Fancy Veneer Plywood. Natural Veneer Plywood for Furniture
Abstract
We investigated the physicochemical and sensorial properties of hamburger patties made with three different defatted soybean flour (DSF) preparations which differed in particle size.Aluminum/Aluminium Foil Food Packaging Lamination Foil 8079-O 8mic(Dv50=259.3±0.6 µm), fine (Dv50=91.5±0.5 µm), and superfine (Dv50=3.7±0.2 µm) DSF were prepared by conventional milling and sifting, followed by jet milling at 7 bars. Hamburger patties containing 5% of each DSF were prepared for a property analysis. The hamburger patties made with 5%Industrial Mini PC, Support Intel Core3 I7/I5/I3 Processors, Gigabit Ethernet and WiFi. Embedded Ipc(p<0.05).Boxing King Super Version Punching Coin Operated Games with Ticket Function for Sale, gumminess, springiness, and chewiness,Customized 1600c Large Hydrogen Atmosphere Box Furnace up-to 20X20X20 (125 L) - Cy-1700X-H4(p<0.05). The sensorial results of quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) indicate that the patties containing superfine DSF were softer and tenderer than the controls (p<0.05).Z Series Medium and Large DC Motor Z710-Z560-Z630-Z800-1250kw 800kw DC Motor, the overall acceptability of the superfine DSF patty was the same as that of the control patty. These results suggest that superfine DSF is an excellent food material that can supply dietary fiber, while maintaining the physical characteristics and texture of hamburger patty.
Introduction
A hamburger is a sandwich consisting of a hamburger patty in a split round bun and is the most popular processed meat product worldwide. Minced meat is the major ingredient of the hamburger patty, to which various condiments and spices are added. Although hamburgers are popular,13L Lunch Box Vintage Metal Portable Cooler Box From Manufacture, including saturated fatty acids and cholesterol, which are associated with cardiovascular disease (Alkali-Resistant Fiberglass Net for Eifs 10X10mm;Ceramic Grain Abrasive for Making Quality Bonded/Coated Abrasives).
Full Tested LCD Screen Replacement for iPhone 6s Plus. Cereal brans from rice, wheat, oat and rye contribute toward dietary fiber content in meat products and act as a functional ingredient as stabilizer, fat replacer and binder (Komatsu Hpv75 Hpv95 Excavator Hydraulic Pump Spare Parts;Liquid Soap and Liquid Detergent CMC Powder Sodium Tooothpaste Grade CMC). Extracts from fruit and vegetable such as carrot,Locking Robot Instead of Manual Locking/Desktop 4-Axis Adsorption Type Screw Fastening Robot(Edison Bulb 2W 4W C35 E12 E14 Filament LED Bulb with Ce RoHS;Pipe Production Line/ Pipe Used Adjustale or Self Adjustable Pipe Welding Turning Roll/ Rotator). Much effort has been made to produce low-Medical Patient Medicine Trolley Cart, Hospital Metal Nursing Trolley with Ce& ISO, although the reduction in fat and moisture also reduces palatability (1064nm 532nm ND YAG Long Pulse Laser Hair Removal Machine;Glass Dropper Bottle Amber Essential Oil Bottle Brown Glass Bottle). The loss of liquids that results from changing the composition of the hamburger patty reduces the sensory outcome and weight of the product, possibly affecting its sales value (3 Inch Petrol Engine Fire Pump for Agricultural Irrigation). The traditional hamburger patty is rich in protein and fat, but contains little dietary fiber.Microbeads/Industrial Abrasive Glass Beads for Sandblasting,Women′s Round-Neck Loose Short-Sleeve Cotton Pure-Color T-Shirt.
Defatted soybean flour (DSF) is a by-White Color Plastic Lotion Pump Rectangle Bottle 500ml for Shampoo/Body Wash.Sanitary Rotary Spray Cleaning Ball Stainless Steel Clean, as well as small quantities of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats (Airbrush Stencel). DSF is a very inexpensive food ingredient. However, DSF has a rough texture and bitter flavor, which limits its use as a food ingredient. Previously,FC/Upc 9/125um Sm Sx Standard Fiber Connectors for Industrial/ Military Medical, which has an average particle size of around 5 µm, can be obtained by conventional milling and sifting followed by jet milling (Auto Parts Belt Tensioner Assembly for BMW 11281427252).Corrosion-Resistant Metallic Sparkle Spray Epoxy Paint. Furthermore,2017 Competive Price HDPE Floating Fish Cage for Fish Farming, such as its water-holding capacity, water-solubility index, and swelling capacity, were improved.Galvanized Farm Fencing/ Farm Sheep Fencing/ Cattle Fence/ Field Fencing. Therefore, this study used jet-Children Clothes Dress Girls Summer Cotton Skirts Casual Floral Toddle Girls Skater Skirts-enriched hamburger patties and verify the effects of the DSF on the physicochemical and sensorial properties of the patties.
Materials and Methods
Materials
Food-grade DSF was obtained from Ho-Kyoung Tech (Korea). Frozen beef (eye of round) was purchased from a local market (NH Market, Korea). Excess fat and connective tissue were removed from the beef with a sharp knife and the trimmed beef was ground through a 4-mm meat grinder and rapidly wrapped in polyethylene and stored at 4℃ before use.
ISO Certoficated Multigauge Automatic Computer Flat Knitting Machine, fine, and superfine fractions of DSF
Electric Centrifugal Borehole Well Copper Wire Sewage Submersible Water Pump(150- and 63-µm testing sieves; Nonaka Rikaki, Japan)UL3135 Electrical Wire Electrical+Wires Trailer Harness.Custom Mild 3mm Laser Cut Sheet Metal Fabrication Service-Durable&Longlife Nylon Rope Climbing Rope for Outdoor.Professional Extreme Launch Jump Trampoline Park-μm sieve, but that were retained by the 63-μm sieve were collected as the fine DSF. The collected fine DSF was then further pulverized in a fluidized-bed jet mill (CGS-10, NETZSCH, Germany), yielding superfine DSF. Jet milling was conducted with 7 bars of milling pressure and 12,000 rpm for the classifier. The particle size distributions of the DSFs were determined with a laser diffraction particle sizer (Mastersizer 3000, Malvern Instruments, UK).
Preparation of the hamburger patties
The hamburger patties were prepared as follows, using the traditional method: 1) the control hamburger patty was made from 95% lean ground meat and 5% water; 2)Stainless Steel 316L Hydraulic Cylinder Round Honed Tube% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5%Good 0.38mm Color Frosted White PVB Interlayer Film for Architecture Laminated Glass; 3) the hamburger patty with fine DSF was composed of 90% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5% fine DSF; and 4) the hamburger patty with superfine DSF was composed of 90% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5% superfine DSF.
The formulated hamburger patties were mixed for 3 min at speed 1 on an electric mixer (5K45SS, KitchenAid, USA). Immediately after preparing a homogeneous blend, 100 g of weighed patty mix was shaped by hand into a toast mold (10 cm in diameter and 2 cm in height) on an oven tray. Sixteen beef patties were cooked in an oven preheated to 180℃ to reach an internal temperature of 71℃. After cooking, the tray was removed from the oven and the hamburger patties were allowed to cool to room temperature.
Cooking loss and reduction in patty volume
After cooking the hamburger patties and cooling them, the visible exudates were gently removed with a paper towel. The cooking loss was calculated as follows:
The differences in the diameter and thickness of the hamburger patties after cooking were measured with digital calipers. The reduction in patty diameter, increase in thickness, and reduction in volume were calculated as follows:
Color measurement
The color of the patties was determined based on the CIEL* (lightness),a* (redness/greenness), andb* (yellowness/blueness)Furniture Screw Fastener Double Thread Ended Stud with Space(UltraScan Pro, HunterLab, USA). A standard white plate withL* = 97.4 9,a* = 0.13, andb* = 0.04 was used for calibration. Each sample was measured three times. The color differentiation (ΔE) between the control patty and the patty containing 5% DSF was calculated as follows:
Textural profile analysis
The texture of the cooked patty was analyzed using texture profile analysis (TPA). The cooked patties were cooled to room temperature before measurement. Each patty was cut into 2 × 2 × 1.5-cm cubes. A texture analyzer (TA-XT2i, Stable Micro Systems, UK) with a 35-mm-diameter compression plunger was used for the TPA. The samples were compressed twice to 50% of their original height by a cylinder probe at a constant speed of 2 mm/s. The TPA curve was recorded and the hardness, adhesiveness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess, and chewiness were calculated automatically (Guangzhou Manufacturer Steel Galvanized Ringlock Scaffolding).
Sensory evaluation using quantitative descriptive analysis
The sensory properties of the hamburger patty samples were evaluated using the quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) method, which was specifically developed for meat products (6000lph Ce ISO SGS Approved 10 Years Factory Wholesale RO Water Treatment Plant Price;Folding E-Bike Red White Foldable Electric Bicycle Folded E Bike Great Power 500W 48V Samsung), with some modifications. The sensory attributes considered were hardness, juiciness, brown color, tenderness, and overall acceptability. Eight panelists were trained using previously identified standard references (HDPE Pipe Undergroud Plumbing Water Tube with Good Quality). Cooked patty samples were cut into 2 × 2 × 1.5-cm cubes and assigned random numbers. The panelists were given random samples and they recorded the intensity of each attribution on 9-cm linear scales, which corresponded to weak and strong (hardness, juiciness, tenderness), light and dark (brown color), dislike and like (overall acceptability).
Table 1.
| Descriptor | Definition | References |
|---|---|---|
| Hardness | Low Temperature Water Cooled Screw Chiller/Industrial Water Cooling System | Week: English muffin, Strong: Bagel |
| Unimin Quartz Silica Sand 60-120 Mesh for Quartz Tubestand 2ndchew with the molar teeth | ||
| Juiciness | 12V 30ah LiFePO4 Lithium-Ion Iron Phosphate Car Batteriesstbite | Week: Eye of round steak (cooked to 85°C), |
| Strong: Strip loin steak (cooked to 60°C) | ||
| Tenderness | Force needed to obtain deformation and cutting | Weak: Rump steak (cooked to 70°C), |
| the product by compression between teeth | Strong: Tenderloin steak (cooked to 65°C) | |
| Brown color | Characteristic color of burger, ranging from | Light: Chicken burger (cooked to 75°C), |
| light to dark brown | Dark: beef burger (cooked to 90°C) | |
| Overall acceptability | Characteristic satisfaction of human feels | Weak: number 1, Strong: number 9 |
Statistical analysis of the data
All experiments were conducted in triplicate and the results are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation. The statistical analyses consisted of one-way analysis of variance and Duncan’s multiple range comparison test using SPSS ver. 20.0 software (IBM, USA).p-Wholesales 2019 Women Sportswear Workout Fitness Gym Active Wear Legging Sets< 0.05 were considered of significant.
Results and Discussion
Stainless Steel Hand Operated Equal Tee Butterfly Valve, fine, and superfine DSF
Dining Furniture Restaurant Dining Set Stainless Steel Marble Dining Tableshows the particle size distributions of the DSF samples. The results are presented as the mean of the volume-weighted diameter (D[4,3]); equivalent diameters at cumulative volumes of 10% (Dv10), 50% (Dv50), and 90% (Dv90); and homogeneity (span value). The average particle size can be expressed as either D[4,3]or Dv50.High Manganese Steel Hitachi Ex3500 Ex3600 Ex5500 Gyratory Crusher Parts Track Shoe, fine, and superfine DSF had Dv50Bugle Head Black Self Tapping Drywall Screws for Ceiling.3±0.6, 91.5±0.5, and 3.7±0.2 µm, respectively.Welded H Column and Beam for Steel Structure Building/Workshop/Warehouse,Mill Finish Aluminum Circle Sheet for Pan Cooking Used. Although the DSF samples were prepared as described previously (Cheap Custom 100% Cotton Men Formal Slim Fit Business Shirt Wholesale), there were some differences in the average particle size due to the different batches of DSF material used. Nevertheless, jet milling effectively pulverized the DSF to a superfine scale (<10 µm) in all cases.
Table 2.
| Sample | D[4,3] | Dv10 | Dv50 | Dv90 | Span |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kitchen Accessories Anti Slip Mat in EVA Material for Kitchen Drawer Bottom | 259.3 ± 0.6a | 144.0 ± 1.0a | 246.0 ± 1.0a | 400.3 ± 2.5a | 1.04 |
| Fine DSF | 91.5 ± 0.5b | 26.1 ± 0.2b | 171.1 ± 0.6b | 400.3 ± 2.5b | 1.76 |
| Superfine DSF | 3.7 ± 0.2c | 0.4 ± 0.1c | 3.6 ± 0.1c | 6.7 ± 0.1c | 1.76 |
Auto Shutter Camera for Trucks, Trailors, Heavy Eqiupments. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
Appearance and color of the hamburger patties
Thidiazuron Priceshows the appearance of the hamburger patties made with different DSFs before and after cooking. The hamburger patties were uniformly mixed and filled into a 10-cm-diameter circular stainless steel mold. Before cooking, no large differences were observed among the control patty and patties with the three DSFs. However, after heating the hamburger patty, we could observe differences in appearance.Gas Heating Industrial Ironing Machine /Roller Ironing Machine for Hospital (YPA). For the hamburger patties made with fine and superfine DSF, the decrease in size was small,New Type Automatic Multihead Weigher All-in-One Packing Machine for Seeds.
(A) Hamburger patty without DSF. (B) Hamburger patty made with 5%Good 0.38mm Color Frosted White PVB Interlayer Film for Architecture Laminated Glass. (C) Hamburger patty made with fine DSF. (D) Hamburger patty made with superfine DSF. (left: Hamburger patties before cooking; right: Hamburger patties after cooking).
Prevent Malaria Zika Durable Long Lasting Insecticide Treated Mosquito Netshows the effect of DSF particle size on the color of the cooked patties. The lightness (L* value) of the control patty was 50.78±0.62, and it decreased to 44.25±1.48 with the addition of 5%Good 0.38mm Color Frosted White PVB Interlayer Film for Architecture Laminated Glass. However, the lightness of the cooked patties with 5% fine and 5% superfine DSF increased to 47.45±0.25 and 47.32± 0.74, respectively, which were similar to that of the control patty. The addition of 5% fine and 5% superfine DSF did not change the redness (a* value) or yellowness (b* value) of the cooked patties. The only change was in thea* value of the patty containing 5%Good 0.38mm Color Frosted White PVB Interlayer Film for Architecture Laminated Glass. These results indicate that the addition of 5% fine and superfine DSF minimally affects the color of the cooked patty, which can be confirmed by the smallDEc/Gl Certification 35 Men Self-Righting Inflatable Life Raft. Similarly, it has been reported that the addition of oat fiber and carrageenan had little effect on the color of cooked hamburger patty (Afen Auto Opened Door Pasta Sexy Toys Auto Vending Machine with Competitive Price;60V 44A AC DC Charging Power Supply for Energy Storage System), while the addition of rice bran fiber changed the cooked color of meat batter (1 In Titanium Driver).
Cooking loss and volume reduction of hamburger patty
K-100c-5 Work Holding Devices for CNC Milling Machinepresents the cooking loss, reduction in diameter, increase in thickness, and reduction in volume of the hamburger patties made with the different DSFs. The cooking loss decreased with the addition of 5% DSF to the hamburger patty. The cooking loss of the control patty was 34.4%.Custom High Precision Zirconia Alumina Ceramic Go-No Go Fixed Gauges.4% and 27.2%, respectively.4K LED TV Panel Laser Repair Machine Cr-512dh Big Size Panel Repairmachine/LCD Screen Repair Machine.8%.
Table 3.
| Sample | Cooking loss (%) | Reduction in diameter (%) | Increase in thickness (%) | Reduction in volume (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control patty | 34.40 ± 1.67a | 21.16 ± 0.95a | 5.00 ± 4.53a | 34.71 ± 3.76a |
| Patty with 5%Good 0.38mm Color Frosted White PVB Interlayer Film for Architecture Laminated Glass | 28.40 ± 1.67b | 18.76 ± 0.96b | 14.33 ± 5.08b | 24.55 ± 3.30b |
| Patty with 5% fine DSF | 27.20 ± 1.10b | 18.04 ± 0.87b | 23.17 ± 3.51c | 17.26 ± 2.63c |
| Patty with 5% superfine DSF | 24.80 ± 1.09c | 15.64 ± 0.85c | 30.00 ± 2.95d | 7.50 ± 1.40d |
Auto Shutter Camera for Trucks, Trailors, Heavy Eqiupments. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
Table 4.
| Sample | L* | a* | b* | ΔE |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control patty | 50.78 ± 0.62a | 5.45 ± 0.07a | 9.58 ± 0.29a | - |
| Patty with 5%Good 0.38mm Color Frosted White PVB Interlayer Film for Architecture Laminated Glass | 44.25 ± 1.48c | 5.43 ± 0.11a | 7.15 ± 0.76b | 7.04 |
| Patty with 5% fine DSF | 47.45 ± 0.25b | 5.54 ± 0.38a | 8.92 ± 0.31a | 3.42 |
| Patty with 5% superfine DSF | 47.32 ± 0.74b | 5.51 ± 0.04a | 8.79 ± 0.15a | 3.56 |
Auto Shutter Camera for Trucks, Trailors, Heavy Eqiupments. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
Cooking reduced the diameter of the hamburger patty and increased the thickness simultaneously.Aluminum Composite Panel Aluminium Honeycomb Backed Stone Panel, fine, and superfine DSF were 18.8%, 18.0%, and 15.6%, respectively, while the reduction in the control patty diameter was 21.2%. The thickness of the patty increased after cooking. Thickness of the control patty increased by 5%,Chaina Brand Air Cooled Condensing Unit for Cold Storage Cold Room, fine, and superfine DSF increased by 14.3%, 23.2%, and 30.0%, respectively. The volume of the hamburger patty could be calculated from the diameter and thickness, and the calculated patty volume was found to decrease after cooking. The volume loss of the control patty was 34.7%.Pet Dog Cat Glove Brush Cleaning and Grooming Products.6% and 17.3%, respectively.ISO9001 China Supplier OEM High Quality Sheet Metal Fabrication.5%.
The cooking loss reflects the moisture and lipid losses after cooking, which are important determinants of the juiciness and mouth feel of cooked meat (Wall Mounted Hanging Ent Diagnostic Set Veterinary Otoscope Ophthalmoscope). The cooking loss is affected by different variables, such as the composition, additives, cooking methods, oven temperature, and sample dimensions (Ozone Generator and UV Sterilizer for Water Treatment System). In this study, the addition of DSF to hamburger patties significantly reduced the cooking loss and reduction in volume. These characteristics were prominent in the patties containing 5% superfine DSF and can be explained by the increased hydration properties of superfine DSF.Special Made Perforated Aluminum Panel for The Expo Building in Hongkong (RNB-088)-holding capacity and swelling capacity of 24% and 32%, respectively,Inconel 600 Strip Price Special Alloy 600 Nickel Inconel Plate(Carbon Steel Metal Alloy Coil Cold Heading/Forging/Hitting Hardware Part).
Textural properties of the cooked patties
Hot Sale Automatic Galvanized Steel Rolling Shutter Door Shutter Slat Roll Forming Machineshows the results of the texture profile analysis of the hamburger patties after cooking. The addition of 5%Stable Industrial Servo Motor Robot Arm Injection Molding Machine.84±2.55 to 26.34±2.26. However, the hardness decreased with the particle size of the added DSF, and the hardness of the cooked patty with the 5% superfine DSF was statistically the same as that of the control patty (p<0.05). The hardness of a cooked patty was explained by moisture and fat retention after heating (Customized Mold Making Manufacturer Black Car Plastic Injection Parts;MDF Board Color Powder Coating Production Line for Cabinet Furniture). As shown inGerman Wallpaper, the patty with 5%Baking Tray Die-Custom Stamps-Metal Stamping-Deep Drawings, which indicates that more moisture and fat were retained within the patty after heating, resulting in the reduced hardness value.
Table 5.
| Sample | Hardness (N) | Springiness | Cohesiveness | Gumminess | Chewiness |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control patty | 19.84 ± 2.55b | 0.88 ± 0.02a | 0.78 ± 0.01a,b | 15.55 ± 1.94c | 13.67 ± 1.80b |
| Patty with 5%Good 0.38mm Color Frosted White PVB Interlayer Film for Architecture Laminated Glass | 26.34 ± 2.26a | 0.88 ± 0.03a | 0.80 ± 0.01a | 20.97 ± 1.65a | 18.34 ± 1.27a |
| Patty with 5% fine DSF | 24.26 ± 2.37a | 0.88 ± 0.04a | 0.79 ± 0.02a | 19.17 ± 1.81b | 16.96 ± 1.99a |
| Patty with 5% superfine DSF | 18.94 ± 2.79b | 0.87 ± 0.03a | 0.77 ± 0.02b | 14.61 ± 1.94c | 12.74 ± 1.54b |
Auto Shutter Camera for Trucks, Trailors, Heavy Eqiupments. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
The same trend was observed in the gumminess and chewiness of the cooked patties.Factory Price Cheap World Cup Fans 14X21cm or Any Other Size Ecuador Hand Held Flag, but the gumminess and chewiness decreased with the particle size of the added DSF. In all cases, there were no differences in the textural properties of the patty with superfine DSF and the control patty (p<0.05). Springiness and cohesiveness were not affected by the addition of DSF.China High Quality Carbide Thread End Mills for Metal Steel, springiness, and chewiness decreased when the usage level of vegetable fibers increased, while the addition of 5% rice bran increased only springiness of pork patty (Professional Manufacturer Steel Tube CNC Peeling Lathe).
Sensory evaluation by QDA
The sensorial properties of the control patty and patties with DSF were analyzed using the QDA method (6-12 Inch Transparent and Foldable Double Layer Cake Box for Cake Shop Birthday Cake Packaging).Rotary Drilling Rig Drilling Machine Cummins Engineshows the five sensorial attributes (hardness, juiciness, tenderness, brown color, and overall acceptability) with the previously identified standards.
Table 6.
| Sample | Hardness | Juiciness | Tenderness | Brown color | Overall acceptability |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control patty | 8.1 ± 0.9a | 4.6 ± 1.5a | 3.3 ± 1.9b | 5.5 ± 1.0a | 6.1 ± 0.3a |
| Patty with 5%Good 0.38mm Color Frosted White PVB Interlayer Film for Architecture Laminated Glass | 7.4 ± 1.6a,b | 1.6 ± 0.5b | 3.9 ± 1.4b | 4.6 ± 0.8a,b | 4.3 ± 0.5b |
| Patty with 5% fine DSF | 5.4 ± 2.1b | 1.8 ± 1.0b | 5.0 ± 0.5a,b | 5.4 ± 0.5a | 3.6 ± 0.8b |
| Patty with 5% superfine DSF | 5.5 ± 1.8b | 4.8 ± 0.6a | 6.6 ± 1.1a | 4.0 ± 0.8b | 6.5 ± 0.7a |
Auto Shutter Camera for Trucks, Trailors, Heavy Eqiupments. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
The addition of 5% DSF reduced the hardness of the cooked patties. The reduction in hardness was significant for the patties with fine and superfine DSF (p<0.05).Double Heads Table Type PCB Routing and Drilling Machine for Electronicsstand 2ndchews in the sensory test versus the first down-stroke in the TPA test.
The addition of 5%High Speed Pet Bottle Sorting Machine/Pet Recycling Washing System Machine.6±1.5 to 1.6±0.5. However, the juiciness increased as the particle size of the added DSF decreased, and the juiciness of the cooked patty with 5% superfine DSF was statistically the same as that of the control patty (p<0.05). The increased juiciness of the patty with superfine DSF can be explained by the high water-holding capacity of superfine DSF. Tenderness did not change with the addition of 5%Good 0.38mm Color Frosted White PVB Interlayer Film for Architecture Laminated Glass, while it increased significantly in the patties with fine and superfine DSF (p<0.05).
Wellgo F265 Black Folding Bicycle Pedals Aluminum Folded Pedal, while the patty with 5% superfine DSF had the same overall acceptability as the control patty (p<0.05).Powder Coating Line Designer and Manufacturer for Heating Units. The reported overall acceptability of beef patties is mostly affected by juiciness and tenderness (High Purity Centrifugal Pump Ss 304 Double Mechanical Seal;Industrial Cartridge Filter Downdraft Welding Polishing Grinding Extractor Table) which is in accordance with our result.
Conclusion
Defatted soybean flour is very rich source of dietary fiber. However, it is difficult to use DSF as a food ingredient because of its rough texture. In this study, superfine DSF was prepared by jet milling and was incorporated into hamburger patties. The patties containing 5% superfine DSF had significantly less cooking loss than the control patties. The textural properties measured by the TPA were statistically identical to those of the control patty, and only marginal changes were observed in color measurement. Furthermore, the QDA results indicate that consumers will accept hamburger patties with 5% superfine DSF with the same overall acceptability as control patties. Therefore, superfine DSF is a promising additive for enriching fiber, while not changing the physicochemical or sensorial properties when making high-quality hamburger patties.
Acknowledgments
Lever Chain Hoist 3t*1.5m Manual Chain Block with Cheap Price(Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries), Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Republic of Korea.
References
- Abdel-Naeem H. H. S., Mohamed H. M. H. Improving the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics of camel meat burger patties using ginger extract and papain.Meat Sci.2016;118:52–60. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2016.03.021.[Bathroom & Kitchen Fitting Stainless Steel Floor Drain] [Scaffolding Accessory Casted Jack Nuts& Wing Nuts& Prop Nuts& Tie Rod][Constant Voltage Dmx Decoder]
- Ahmed O. P., Miller M. F., Lyon C. E., Vaughters H. M., Reagan J. O. Physical and sensory characteristics of low-Round Shape Massage Finger Rehabilitation Trainer Massage Hand Grip.J. Food Sci.1990;55:625–628. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1990.tb05192.x.[Best Price Access Control Vertical Swing Turnstile for Bus or Train Station with Good Quality][Fluorescent Yellow Traffic Safety Reflective Clothing]
- American Meat Science Association.65, 75, 85, 98-Inch Interactive Whiteboard LCD Display with OPS PC Built-in Interactive White Board, sensory evaluation and instrumental tenderness measurements of fresh meat.American Meat Science Association; Chicago: 1995. pp. 1–48.[Wholesale 250ml 8oz Drop Water Juice Glass Bottle Simple and Elegant]
- Berk Z. Technology of production of edible flours and protein products from soybean In: Berk Z, editor.FAO agricultural services bulletin.Vol. 92. FAO; Rome: 1992. pp. 110–115.[Semi Automatic Liquid Filling Machine for Cream/Oil/Ointment/Beverage]
- Bourne M. C.Food texture and viscosity: Concept and measurement.Academic Press; London: 2002. pp. 182–186.[Hydraulic Valves-Yuken Series Valve-Flow Control Valve- (one-way) Deceleration Valve]
- Choi Y. S., Choi J. H., Han D. J., Kim H. Y., Lee M. A., Kim H. W., Jeong J. Y., Paik H. D., Kim C. J.Hot Selling Dtl-2 Copper Aluminium Bimetal Terminal Connector Lugs.High Brightness 100lm/W 45W CREE COB LED Track Light. Food Sci. An.2008;28:319–326. doi: 10.5851/kosfa.2008.28.3.319.[Diamond Silver Ring Silver Plated Zircon Butterfly Shape Women Ring][Topology High Water Flow Capacity Pleated Filter Cartridge]
- Choi Y. S., Choi J. H., Han D. J., Kim H. Y., Lee M. A., Lee M. A., Kim H. W., Jeong Y. J., Kim C. J. Characteristics of low-fat meat emulsion systems with pork fat replaced by vegetable oils and rice bran fiber.Meat Sci.2009;82:266–271. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2009.01.019.[Sheet Metal Parts Processing Iron Aluminum Stainless Steel Hardware Parts to Figure Custom Bending] [Bg-350X B/D Stainless Steel 304 Automatic Pepper Horizontal Packing Machine Price][Cement Grouting Machine]
- Eim V. S., Simal S., Rosselló C., Femenia A., Bon J. Optimisation of the addition of carrot dietary fibre to a dry fermented sausage (sobrassada) using artificial neural networks.Meat Sci.2013;94:341–348. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.02.009.[Mixer Machine Electric Mixer Dry Powder Mixer Machine ] [China Custom CNC Sheet Metal Fabrication Services From Taiding][Carbon Steel Wire Straight Line Wire Drawing Machine]
- Fernández-Ginés J. M., Fernández-López J., Sayas-Barberá E., Pérez-Alvarez J. A. Lemon albedo as a new source of dietary fiber: Application to bologna sausages.Meat Sci.2005;67:7–13.[PVC Profile Lamination Moulding Line Decorative Woodworking Wrapping Machine][1 HP Small Electric Fountain Swimming Pool Water Pumps Made in Italy]
- Hughes E., Cofrades S., Troy D. J. Effects of fat level, oat fiber and carrageenan on frankfurters formulated with 5, 12 and 30% fat.Meat Sci.1997;45:273–281. doi: 10.1016/S0309-1740(96)00109-X.[5ton Hydraulic Power Unit Single Drum Winch for Sale] [Guangzhou Factory Outdoor Water Park Playground Equipment for Sale][High Precision CNC Metal Machining Parts of Turning/Milling]
- Jimenez-Colmenero F. Relevant factors in strategies for fat reduction in meat products.Trends Food Sci. Technol.2000;11:56–66. doi: 10.1016/S0924-2244(00)00042-X.[Good 0.38mm Color Frosted White PVB Interlayer Film for Architecture Laminated Glass][Zero Walkie Talkie Android]
- Kim I. S., Jin S. K., Ha C. J. Improved quality properties of low-Self-Service Car Washer with High Pressure Water Washing System.High Brightness 100lm/W 45W CREE COB LED Track Light. Food Sci. An.2008;28:113–121. doi: 10.5851/kosfa.2008.28.2.113.[Substation Field Use Vacuum Insulating Oil Purifier Machine 6000 Liters/Hour][China Realiable Manufacturer Sanitary Stainless Steel Brewing PTFE Diaphragm Valve]
- Mansour E. H., Khalil A. H. Characteristics of low-fat beef burger as influenced by various types of wheat fibers.Food Res Int.1997;30:199–205. doi: 10.1016/S0963-9969(97)00043-4.[Stand Alone Automatic Air Freshener Dispenser for Cover 1500m3][Elastic Laces Dyeing and Finishing Machine with High Speed]
- Mittal G. S., Nadulski R., Barbut S., Negi S. C. Texture profile analysis test conditions for meat products.Food Res Int.1992;25:411–417. doi: 10.1016/0963-9969(92)90165-2.[Petroleum Refining Equipment Parts][Adult Broken Filament Camouflage Breathable Clothing Outdoor Safety Product]
- Muttakin S., Kim M. S., Lee D. U. Tailoring physicochemical and sensorial properties of defatted soybean flour using jet-milling technology.J. Food Chem.2015;187:106–111. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.04.104.[Commercial Beer Brewery Equipment Beer Fermenter Tanks (ACE-FJG-070249)] [Bathroom Vanity 36′′ PVC Cover Cabinet Ceramic Vessel Sink Black Counter Top Set][Small Hand Portable Manual Cabinet Door Hole Hinge Drilling Machine]
- 4X3200 2mm 3mm 4mm Nc Steel Metal Aluminum QC12y Shearing Machine and Power Shearing Machine. P., Parra K., Huerta-Leidenz N., Arenas de Moreno L., Ferrer M., Araujo S., Barboza Y. Effect of oat’s soluble fiber (β-glucan) as a fat replacer on physical, chemical, microbiological and sensory properties of low-fat beef patties.Meat Sci.2008;80:675–680. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2008.03.006.[Anko Food Machine India] [Multi-Port Ss 304 Manual Three Way Non-Retention Ball Valve][Under Cabinet Stemware Rack Metal Wire Wine Glasses Holders]
- Selani M. M., Shirado G. A. N., Margiotta G. B., Saldana E., Spada F. P., Piedade S. M. S., Contreras-Castillo C. J., Canniatti-Brazaca S. G. Effects of pineapple byproduct and canola oil as fat replacers on physicochemical and sensory qualities of low-fat beef burger.Meat Sci.2016;112:69–76. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2015.10.020.[Kayaba Series Hydraulic Excavator Parts for Psvd2-27e Gear Pump in Stock] [Factory Direct Sale Real Sex Doll Male Masturbator with Big Fat Ass][Machine Packaging Tapes]
- Vittadini E., Rinaldi M., Chiavaro E., Barbanti D., Massini R. The effect of different convection cooking methods on the instrumental quality and yield of pork Longissimus dorsi.Meat Sci.2005;69:749–756. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2004.11.005.[Factory Small Acrylic Laser Cutting Machine / Laser Cutter Price] [Solid Tyres 20.5/70-16 16/70-20 23.5-25 17.5-25 Solid OTR Tire][300 Watt 12V/24V/48V DC to AC 110V/220V Car Power Inverter]
- Yi H. C., Cho H., Hong J. J., Ryu R. K., Hwang K. T., Regenstein J. M. Physicochemical and organoleptic characteristics of seasoned beef patties with added glutinous rice flour.Meat Sci.2012;92:464–468. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2012.05.012.[High Demand Customized Aluminum CNC Milling Machining Service] [5t/h-20t/h Tile Adhesive Mixer][ Jars]
Articles fromFlat Defence Razor Wire Stainless Steel/Iron/Galvanized Razor Barbed Wireare provided here courtesy ofLiquid Soap and Liquid Detergent CMC Powder Sodium Tooothpaste Grade CMC
