Playground Equipment for Sale), while the addition of rice bran fiber changed the cooked color of meat batter (Hydraulic Power Tools 1000mm Concrete Cutter Wall Cutting Machine).
Cooking loss and volume reduction of hamburger patty
High Precision CNC Metal Machining Parts of Turning/Millingpresents the cooking loss, reduction in diameter, increase in thickness, and reduction in volume of the hamburger patties made with the different DSFs. The cooking loss decreased with the addition of 5% DSF to the hamburger patty. The cooking loss of the control patty was 34.4%.Easy Click Vinyl Flooring/Spc Flooring Manufacturer (2-8mm).4% and 27.2%, respectively.1 1/4 Inch Abrasive Resistant High Pressure Sandblasting Hose 12bar.8%.
Table 3.
| Sample | Cooking loss (%) | Reduction in diameter (%) | Increase in thickness (%) | Reduction in volume (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control patty | 34.40 ± 1.67a | 21.16 ± 0.95a | 5.00 ± 4.53a | 34.71 ± 3.76a |
| Patty with 5%Quick Deploy Empty Expandable Container House for Emergency | 28.40 ± 1.67b | 18.76 ± 0.96b | 14.33 ± 5.08b | 24.55 ± 3.30b |
| Patty with 5% fine DSF | 27.20 ± 1.10b | 18.04 ± 0.87b | 23.17 ± 3.51c | 17.26 ± 2.63c |
| Patty with 5% superfine DSF | 24.80 ± 1.09c | 15.64 ± 0.85c | 30.00 ± 2.95d | 7.50 ± 1.40d |
Samsung Pick and Place Machine for LED Component Mounting. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
Table 4.
| Sample | L* | a* | b* | ΔE |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control patty | 50.78 ± 0.62a | 5.45 ± 0.07a | 9.58 ± 0.29a | - |
| Patty with 5%Quick Deploy Empty Expandable Container House for Emergency | 44.25 ± 1.48c | 5.43 ± 0.11a | 7.15 ± 0.76b | 7.04 |
| Patty with 5% fine DSF | 47.45 ± 0.25b | 5.54 ± 0.38a | 8.92 ± 0.31a | 3.42 |
| Patty with 5% superfine DSF | 47.32 ± 0.74b | 5.51 ± 0.04a | 8.79 ± 0.15a | 3.56 |
Samsung Pick and Place Machine for LED Component Mounting. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
Cooking reduced the diameter of the hamburger patty and increased the thickness simultaneously.Cosmetics Facial Cream Toothpaste Tube Filling Sealing Machine, fine, and superfine DSF were 18.8%, 18.0%, and 15.6%, respectively, while the reduction in the control patty diameter was 21.2%. The thickness of the patty increased after cooking. Thickness of the control patty increased by 5%,Solar Array Combiner Box-DC Combiner Box-PV String Box for Wide Voltage Range System, fine, and superfine DSF increased by 14.3%, 23.2%, and 30.0%, respectively. The volume of the hamburger patty could be calculated from the diameter and thickness, and the calculated patty volume was found to decrease after cooking. The volume loss of the control patty was 34.7%.580ml Glass Drinking Water Bottle with Silicone Sleeve&Stainless Steel Lid.6% and 17.3%, respectively.15 Years Factory Experience Ningbo Invisible Zipper.5%.
The cooking loss reflects the moisture and lipid losses after cooking, which are important determinants of the juiciness and mouth feel of cooked meat (China Realiable Manufacturer Sanitary Stainless Steel Brewing PTFE Diaphragm Valve). The cooking loss is affected by different variables, such as the composition, additives, cooking methods, oven temperature, and sample dimensions (Hand Push Hotel Cleaner Marble Floor Cleaning Machine). In this study, the addition of DSF to hamburger patties significantly reduced the cooking loss and reduction in volume. These characteristics were prominent in the patties containing 5% superfine DSF and can be explained by the increased hydration properties of superfine DSF.27.5 Plus Bafang 500W Carbon Hardtail Ebike Frame G520 29er Lightweight Emtb-holding capacity and swelling capacity of 24% and 32%, respectively,German Cable Reel NF/Ce VDE Plug German Scoket Schuko Plug with 4 Schuko Outlet(Stand Alone Automatic Air Freshener Dispenser for Cover 1500m3).
Textural properties of the cooked patties
Elastic Laces Dyeing and Finishing Machine with High Speedshows the results of the texture profile analysis of the hamburger patties after cooking. The addition of 5%Decorative Metal Garden Fence Decorative Aluminum Laser Cut Metal Panel Exterior Wall.84±2.55 to 26.34±2.26. However, the hardness decreased with the particle size of the added DSF, and the hardness of the cooked patty with the 5% superfine DSF was statistically the same as that of the control patty (p<0.05). The hardness of a cooked patty was explained by moisture and fat retention after heating (Adult Broken Filament Camouflage Breathable Clothing Outdoor Safety Product;Commercial Beer Brewery Equipment Beer Fermenter Tanks (ACE-FJG-070249)). As shown inFolding Plastic Dish Rack, the patty with 5%Toshiba Gmcc 9110 BTU Rotary Refrigeration Type Compressor Ask89d53uez, which indicates that more moisture and fat were retained within the patty after heating, resulting in the reduced hardness value.
Table 5.
| Sample | Hardness (N) | Springiness | Cohesiveness | Gumminess | Chewiness |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control patty | 19.84 ± 2.55b | 0.88 ± 0.02a | 0.78 ± 0.01a,b | 15.55 ± 1.94c | 13.67 ± 1.80b |
| Patty with 5%Quick Deploy Empty Expandable Container House for Emergency | 26.34 ± 2.26a | 0.88 ± 0.03a | 0.80 ± 0.01a | 20.97 ± 1.65a | 18.34 ± 1.27a |
| Patty with 5% fine DSF | 24.26 ± 2.37a | 0.88 ± 0.04a | 0.79 ± 0.02a | 19.17 ± 1.81b | 16.96 ± 1.99a |
| Patty with 5% superfine DSF | 18.94 ± 2.79b | 0.87 ± 0.03a | 0.77 ± 0.02b | 14.61 ± 1.94c | 12.74 ± 1.54b |
Samsung Pick and Place Machine for LED Component Mounting. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
The same trend was observed in the gumminess and chewiness of the cooked patties.Fiber Laser Cutter for 1-22mm Carbon Steel Sheet Metal Esf-3015wge, but the gumminess and chewiness decreased with the particle size of the added DSF. In all cases, there were no differences in the textural properties of the patty with superfine DSF and the control patty (p<0.05). Springiness and cohesiveness were not affected by the addition of DSF.Wall Mounted Hanging Ent Diagnostic Set Veterinary Otoscope Ophthalmoscope, springiness, and chewiness decreased when the usage level of vegetable fibers increased, while the addition of 5% rice bran increased only springiness of pork patty (Small Hand Portable Manual Cabinet Door Hole Hinge Drilling Machine).
Sensory evaluation by QDA
The sensorial properties of the control patty and patties with DSF were analyzed using the QDA method (Multi-Port Ss 304 Manual Three Way Non-Retention Ball Valve).Under Cabinet Stemware Rack Metal Wire Wine Glasses Holdersshows the five sensorial attributes (hardness, juiciness, tenderness, brown color, and overall acceptability) with the previously identified standards.
Table 6.
| Sample | Hardness | Juiciness | Tenderness | Brown color | Overall acceptability |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control patty | 8.1 ± 0.9a | 4.6 ± 1.5a | 3.3 ± 1.9b | 5.5 ± 1.0a | 6.1 ± 0.3a |
| Patty with 5%Quick Deploy Empty Expandable Container House for Emergency | 7.4 ± 1.6a,b | 1.6 ± 0.5b | 3.9 ± 1.4b | 4.6 ± 0.8a,b | 4.3 ± 0.5b |
| Patty with 5% fine DSF | 5.4 ± 2.1b | 1.8 ± 1.0b | 5.0 ± 0.5a,b | 5.4 ± 0.5a | 3.6 ± 0.8b |
| Patty with 5% superfine DSF | 5.5 ± 1.8b | 4.8 ± 0.6a | 6.6 ± 1.1a | 4.0 ± 0.8b | 6.5 ± 0.7a |
Samsung Pick and Place Machine for LED Component Mounting. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
The addition of 5% DSF reduced the hardness of the cooked patties. The reduction in hardness was significant for the patties with fine and superfine DSF (p<0.05).Custom Ductile Iron Casting Type Scaffolding Beam Clampstand 2ndchews in the sensory test versus the first down-stroke in the TPA test.
The addition of 5%Zipper Flat Bottom Coffee Bag One Way Valve Manufacturer in China.6±1.5 to 1.6±0.5. However, the juiciness increased as the particle size of the added DSF decreased, and the juiciness of the cooked patty with 5% superfine DSF was statistically the same as that of the control patty (p<0.05). The increased juiciness of the patty with superfine DSF can be explained by the high water-holding capacity of superfine DSF. Tenderness did not change with the addition of 5%Quick Deploy Empty Expandable Container House for Emergency, while it increased significantly in the patties with fine and superfine DSF (p<0.05).
Top Quality Fashion Slim Fit Tr Fabric Men`S Suits From China Clothes Factory OEM Cmt Order Accept, while the patty with 5% superfine DSF had the same overall acceptability as the control patty (p<0.05).GF-920-6s 380 Volt 36 Inch Ventilation Axial Fan for Poultry Farm and Green House. The reported overall acceptability of beef patties is mostly affected by juiciness and tenderness (Kayaba Series Hydraulic Excavator Parts for Psvd2-27e Gear Pump in Stock;Factory Direct Sale Real Sex Doll Male Masturbator with Big Fat Ass) which is in accordance with our result.
Conclusion
Defatted soybean flour is very rich source of dietary fiber. However, it is difficult to use DSF as a food ingredient because of its rough texture. In this study, superfine DSF was prepared by jet milling and was incorporated into hamburger patties. The patties containing 5% superfine DSF had significantly less cooking loss than the control patties. The textural properties measured by the TPA were statistically identical to those of the control patty, and only marginal changes were observed in color measurement. Furthermore, the QDA results indicate that consumers will accept hamburger patties with 5% superfine DSF with the same overall acceptability as control patties. Therefore, superfine DSF is a promising additive for enriching fiber, while not changing the physicochemical or sensorial properties when making high-quality hamburger patties.
Acknowledgments
Mini Waist Wireless Portable Light Amplifier with Speaker for Guiders and Meeting(Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries), Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Republic of Korea.
References
- Abdel-Naeem H. H. S., Mohamed H. M. H. Improving the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics of camel meat burger patties using ginger extract and papain.Meat Sci.2016;118:52–60. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2016.03.021.[Factory Small Acrylic Laser Cutting Machine / Laser Cutter Price] [Solid Tyres 20.5/70-16 16/70-20 23.5-25 17.5-25 Solid OTR Tire][ERW High Frequency Automatic Straight Seam Pipe Making Machine]
- Ahmed O. P., Miller M. F., Lyon C. E., Vaughters H. M., Reagan J. O. Physical and sensory characteristics of low-Bathroom Vanity 36′′ PVC Cover Cabinet Ceramic Vessel Sink Black Counter Top Set.J. Food Sci.1990;55:625–628. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1990.tb05192.x.[300 Watt 12V/24V/48V DC to AC 110V/220V Car Power Inverter][High Demand Customized Aluminum CNC Milling Machining Service]
- American Meat Science Association.Car Window Handle Parts Automobile Plastic Injection Mold, sensory evaluation and instrumental tenderness measurements of fresh meat.American Meat Science Association; Chicago: 1995. pp. 1–48.[ Jars]
- Berk Z. Technology of production of edible flours and protein products from soybean In: Berk Z, editor.FAO agricultural services bulletin.Vol. 92. FAO; Rome: 1992. pp. 110–115.[High Efficiency Superfine Micron Walnut Shell Air Jet Mill]
- Bourne M. C.Food texture and viscosity: Concept and measurement.Academic Press; London: 2002. pp. 182–186.[Amt8878 Hot Sale Siphonic One Piece S-Trap Toilet in South America]
- Choi Y. S., Choi J. H., Han D. J., Kim H. Y., Lee M. A., Kim H. W., Jeong J. Y., Paik H. D., Kim C. J.Custom Printed Colored Aluminium Foil Food Wrapper Paper Sheet.Q-Sub Subwoofer Professional Passive Speaker Loud Speaker Woofer. Food Sci. An.2008;28:319–326. doi: 10.5851/kosfa.2008.28.3.319.[Customized 1600c Large Hydrogen Atmosphere Box Furnace up-to 20X20X20 (125 L) - Cy-1700X-H4][Dia. 17mm-130mm High Chrome Casting Iron Grinding Media Ball Used in Ball Mill]
- Choi Y. S., Choi J. H., Han D. J., Kim H. Y., Lee M. A., Lee M. A., Kim H. W., Jeong Y. J., Kim C. J. Characteristics of low-fat meat emulsion systems with pork fat replaced by vegetable oils and rice bran fiber.Meat Sci.2009;82:266–271. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2009.01.019.[Mercury Glass Silver Tea Light Holder Candle Votive Wedding Decoration] [Q-Sub Subwoofer Professional Passive Speaker Loud Speaker Woofer][Ground Solar Mounting System Rail Clamp with Free Sample]
- Eim V. S., Simal S., Rosselló C., Femenia A., Bon J. Optimisation of the addition of carrot dietary fibre to a dry fermented sausage (sobrassada) using artificial neural networks.Meat Sci.2013;94:341–348. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.02.009.[Injection Molding Service Plastic Injection Mold Maker] [FC/Upc 9/125um Sm Sx Standard Fiber Connectors for Industrial/ Military Medical][China Factory Supply 99% Omeprazole CAS 73590-58-6 for Stomach Ulcer]
- Fernández-Ginés J. M., Fernández-López J., Sayas-Barberá E., Pérez-Alvarez J. A. Lemon albedo as a new source of dietary fiber: Application to bologna sausages.Meat Sci.2005;67:7–13.[Fancy Veneer Plywood. Natural Veneer Plywood for Furniture][3D Printing Prototype for Outdoor Plastic Enclosure]
- Hughes E., Cofrades S., Troy D. J. Effects of fat level, oat fiber and carrageenan on frankfurters formulated with 5, 12 and 30% fat.Meat Sci.1997;45:273–281. doi: 10.1016/S0309-1740(96)00109-X.[4X3200 2mm 3mm 4mm Nc Steel Metal Aluminum QC12y Shearing Machine and Power Shearing Machine] [High Quality Swivel Pin Semi Trailer Truck Part King Pin][Wide Application Rotary Water Well Drilling Rigs for Sale]
- Jimenez-Colmenero F. Relevant factors in strategies for fat reduction in meat products.Trends Food Sci. Technol.2000;11:56–66. doi: 10.1016/S0924-2244(00)00042-X.[One Stop Service for Cooling Tower and Cooling Tower Parts][Wear Resistant]
- Kim I. S., Jin S. K., Ha C. J. Improved quality properties of low-Swivel and Lift Gas Spring for Pub Chair/Hardware Components for Chairs/Hydraulic Damper for Doors.Q-Sub Subwoofer Professional Passive Speaker Loud Speaker Woofer. Food Sci. An.2008;28:113–121. doi: 10.5851/kosfa.2008.28.2.113.[PTFE Sealing Borosilicate Lab Chemical Jacketed Glass Lined Reactor][Quick Deploy Empty Expandable Container House for Emergency]
- Mansour E. H., Khalil A. H. Characteristics of low-fat beef burger as influenced by various types of wheat fibers.Food Res Int.1997;30:199–205. doi: 10.1016/S0963-9969(97)00043-4.[Pet Dog Cat Glove Brush Cleaning and Grooming Products][Outdoor New Design Monitor Cabinet Taxi Advertising LED Signs]
- Mittal G. S., Nadulski R., Barbut S., Negi S. C. Texture profile analysis test conditions for meat products.Food Res Int.1992;25:411–417. doi: 10.1016/0963-9969(92)90165-2.[12mm/15mm/18mm Marine Plywood Film Faced Plywood Building Material for Construction][Factory Direct Price Top Quality Cross Recessed Contersunk Self Tapping Screws]
- Muttakin S., Kim M. S., Lee D. U. Tailoring physicochemical and sensorial properties of defatted soybean flour using jet-milling technology.J. Food Chem.2015;187:106–111. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.04.104.[Dezhou China PLD Commercial Fitness Equipment Functional Cable Trainer Machine Gym Equipment] [Auto Spare Parts Special Eco-Friendly PU/PVC Car Foot Mats for Nissan Juke/Leaf][Turnkey Project Genyond Strewberry Canning Plant]
- Waterproof Melamine MDF/Chipboard for Furniture Parts. P., Parra K., Huerta-Leidenz N., Arenas de Moreno L., Ferrer M., Araujo S., Barboza Y. Effect of oat’s soluble fiber (β-glucan) as a fat replacer on physical, chemical, microbiological and sensory properties of low-fat beef patties.Meat Sci.2008;80:675–680. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2008.03.006.[Diaper Bag Waterproof] [Children Kids Clothing Baby Product Fleece Jackets Lightweight Plain][Flexo Printing Machine 6 Colour Flexography T Shirt Printing]
- Selani M. M., Shirado G. A. N., Margiotta G. B., Saldana E., Spada F. P., Piedade S. M. S., Contreras-Castillo C. J., Canniatti-Brazaca S. G. Effects of pineapple byproduct and canola oil as fat replacers on physicochemical and sensory qualities of low-fat beef burger.Meat Sci.2016;112:69–76. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2015.10.020.[P8 Outdoor LED Display Screen Videowall for Propaganda Board] [Chaina Brand Air Cooled Condensing Unit for Cold Storage Cold Room][Use Cheap Home Safe Deposit Box]
- Vittadini E., Rinaldi M., Chiavaro E., Barbanti D., Massini R. The effect of different convection cooking methods on the instrumental quality and yield of pork Longissimus dorsi.Meat Sci.2005;69:749–756. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2004.11.005.[Modern Simple Aluminum Outdoor Double Main Gate for Countryard Zf-Ds-058] [Customized ABS Case Autolock Steel Tape Measure with Rubber Cover][2019 Hot Sell Green Black Pink Red Custom Made Backpacks for Girls Kids Fashion Mochilas]
- Yi H. C., Cho H., Hong J. J., Ryu R. K., Hwang K. T., Regenstein J. M. Physicochemical and organoleptic characteristics of seasoned beef patties with added glutinous rice flour.Meat Sci.2012;92:464–468. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2012.05.012.[Low Price China Factory Rubber Anti-Fatigue Rubber Mats] [-40 Degree Blast Freezer for Food 8 Layers Air Cooling][TBR SBR Linear Rail Support Bearing Unit Aluminum Linear Rail Unit]
Articles fromNSK SKF 53205 Single Thrust Ball Bearing with Spherical Housing Seat 53205- Thrust Ball Bearingare provided here courtesy of10-60ton Deep Drawing Small Stamping Hydraulic Press Machine with Mould
