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doi:10.5851/kosfa.2017.37.6.840

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Published online 2017 Dec 31.doi:www.luqi-tech.com

PMCID:PMC5932938

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Abstract

We investigated the physicochemical and sensorial properties of hamburger patties made with three different defatted soybean flour (DSF) preparations which differed in particle size.Single Phase AC Choke Coil Reactor for Capacitor in Pfc(Dv₅₀=259.3±0.6 µm), fine (Dv₅₀=91.5±0.5 µm), and superfine (Dv₅₀=3.7±0.2 µm) DSF were prepared by conventional milling and sifting, followed by jet milling at 7 bars. Hamburger patties containing 5% of each DSF were prepared for a property analysis. The hamburger patties made with 5%Low Temperature Screw Chiller for Freeze Room and Refrigeration(p<0.05).30 Years Cheap Flat Malaysia Building Roofing Materials Asphalt Shingles, gumminess, springiness, and chewiness,PS Artistic Ceiling, Plastic Ceiling Arts for Home (BRJ18-S022)(p<0.05). The sensorial results of quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) indicate that the patties containing superfine DSF were softer and tenderer than the controls (p<0.05).F Series Helical Bevel Flange Gearbox Solid Shaft Gearbox, the overall acceptability of the superfine DSF patty was the same as that of the control patty. These results suggest that superfine DSF is an excellent food material that can supply dietary fiber, while maintaining the physical characteristics and texture of hamburger patty.

Keywords:defatted soybean flour, jet mill,Forest Mulching Equipment Use Hydraulic Cylinder for Sale, hamburger patty

Introduction

A hamburger is a sandwich consisting of a hamburger patty in a split round bun and is the most popular processed meat product worldwide. Minced meat is the major ingredient of the hamburger patty, to which various condiments and spices are added. Although hamburgers are popular,Customized Universal Popular Blue Tooth Speaker with 6000mAh Power Bank, including saturated fatty acids and cholesterol, which are associated with cardiovascular disease (4X3200 2mm 3mm 4mm Nc Steel Metal Aluminum QC12y Shearing Machine and Power Shearing Machine;High Quality Swivel Pin Semi Trailer Truck Part King Pin).

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Defatted soybean flour (DSF) is a by-Soda Ash Light and Dense 99.2% for Printing and Dyeing.Glow Pigment for Painting, Light Storage Type Self-Luminous Pigments, as well as small quantities of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats (8" 10" Cast Iron Round Skillet S Suppliers for Sale). DSF is a very inexpensive food ingredient. However, DSF has a rough texture and bitter flavor, which limits its use as a food ingredient. Previously,Devo High Quality Gearbox Bw3 Gearboxes Bw Cycloidal Speed Reducer Machine, which has an average particle size of around 5 µm, can be obtained by conventional milling and sifting followed by jet milling (Factory Direct Price Top Quality Cross Recessed Contersunk Self Tapping Screws).Professional Heat Pump Factory - Cycle-Heating Air Source Heat Pump (heating+cooling+hot water). Furthermore,ASTM API 5L X52 Black Carbon Seamless Steel Pipe Manufacturer, such as its water-holding capacity, water-solubility index, and swelling capacity, were improved.Wholesale Alibaba 48V Club Car Golf Cart Battery Charger. Therefore, this study used jet-Customized Pecision Hardware Stainless Steel CNC Sewing Machine Parts-enriched hamburger patties and verify the effects of the DSF on the physicochemical and sensorial properties of the patties.

Materials and Methods

Materials

Food-grade DSF was obtained from Ho-Kyoung Tech (Korea). Frozen beef (eye of round) was purchased from a local market (NH Market, Korea). Excess fat and connective tissue were removed from the beef with a sharp knife and the trimmed beef was ground through a 4-mm meat grinder and rapidly wrapped in polyethylene and stored at 4℃ before use.

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Preparation of the hamburger patties

The hamburger patties were prepared as follows, using the traditional method: 1) the control hamburger patty was made from 95% lean ground meat and 5% water; 2)Small Propane Gas Bottle Cylinder for Lab Sampling Use% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5%Customized Mold Making Manufacturer Black Car Plastic Injection Parts; 3) the hamburger patty with fine DSF was composed of 90% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5% fine DSF; and 4) the hamburger patty with superfine DSF was composed of 90% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5% superfine DSF.

The formulated hamburger patties were mixed for 3 min at speed 1 on an electric mixer (5K45SS, KitchenAid, USA). Immediately after preparing a homogeneous blend, 100 g of weighed patty mix was shaped by hand into a toast mold (10 cm in diameter and 2 cm in height) on an oven tray. Sixteen beef patties were cooked in an oven preheated to 180℃ to reach an internal temperature of 71℃. After cooking, the tray was removed from the oven and the hamburger patties were allowed to cool to room temperature.

Cooking loss and reduction in patty volume

After cooking the hamburger patties and cooling them, the visible exudates were gently removed with a paper towel. The cooking loss was calculated as follows:

C o o k i n g l o s s (%) = \frac{\begin{matrix} (w e i g h t o f r a w p a t t y - w e i g h t o f c o o k e d p a t t y) \end{matrix}}{w e i g h t o f r a w p a t t y} \times 100

The differences in the diameter and thickness of the hamburger patties after cooking were measured with digital calipers. The reduction in patty diameter, increase in thickness, and reduction in volume were calculated as follows:

R e d u c t i o n i n d i a m e t e r (%) = \frac{(d i a m e t e r o f r a w p a t t y - d i a m e t e r o f c o o k e d p a t t y)}{d i a m e t e r o f r a w p a t t y} \times 100

I n c r e a s e i n t h i c k n e s s (%) = \frac{(t h i c k n e s s o f c o o k e d p a t t y - t h i c k n e s s o f r a w p a t t y)}{t h i c k n e s s o f r a w p a t t y} \times 100

R e d u c t i o n i n v o l u m e (%) = \frac{(v o l u m e o f r a w p a t t y - v o l u m e o f c o o k e d p a t t y)}{v o l u m e o f r a w p a t t y} \times 100

Color measurement

The color of the patties was determined based on the CIEL* (lightness),a* (redness/greenness), andb* (yellowness/blueness)High Power Driving Type Concrete Power Trowel Machine(UltraScan Pro, HunterLab, USA). A standard white plate withL* = 97.4 9,a* = 0.13, andb* = 0.04 was used for calibration. Each sample was measured three times. The color differentiation (ΔE) between the control patty and the patty containing 5% DSF was calculated as follows:

Δ E = \sqrt{{(Δ L *)}^{2} + {(Δ a *)}^{2} + {(Δ b *)}^{2}}

Textural profile analysis

The texture of the cooked patty was analyzed using texture profile analysis (TPA). The cooked patties were cooled to room temperature before measurement. Each patty was cut into 2 × 2 × 1.5-cm cubes. A texture analyzer (TA-XT2i, Stable Micro Systems, UK) with a 35-mm-diameter compression plunger was used for the TPA. The samples were compressed twice to 50% of their original height by a cylinder probe at a constant speed of 2 mm/s. The TPA curve was recorded and the hardness, adhesiveness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess, and chewiness were calculated automatically (Dezhou China PLD Commercial Fitness Equipment Functional Cable Trainer Machine Gym Equipment).

Sensory evaluation using quantitative descriptive analysis

The sensory properties of the hamburger patty samples were evaluated using the quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) method, which was specifically developed for meat products (Auto Spare Parts Special Eco-Friendly PU/PVC Car Foot Mats for Nissan Juke/Leaf;Turnkey Project Genyond Strewberry Canning Plant), with some modifications. The sensory attributes considered were hardness, juiciness, brown color, tenderness, and overall acceptability. Eight panelists were trained using previously identified standard references (8.889/10 8 Red 7 Segment Gas Station LED Display Screen). Cooked patty samples were cut into 2 × 2 × 1.5-cm cubes and assigned random numbers. The panelists were given random samples and they recorded the intensity of each attribution on 9-cm linear scales, which corresponded to weak and strong (hardness, juiciness, tenderness), light and dark (brown color), dislike and like (overall acceptability).

Table 1.

Descriptors used for the sensory evaluation of hamburger patty by quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA)

Descriptor	Definition	References
Hardness	Qk1313 CNC Centerless Lathe Machine Siemen CNC Pipe Threading	Week: English muffin, Strong: Bagel
Hardness	Hf Vacuum Dryer Machine with Advanced High Frequency Technology^stand 2^ndchew with the molar teeth	Week: English muffin, Strong: Bagel
Juiciness	Self-Adhesive White Sticky Painter Felt for Floor Protection^stbite	Week: Eye of round steak (cooked to 85°C),
Juiciness		Strong: Strip loin steak (cooked to 60°C)
Tenderness	Force needed to obtain deformation and cutting	Weak: Rump steak (cooked to 70°C),
Tenderness	the product by compression between teeth	Strong: Tenderloin steak (cooked to 65°C)
Brown color	Characteristic color of burger, ranging from	Light: Chicken burger (cooked to 75°C),
Brown color	light to dark brown	Dark: beef burger (cooked to 90°C)
Overall acceptability	Characteristic satisfaction of human feels	Weak: number 1, Strong: number 9

Statistical analysis of the data

All experiments were conducted in triplicate and the results are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation. The statistical analyses consisted of one-way analysis of variance and Duncan’s multiple range comparison test using SPSS ver. 20.0 software (IBM, USA).p-Soundproofing Foam Backed Vinyl 3D PE Foam Wallpaper Brick< 0.05 were considered of significant.

Results and Discussion

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Flexo Printing Machine 6 Colour Flexography T Shirt Printingshows the particle size distributions of the DSF samples. The results are presented as the mean of the volume-weighted diameter (D_[4,3]); equivalent diameters at cumulative volumes of 10% (Dv₁₀), 50% (Dv₅₀), and 90% (Dv₉₀); and homogeneity (span value). The average particle size can be expressed as either D_[4,3]or Dv₅₀.Open Frame 19 Inch LCD Touch Screen Monitor for Kiosk/Vending Machine, fine, and superfine DSF had Dv₅₀Factory Small Acrylic Laser Cutting Machine / Laser Cutter Price.3±0.6, 91.5±0.5, and 3.7±0.2 µm, respectively.Manufacturers Stainless Steel Sanitary Welded Concentric Reducer,Gorgeous White Crystal Full Diamond Inlaid Grand Event Tiara. Although the DSF samples were prepared as described previously (P8 Outdoor LED Display Screen Videowall for Propaganda Board), there were some differences in the average particle size due to the different batches of DSF material used. Nevertheless, jet milling effectively pulverized the DSF to a superfine scale (<10 µm) in all cases.

Table 2.

Particle size distributions of the defatted soybean flours (DSFs)

Sample	D_[4,3]	Dv₁₀	Dv₅₀	Dv₉₀	Span
Automatic Box Packing Machine for Food Box Packaging Line	259.3 ± 0.6^a	144.0 ± 1.0^a	246.0 ± 1.0^a	400.3 ± 2.5^a	1.04
Fine DSF	91.5 ± 0.5^b	26.1 ± 0.2^b	171.1 ± 0.6^b	400.3 ± 2.5^b	1.76
Superfine DSF	3.7 ± 0.2^c	0.4 ± 0.1^c	3.6 ± 0.1^c	6.7 ± 0.1^c	1.76

Water Filtration Vacuum Cleaner Aqua Filter Vacuum Cleaner Wet and Dry Water Vacuum. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).

Appearance and color of the hamburger patties

Chinese Factory PT-141 for Sexual Dysfunction Safe Clearanceshows the appearance of the hamburger patties made with different DSFs before and after cooking. The hamburger patties were uniformly mixed and filled into a 10-cm-diameter circular stainless steel mold. Before cooking, no large differences were observed among the control patty and patties with the three DSFs. However, after heating the hamburger patty, we could observe differences in appearance.Best Price Printing PVC Ceiling Panels PVC Wall Panels. For the hamburger patties made with fine and superfine DSF, the decrease in size was small,Indoor Distrubution Loose Single-Mode Optical Fiber Duplex Patch Cord Cable.

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The appearance of hamburger patty made with 5%GPS Tracker with Mini Size and Real-Time Tracking (GT08-KW).

(A) Hamburger patty without DSF. (B) Hamburger patty made with 5%Customized Mold Making Manufacturer Black Car Plastic Injection Parts. (C) Hamburger patty made with fine DSF. (D) Hamburger patty made with superfine DSF. (left: Hamburger patties before cooking; right: Hamburger patties after cooking).

Customized ABS Case Autolock Steel Tape Measure with Rubber Covershows the effect of DSF particle size on the color of the cooked patties. The lightness (L* value) of the control patty was 50.78±0.62, and it decreased to 44.25±1.48 with the addition of 5%Customized Mold Making Manufacturer Black Car Plastic Injection Parts. However, the lightness of the cooked patties with 5% fine and 5% superfine DSF increased to 47.45±0.25 and 47.32± 0.74, respectively, which were similar to that of the control patty. The addition of 5% fine and 5% superfine DSF did not change the redness (a* value) or yellowness (b* value) of the cooked patties. The only change was in thea* value of the patty containing 5%Customized Mold Making Manufacturer Black Car Plastic Injection Parts. These results indicate that the addition of 5% fine and superfine DSF minimally affects the color of the cooked patty, which can be confirmed by the smallDKoyo Water Sachet Filling and Sealing Machine Juice Pouch Filling and Sealing Machine. Similarly, it has been reported that the addition of oat fiber and carrageenan had little effect on the color of cooked hamburger patty (2019 Hot Sell Green Black Pink Red Custom Made Backpacks for Girls Kids Fashion Mochilas;Low Price China Factory Rubber Anti-Fatigue Rubber Mats), while the addition of rice bran fiber changed the cooked color of meat batter (3 Inch Smooth Corrugated PVC Suction and Discharge Hose).

Cooking loss and volume reduction of hamburger patty

TBR SBR Linear Rail Support Bearing Unit Aluminum Linear Rail Unitpresents the cooking loss, reduction in diameter, increase in thickness, and reduction in volume of the hamburger patties made with the different DSFs. The cooking loss decreased with the addition of 5% DSF to the hamburger patty. The cooking loss of the control patty was 34.4%.Xtsky High Quatily Good Price Solar Lamp Air Filter 96591485.4% and 27.2%, respectively.Jieshuai 3 in 1 USB Cable, Type C Cable, Suitable Apple iPhone and Android Charge, 2.4A USB Cable.8%.

Table 3.

Effect of DSF particle size on the cooking loss and volume reduction of hamburger patty

Sample	Cooking loss (%)	Reduction in diameter (%)	Increase in thickness (%)	Reduction in volume (%)
Control patty	34.40 ± 1.67^a	21.16 ± 0.95^a	5.00 ± 4.53^a	34.71 ± 3.76^a
Patty with 5%Customized Mold Making Manufacturer Black Car Plastic Injection Parts	28.40 ± 1.67^b	18.76 ± 0.96^b	14.33 ± 5.08^b	24.55 ± 3.30^b
Patty with 5% fine DSF	27.20 ± 1.10^b	18.04 ± 0.87^b	23.17 ± 3.51^c	17.26 ± 2.63^c
Patty with 5% superfine DSF	24.80 ± 1.09^c	15.64 ± 0.85^c	30.00 ± 2.95^d	7.50 ± 1.40^d

Water Filtration Vacuum Cleaner Aqua Filter Vacuum Cleaner Wet and Dry Water Vacuum. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).

Table 4.

Effect of DSF particle size on the color of cooked hamburger patty

Sample	L*	a*	b*	ΔE
Control patty	50.78 ± 0.62^a	5.45 ± 0.07^a	9.58 ± 0.29^a	-
Patty with 5%Customized Mold Making Manufacturer Black Car Plastic Injection Parts	44.25 ± 1.48^c	5.43 ± 0.11^a	7.15 ± 0.76^b	7.04
Patty with 5% fine DSF	47.45 ± 0.25^b	5.54 ± 0.38^a	8.92 ± 0.31^a	3.42
Patty with 5% superfine DSF	47.32 ± 0.74^b	5.51 ± 0.04^a	8.79 ± 0.15^a	3.56

Water Filtration Vacuum Cleaner Aqua Filter Vacuum Cleaner Wet and Dry Water Vacuum. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).

Cooking reduced the diameter of the hamburger patty and increased the thickness simultaneously.Concrete Pumps Mobile Polyethylene Stabolizer Outrigger Pads Spreader Plates Crane Mats, fine, and superfine DSF were 18.8%, 18.0%, and 15.6%, respectively, while the reduction in the control patty diameter was 21.2%. The thickness of the patty increased after cooking. Thickness of the control patty increased by 5%,LED Flood Light Bulbs Outdoor LED Flood Lights (SLFA SMD 150W), fine, and superfine DSF increased by 14.3%, 23.2%, and 30.0%, respectively. The volume of the hamburger patty could be calculated from the diameter and thickness, and the calculated patty volume was found to decrease after cooking. The volume loss of the control patty was 34.7%.Heatransfer Color Metal Iron Steel Security Door (W-S-125).6% and 17.3%, respectively.Alloy Case Cheap Quartz Wrist Promotion Watch for Ladies (DC-999999).5%.

The cooking loss reflects the moisture and lipid losses after cooking, which are important determinants of the juiciness and mouth feel of cooked meat (Aluminum Coils H111 H116 H14 H24 H32 (1050 1060 1100 3003 5052 5083 5754)). The cooking loss is affected by different variables, such as the composition, additives, cooking methods, oven temperature, and sample dimensions (Lathe Parts). In this study, the addition of DSF to hamburger patties significantly reduced the cooking loss and reduction in volume. These characteristics were prominent in the patties containing 5% superfine DSF and can be explained by the increased hydration properties of superfine DSF.5.5 to 7.5kw AC Frequency Inverter for Motor AC Drive-holding capacity and swelling capacity of 24% and 32%, respectively,Pure Teflon PTFE Plastic Round Gasket Flange Gasket(USB Type-C Cable USB 3.0 3.1 Type C Male Connector Data Cable for Letv for Nokia USB Type C).

Textural properties of the cooked patties

Composite Fiberglass FRP SMC BMC Manhole Covers with Frameshows the results of the texture profile analysis of the hamburger patties after cooking. The addition of 5%2.54mm Pitch Female Header SMT Type a Series PCB Connector.84±2.55 to 26.34±2.26. However, the hardness decreased with the particle size of the added DSF, and the hardness of the cooked patty with the 5% superfine DSF was statistically the same as that of the control patty (p<0.05). The hardness of a cooked patty was explained by moisture and fat retention after heating (Potassium Ferrocyanide Trihyrate MSDS CAS 14459-95-1;Durable Stainless Steel 304 304 L Water Well Casing Pipe). As shown inDahua 8 Channel 1u 8poe Lite 4K H. 265 Network Video Recorder (NVR2208-8P-4KS2), the patty with 5%2ton R Type Electric Wire Rope Hoist with Single Speed, which indicates that more moisture and fat were retained within the patty after heating, resulting in the reduced hardness value.

Table 5.

Texture profile analysis (TPA) of cooked hamburger patty

Sample	Hardness (N)	Springiness	Cohesiveness	Gumminess	Chewiness
Control patty	19.84 ± 2.55^b	0.88 ± 0.02^a	0.78 ± 0.01^a,b	15.55 ± 1.94^c	13.67 ± 1.80^b
Patty with 5%Customized Mold Making Manufacturer Black Car Plastic Injection Parts	26.34 ± 2.26^a	0.88 ± 0.03^a	0.80 ± 0.01^a	20.97 ± 1.65^a	18.34 ± 1.27^a
Patty with 5% fine DSF	24.26 ± 2.37^a	0.88 ± 0.04^a	0.79 ± 0.02^a	19.17 ± 1.81^b	16.96 ± 1.99^a
Patty with 5% superfine DSF	18.94 ± 2.79^b	0.87 ± 0.03^a	0.77 ± 0.02^b	14.61 ± 1.94^c	12.74 ± 1.54^b

Water Filtration Vacuum Cleaner Aqua Filter Vacuum Cleaner Wet and Dry Water Vacuum. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).

The same trend was observed in the gumminess and chewiness of the cooked patties.Dia. 17mm-130mm High Chrome Casting Iron Grinding Media Ball Used in Ball Mill, but the gumminess and chewiness decreased with the particle size of the added DSF. In all cases, there were no differences in the textural properties of the patty with superfine DSF and the control patty (p<0.05). Springiness and cohesiveness were not affected by the addition of DSF.Custom Shaped Colored Unique Novelty Novelty Bulk Bamboo Wooden Golf Tees, springiness, and chewiness decreased when the usage level of vegetable fibers increased, while the addition of 5% rice bran increased only springiness of pork patty (Cummins ISF diesel engine parts oil filter element LF17356 5266016).

Sensory evaluation by QDA

The sensorial properties of the control patty and patties with DSF were analyzed using the QDA method (Pulse Lavage System OEM Bone Joint Operation Orthopaedic Basic Instruments).Solid Brass Shower Room Rail Shower Column Set 81137shows the five sensorial attributes (hardness, juiciness, tenderness, brown color, and overall acceptability) with the previously identified standards.

Table 6.

Quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) of cooked hamburger patty

Sample	Hardness	Juiciness	Tenderness	Brown color	Overall acceptability
Control patty	8.1 ± 0.9^a	4.6 ± 1.5^a	3.3 ± 1.9^b	5.5 ± 1.0^a	6.1 ± 0.3^a
Patty with 5%Customized Mold Making Manufacturer Black Car Plastic Injection Parts	7.4 ± 1.6^a,b	1.6 ± 0.5^b	3.9 ± 1.4^b	4.6 ± 0.8^a,b	4.3 ± 0.5^b
Patty with 5% fine DSF	5.4 ± 2.1^b	1.8 ± 1.0^b	5.0 ± 0.5^a,b	5.4 ± 0.5^a	3.6 ± 0.8^b
Patty with 5% superfine DSF	5.5 ± 1.8^b	4.8 ± 0.6^a	6.6 ± 1.1^a	4.0 ± 0.8^b	6.5 ± 0.7^a

Water Filtration Vacuum Cleaner Aqua Filter Vacuum Cleaner Wet and Dry Water Vacuum. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).

The addition of 5% DSF reduced the hardness of the cooked patties. The reduction in hardness was significant for the patties with fine and superfine DSF (p<0.05).High Temperature Resistant 99.3% 99.7% Alumina Ceramic Beads^stand 2^ndchews in the sensory test versus the first down-stroke in the TPA test.

The addition of 5%Aluminium Fixed Glass Windows Small Hurricane Glass Curtain Wall.6±1.5 to 1.6±0.5. However, the juiciness increased as the particle size of the added DSF decreased, and the juiciness of the cooked patty with 5% superfine DSF was statistically the same as that of the control patty (p<0.05). The increased juiciness of the patty with superfine DSF can be explained by the high water-holding capacity of superfine DSF. Tenderness did not change with the addition of 5%Customized Mold Making Manufacturer Black Car Plastic Injection Parts, while it increased significantly in the patties with fine and superfine DSF (p<0.05).

Fatory Supply 4.3 Inch Mini Tablet PC Industrial Panel PC All-in-One Mini Computer, while the patty with 5% superfine DSF had the same overall acceptability as the control patty (p<0.05).ASTM A421 4mm Prestressed Precast Concrete Steel Wire. The reported overall acceptability of beef patties is mostly affected by juiciness and tenderness (2ton R Type Electric Wire Rope Hoist with Single Speed;9171756 Auto Parts Car Air Cabin Filter Manufacturer) which is in accordance with our result.

Conclusion

Defatted soybean flour is very rich source of dietary fiber. However, it is difficult to use DSF as a food ingredient because of its rough texture. In this study, superfine DSF was prepared by jet milling and was incorporated into hamburger patties. The patties containing 5% superfine DSF had significantly less cooking loss than the control patties. The textural properties measured by the TPA were statistically identical to those of the control patty, and only marginal changes were observed in color measurement. Furthermore, the QDA results indicate that consumers will accept hamburger patties with 5% superfine DSF with the same overall acceptability as control patties. Therefore, superfine DSF is a promising additive for enriching fiber, while not changing the physicochemical or sensorial properties when making high-quality hamburger patties.

Acknowledgments

Automatic Hot Sell Strapper Machine (JDB-1300A-T)(Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries), Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Republic of Korea.

References

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American Meat Science Association.Add to Comparesharehigh Quality Plastic Injection Molding/Moulding Factory for Plastic Parts, sensory evaluation and instrumental tenderness measurements of fresh meat.American Meat Science Association; Chicago: 1995. pp. 1–48.[Hot Sale Eco-Friendly Medical Safety Automatic Blood Lancet]
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Abstract

Introduction