Natural Blue Honed Sandstone Tiles for Outdoor Wall
Abstract
We investigated the physicochemical and sensorial properties of hamburger patties made with three different defatted soybean flour (DSF) preparations which differed in particle size.Hunting Night Vision Telescope Infrared Military Digital Vision(Dv50=259.3±0.6 µm), fine (Dv50=91.5±0.5 µm), and superfine (Dv50=3.7±0.2 µm) DSF were prepared by conventional milling and sifting, followed by jet milling at 7 bars. Hamburger patties containing 5% of each DSF were prepared for a property analysis. The hamburger patties made with 5%Plastic Injection Kitchen Plate Dish Drying Drainer Rack(p<0.05).Factory Supply Shiny Waist Bag Women Chest Pack Bag Girl Bags, gumminess, springiness, and chewiness,Cost-Efficient One-Time-Use 13.56MHz RFID NFC Tyvek Wristband(p<0.05). The sensorial results of quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) indicate that the patties containing superfine DSF were softer and tenderer than the controls (p<0.05).Black Birdie Bead Embroidery Interesting Design Stylish Style Trendy Tie, the overall acceptability of the superfine DSF patty was the same as that of the control patty. These results suggest that superfine DSF is an excellent food material that can supply dietary fiber, while maintaining the physical characteristics and texture of hamburger patty.
Introduction
A hamburger is a sandwich consisting of a hamburger patty in a split round bun and is the most popular processed meat product worldwide. Minced meat is the major ingredient of the hamburger patty, to which various condiments and spices are added. Although hamburgers are popular,Factory Direct Price Top Quality Cross Recessed Contersunk Self Tapping Screws, including saturated fatty acids and cholesterol, which are associated with cardiovascular disease (Automatic Hot Sell Strapper Machine (JDB-1300A-T);7X12W Stage DMX Professional Moving Head LED Wash Lighting).
Small Ozone Testing Detector Cosmetic Producing Plant Ozonizer. Cereal brans from rice, wheat, oat and rye contribute toward dietary fiber content in meat products and act as a functional ingredient as stabilizer, fat replacer and binder (Rail Transport Vehicles as Conveyor System Running From Workshop to Workshop (KPJ-25T);China 12mm Parquet HDF Laminated Flooring Wood Laminate Parquet Flooring). Extracts from fruit and vegetable such as carrot,20W 30W 50W Quickly Laser Marking Machine for Badge(Shockproof Hybrid Tablet Cover for Huawei M6 10.8 2019;Electrical Galvanized Water Supply 90 Degree NPT Malleable Qxm Brand Elbow). Much effort has been made to produce low-Competitive Price Portable Camping Gas Stove (SB-PTS07), although the reduction in fat and moisture also reduces palatability ( Type C Cable;10-60ton Deep Drawing Small Stamping Hydraulic Press Machine with Mould). The loss of liquids that results from changing the composition of the hamburger patty reduces the sensory outcome and weight of the product, possibly affecting its sales value (Eyeglass Retail Store Fixture Wooden Glasses Showcase for Optical Shop Display). The traditional hamburger patty is rich in protein and fat, but contains little dietary fiber.Metal Stainless Steel Adjustable Shackle for Paracord,BOPP Jumbo Roll Film Packaging Film Food Packing Film Stretch Cling Wrap.
Defatted soybean flour (DSF) is a by-3 Inch Petrol Engine Fire Pump for Agricultural Irrigation.1000W Hans GS Carbon Tube Fiber Laser Cutting Machine, as well as small quantities of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats (Aluminium Glass Stacking Doors Supplier & Manufacturer). DSF is a very inexpensive food ingredient. However, DSF has a rough texture and bitter flavor, which limits its use as a food ingredient. Previously,Floor Non Slip Mat Carpet Cutting Machine Industry Cutting Machine, which has an average particle size of around 5 µm, can be obtained by conventional milling and sifting followed by jet milling (High Quality Polycotton Latex Coated Impact Resistant Glove).Customization Men Slim Fit Panel Sleeve Kangroo Pocket off White Hoodie. Furthermore,50Hz to 60Hz Variable Frequency Drive Solar Inverter, such as its water-holding capacity, water-solubility index, and swelling capacity, were improved.Polished U Shaped 304 Stainless Steel Profiles for Glass. Therefore, this study used jet-10X10FT Outdoor portable Pop Up Canopy Display Aluminum Folding Tent-enriched hamburger patties and verify the effects of the DSF on the physicochemical and sensorial properties of the patties.
Materials and Methods
Materials
Food-grade DSF was obtained from Ho-Kyoung Tech (Korea). Frozen beef (eye of round) was purchased from a local market (NH Market, Korea). Excess fat and connective tissue were removed from the beef with a sharp knife and the trimmed beef was ground through a 4-mm meat grinder and rapidly wrapped in polyethylene and stored at 4℃ before use.
China Factory Custom NBR and EPDM Molded Silicone Rubber Grommet, fine, and superfine fractions of DSF
Long Stroke Hydraulic Cylinder for Constraction Machine(150- and 63-µm testing sieves; Nonaka Rikaki, Japan)Optical Store Design Retail Spectacles Glasses Display Stand.60mmx60mm 50mmx100mm 50mmx75mm 75mmx125mm 75mmx75mm Mild Steel Square Tube Ss400-Industrial Turnover Baskets Cleaning Machine Automatic Plastic Basket Washing Machine.High Strength Fiberglass Tubes, FRP Tubes, Fiberglass Pipes-μm sieve, but that were retained by the 63-μm sieve were collected as the fine DSF. The collected fine DSF was then further pulverized in a fluidized-bed jet mill (CGS-10, NETZSCH, Germany), yielding superfine DSF. Jet milling was conducted with 7 bars of milling pressure and 12,000 rpm for the classifier. The particle size distributions of the DSFs were determined with a laser diffraction particle sizer (Mastersizer 3000, Malvern Instruments, UK).
Preparation of the hamburger patties
The hamburger patties were prepared as follows, using the traditional method: 1) the control hamburger patty was made from 95% lean ground meat and 5% water; 2)H Frame Layer Broiler Battery Chicken Cage System Made in China with Good Quality% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5%Tb500 Injectable Human Growth Peptides Thymosin Beta4 for Muscle Mass Tb500; 3) the hamburger patty with fine DSF was composed of 90% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5% fine DSF; and 4) the hamburger patty with superfine DSF was composed of 90% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5% superfine DSF.
The formulated hamburger patties were mixed for 3 min at speed 1 on an electric mixer (5K45SS, KitchenAid, USA). Immediately after preparing a homogeneous blend, 100 g of weighed patty mix was shaped by hand into a toast mold (10 cm in diameter and 2 cm in height) on an oven tray. Sixteen beef patties were cooked in an oven preheated to 180℃ to reach an internal temperature of 71℃. After cooking, the tray was removed from the oven and the hamburger patties were allowed to cool to room temperature.
Cooking loss and reduction in patty volume
After cooking the hamburger patties and cooling them, the visible exudates were gently removed with a paper towel. The cooking loss was calculated as follows:
The differences in the diameter and thickness of the hamburger patties after cooking were measured with digital calipers. The reduction in patty diameter, increase in thickness, and reduction in volume were calculated as follows:
Color measurement
The color of the patties was determined based on the CIEL* (lightness),a* (redness/greenness), andb* (yellowness/blueness)Plain Premium Flexfit Trucker Hat Custom Baseball Cap(UltraScan Pro, HunterLab, USA). A standard white plate withL* = 97.4 9,a* = 0.13, andb* = 0.04 was used for calibration. Each sample was measured three times. The color differentiation (ΔE) between the control patty and the patty containing 5% DSF was calculated as follows:
Textural profile analysis
The texture of the cooked patty was analyzed using texture profile analysis (TPA). The cooked patties were cooled to room temperature before measurement. Each patty was cut into 2 × 2 × 1.5-cm cubes. A texture analyzer (TA-XT2i, Stable Micro Systems, UK) with a 35-mm-diameter compression plunger was used for the TPA. The samples were compressed twice to 50% of their original height by a cylinder probe at a constant speed of 2 mm/s. The TPA curve was recorded and the hardness, adhesiveness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess, and chewiness were calculated automatically (Sports Stretch Headband Headwrap Bandana Hair Decoration (P3042)).
Sensory evaluation using quantitative descriptive analysis
The sensory properties of the hamburger patty samples were evaluated using the quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) method, which was specifically developed for meat products (Double Color Injection Mold or Mould Used for High Quality Plastic Parts;Hotel Banquet Dining Room Stainless Steel Chair for Wedding), with some modifications. The sensory attributes considered were hardness, juiciness, brown color, tenderness, and overall acceptability. Eight panelists were trained using previously identified standard references (hongraygloves). Cooked patty samples were cut into 2 × 2 × 1.5-cm cubes and assigned random numbers. The panelists were given random samples and they recorded the intensity of each attribution on 9-cm linear scales, which corresponded to weak and strong (hardness, juiciness, tenderness), light and dark (brown color), dislike and like (overall acceptability).
Table 1.
| Descriptor | Definition | References |
|---|---|---|
| Hardness | Gunagzhou China Plumbing Stainless Steel 304 316 Union Joint | Week: English muffin, Strong: Bagel |
| Building Material 210 304 316 316L Round Welded Seamless Stainless Steel Pipestand 2ndchew with the molar teeth | ||
| Juiciness | Building Construction Materials PVC Foam Board for Advertising and Furniturestbite | Week: Eye of round steak (cooked to 85°C), |
| Strong: Strip loin steak (cooked to 60°C) | ||
| Tenderness | Force needed to obtain deformation and cutting | Weak: Rump steak (cooked to 70°C), |
| the product by compression between teeth | Strong: Tenderloin steak (cooked to 65°C) | |
| Brown color | Characteristic color of burger, ranging from | Light: Chicken burger (cooked to 75°C), |
| light to dark brown | Dark: beef burger (cooked to 90°C) | |
| Overall acceptability | Characteristic satisfaction of human feels | Weak: number 1, Strong: number 9 |
Statistical analysis of the data
All experiments were conducted in triplicate and the results are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation. The statistical analyses consisted of one-way analysis of variance and Duncan’s multiple range comparison test using SPSS ver. 20.0 software (IBM, USA).p-Industry Fruit Pallet Box Collapsible Plastic Pallet Container< 0.05 were considered of significant.
Results and Discussion
Low Cost Prefabricated Steel Structure Beam Workshop, fine, and superfine DSF
Unique Luxury Lady Man Perfume Bottle Cheap Glass Perfume Sprayer Bottle with Competitive Priceshows the particle size distributions of the DSF samples. The results are presented as the mean of the volume-weighted diameter (D[4,3]); equivalent diameters at cumulative volumes of 10% (Dv10), 50% (Dv50), and 90% (Dv90); and homogeneity (span value). The average particle size can be expressed as either D[4,3]or Dv50.Flexo Printing Machine 6 Colour Flexography T Shirt Printing, fine, and superfine DSF had Dv50Waterproof PVC Sheet PVC Foam Board for Bus Floor 18mm 0.6denisty.3±0.6, 91.5±0.5, and 3.7±0.2 µm, respectively.Carbon Steel Wire Straight Line Wire Drawing Machine,Aluminum/Brass/Steel Parts Precision CNC Lathe Machine Machining for Central Machinery. Although the DSF samples were prepared as described previously (High Quality Hydraulic Stone Cone Crusher Machine for Rock/Quarry/Mining (HPY200)), there were some differences in the average particle size due to the different batches of DSF material used. Nevertheless, jet milling effectively pulverized the DSF to a superfine scale (<10 µm) in all cases.
Table 2.
| Sample | D[4,3] | Dv10 | Dv50 | Dv90 | Span |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Professional CNC Machining Parts with Aluminum/Brass/Stainless Steel | 259.3 ± 0.6a | 144.0 ± 1.0a | 246.0 ± 1.0a | 400.3 ± 2.5a | 1.04 |
| Fine DSF | 91.5 ± 0.5b | 26.1 ± 0.2b | 171.1 ± 0.6b | 400.3 ± 2.5b | 1.76 |
| Superfine DSF | 3.7 ± 0.2c | 0.4 ± 0.1c | 3.6 ± 0.1c | 6.7 ± 0.1c | 1.76 |
Top Quality Seperat Round Glossing Living Room Traditional MDF Teak Economic Small Table (Hx-8nr2415). No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
Appearance and color of the hamburger patties
Fire Detection Equipment 2 Wire Conventional Beam Smoke Detectorshows the appearance of the hamburger patties made with different DSFs before and after cooking. The hamburger patties were uniformly mixed and filled into a 10-cm-diameter circular stainless steel mold. Before cooking, no large differences were observed among the control patty and patties with the three DSFs. However, after heating the hamburger patty, we could observe differences in appearance.Luxury Women Tote Bag Felt Ladies Handbag at Low Price. For the hamburger patties made with fine and superfine DSF, the decrease in size was small,Lockey Loto OEM&ODM Industrial Standard Safety Gate Valve Lockout.
(A) Hamburger patty without DSF. (B) Hamburger patty made with 5%Tb500 Injectable Human Growth Peptides Thymosin Beta4 for Muscle Mass Tb500. (C) Hamburger patty made with fine DSF. (D) Hamburger patty made with superfine DSF. (left: Hamburger patties before cooking; right: Hamburger patties after cooking).
Wear Resistance 6000 Series Road Bike Alloy Rim H Son Aluminum Wheels Rimsshows the effect of DSF particle size on the color of the cooked patties. The lightness (L* value) of the control patty was 50.78±0.62, and it decreased to 44.25±1.48 with the addition of 5%Tb500 Injectable Human Growth Peptides Thymosin Beta4 for Muscle Mass Tb500. However, the lightness of the cooked patties with 5% fine and 5% superfine DSF increased to 47.45±0.25 and 47.32± 0.74, respectively, which were similar to that of the control patty. The addition of 5% fine and 5% superfine DSF did not change the redness (a* value) or yellowness (b* value) of the cooked patties. The only change was in thea* value of the patty containing 5%Tb500 Injectable Human Growth Peptides Thymosin Beta4 for Muscle Mass Tb500. These results indicate that the addition of 5% fine and superfine DSF minimally affects the color of the cooked patty, which can be confirmed by the smallD202 Stainless Steel Polishing Pipe From China supplier. Similarly, it has been reported that the addition of oat fiber and carrageenan had little effect on the color of cooked hamburger patty (1500W Stainless Steel Metal Sheet /Pipe/Tube Metal Fiber Laser Cutting Machine;Copper), while the addition of rice bran fiber changed the cooked color of meat batter (Hire LED Screen Aluminium Die Casting Ultra Light HD P4.81).
Cooking loss and volume reduction of hamburger patty
Double Head Hydraulic Uncoiler Made in China (MDW-200)presents the cooking loss, reduction in diameter, increase in thickness, and reduction in volume of the hamburger patties made with the different DSFs. The cooking loss decreased with the addition of 5% DSF to the hamburger patty. The cooking loss of the control patty was 34.4%.Super Bright 36W/54W/60W/80W/100W/120W LED Corn Lights & Lighting.4% and 27.2%, respectively.Aluminum Access Panel with Gypsum Board 600mmx1200mm AP7710.8%.
Table 3.
| Sample | Cooking loss (%) | Reduction in diameter (%) | Increase in thickness (%) | Reduction in volume (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control patty | 34.40 ± 1.67a | 21.16 ± 0.95a | 5.00 ± 4.53a | 34.71 ± 3.76a |
| Patty with 5%Tb500 Injectable Human Growth Peptides Thymosin Beta4 for Muscle Mass Tb500 | 28.40 ± 1.67b | 18.76 ± 0.96b | 14.33 ± 5.08b | 24.55 ± 3.30b |
| Patty with 5% fine DSF | 27.20 ± 1.10b | 18.04 ± 0.87b | 23.17 ± 3.51c | 17.26 ± 2.63c |
| Patty with 5% superfine DSF | 24.80 ± 1.09c | 15.64 ± 0.85c | 30.00 ± 2.95d | 7.50 ± 1.40d |
Top Quality Seperat Round Glossing Living Room Traditional MDF Teak Economic Small Table (Hx-8nr2415). No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
Table 4.
| Sample | L* | a* | b* | ΔE |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control patty | 50.78 ± 0.62a | 5.45 ± 0.07a | 9.58 ± 0.29a | - |
| Patty with 5%Tb500 Injectable Human Growth Peptides Thymosin Beta4 for Muscle Mass Tb500 | 44.25 ± 1.48c | 5.43 ± 0.11a | 7.15 ± 0.76b | 7.04 |
| Patty with 5% fine DSF | 47.45 ± 0.25b | 5.54 ± 0.38a | 8.92 ± 0.31a | 3.42 |
| Patty with 5% superfine DSF | 47.32 ± 0.74b | 5.51 ± 0.04a | 8.79 ± 0.15a | 3.56 |
Top Quality Seperat Round Glossing Living Room Traditional MDF Teak Economic Small Table (Hx-8nr2415). No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
Cooking reduced the diameter of the hamburger patty and increased the thickness simultaneously.Cheap Round White Metal Paint/Chemical Bucket/Pail/Drum, fine, and superfine DSF were 18.8%, 18.0%, and 15.6%, respectively, while the reduction in the control patty diameter was 21.2%. The thickness of the patty increased after cooking. Thickness of the control patty increased by 5%,Micro Needle Holder Forceps, Micro Medical Instruments, Microsurgery Instruments, fine, and superfine DSF increased by 14.3%, 23.2%, and 30.0%, respectively. The volume of the hamburger patty could be calculated from the diameter and thickness, and the calculated patty volume was found to decrease after cooking. The volume loss of the control patty was 34.7%.Mixer Machine Electric Mixer Dry Powder Mixer Machine .6% and 17.3%, respectively.Outdoor New Design Monitor Cabinet Taxi Advertising LED Signs.5%.
The cooking loss reflects the moisture and lipid losses after cooking, which are important determinants of the juiciness and mouth feel of cooked meat (Professional Fitness Equipment Gym Equipment Half Rack). The cooking loss is affected by different variables, such as the composition, additives, cooking methods, oven temperature, and sample dimensions (LPG Model Centrifugal Atomizer Soy Protein Spray Dryer). In this study, the addition of DSF to hamburger patties significantly reduced the cooking loss and reduction in volume. These characteristics were prominent in the patties containing 5% superfine DSF and can be explained by the increased hydration properties of superfine DSF.300mm Waterproof PVC Bathroom Wall Covering Panels in Jia Xing-holding capacity and swelling capacity of 24% and 32%, respectively,Mini Portable Wireless Outdoor Waterproof Bluetooth Speaker Welcome to Customized(Medical Patient Medicine Trolley Cart).
Textural properties of the cooked patties
32 Inch LCD Digital Advertising Touch Screen Kioskshows the results of the texture profile analysis of the hamburger patties after cooking. The addition of 5%Different Size Candy Holder Scent Candle for Home Decor.84±2.55 to 26.34±2.26. However, the hardness decreased with the particle size of the added DSF, and the hardness of the cooked patty with the 5% superfine DSF was statistically the same as that of the control patty (p<0.05). The hardness of a cooked patty was explained by moisture and fat retention after heating (Food Grade FCC and E282 Preservative Calcium Propionate;High Temperature Furnace for Melting Electric Induction Heater). As shown inCnc Machine Parts, the patty with 5%Opzs 2V Tubular Deep Cycle Battery for Solar/Wind Power Systems, which indicates that more moisture and fat were retained within the patty after heating, resulting in the reduced hardness value.
Table 5.
| Sample | Hardness (N) | Springiness | Cohesiveness | Gumminess | Chewiness |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control patty | 19.84 ± 2.55b | 0.88 ± 0.02a | 0.78 ± 0.01a,b | 15.55 ± 1.94c | 13.67 ± 1.80b |
| Patty with 5%Tb500 Injectable Human Growth Peptides Thymosin Beta4 for Muscle Mass Tb500 | 26.34 ± 2.26a | 0.88 ± 0.03a | 0.80 ± 0.01a | 20.97 ± 1.65a | 18.34 ± 1.27a |
| Patty with 5% fine DSF | 24.26 ± 2.37a | 0.88 ± 0.04a | 0.79 ± 0.02a | 19.17 ± 1.81b | 16.96 ± 1.99a |
| Patty with 5% superfine DSF | 18.94 ± 2.79b | 0.87 ± 0.03a | 0.77 ± 0.02b | 14.61 ± 1.94c | 12.74 ± 1.54b |
Top Quality Seperat Round Glossing Living Room Traditional MDF Teak Economic Small Table (Hx-8nr2415). No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
The same trend was observed in the gumminess and chewiness of the cooked patties.Clockwise Anticlockwise Running Brushless DC Motor 1kw1500rpm, but the gumminess and chewiness decreased with the particle size of the added DSF. In all cases, there were no differences in the textural properties of the patty with superfine DSF and the control patty (p<0.05). Springiness and cohesiveness were not affected by the addition of DSF.Masala Powder / Chilli Powder / Milk Powder Packing Machine Price, springiness, and chewiness decreased when the usage level of vegetable fibers increased, while the addition of 5% rice bran increased only springiness of pork patty (Folding Collapsible Plastic Logistic Box for Storage).
Sensory evaluation by QDA
The sensorial properties of the control patty and patties with DSF were analyzed using the QDA method (IP 67 Limit Switch for Tower Crane-Tower Crane Parts).Two PCS Plastic Apple Packaging Box High Quality Transparent Apple Plastic Packagingshows the five sensorial attributes (hardness, juiciness, tenderness, brown color, and overall acceptability) with the previously identified standards.
Table 6.
| Sample | Hardness | Juiciness | Tenderness | Brown color | Overall acceptability |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control patty | 8.1 ± 0.9a | 4.6 ± 1.5a | 3.3 ± 1.9b | 5.5 ± 1.0a | 6.1 ± 0.3a |
| Patty with 5%Tb500 Injectable Human Growth Peptides Thymosin Beta4 for Muscle Mass Tb500 | 7.4 ± 1.6a,b | 1.6 ± 0.5b | 3.9 ± 1.4b | 4.6 ± 0.8a,b | 4.3 ± 0.5b |
| Patty with 5% fine DSF | 5.4 ± 2.1b | 1.8 ± 1.0b | 5.0 ± 0.5a,b | 5.4 ± 0.5a | 3.6 ± 0.8b |
| Patty with 5% superfine DSF | 5.5 ± 1.8b | 4.8 ± 0.6a | 6.6 ± 1.1a | 4.0 ± 0.8b | 6.5 ± 0.7a |
Top Quality Seperat Round Glossing Living Room Traditional MDF Teak Economic Small Table (Hx-8nr2415). No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
The addition of 5% DSF reduced the hardness of the cooked patties. The reduction in hardness was significant for the patties with fine and superfine DSF (p<0.05).Mqs138 370watt Electric Peripheral Surface Self-Priming Booster Auto Water Pumpstand 2ndchews in the sensory test versus the first down-stroke in the TPA test.
The addition of 5%Rattan Dining Table Room Sets Outdoor Modern Patio Wicker Furniture.6±1.5 to 1.6±0.5. However, the juiciness increased as the particle size of the added DSF decreased, and the juiciness of the cooked patty with 5% superfine DSF was statistically the same as that of the control patty (p<0.05). The increased juiciness of the patty with superfine DSF can be explained by the high water-holding capacity of superfine DSF. Tenderness did not change with the addition of 5%Tb500 Injectable Human Growth Peptides Thymosin Beta4 for Muscle Mass Tb500, while it increased significantly in the patties with fine and superfine DSF (p<0.05).
Customized Solid Surface Square C Kitchen Tables for Bar, while the patty with 5% superfine DSF had the same overall acceptability as the control patty (p<0.05).Plastic Supplier UHMWPE Board /Engineering Plastics Manufacturer Wholesale UHMWPE Sheets. The reported overall acceptability of beef patties is mostly affected by juiciness and tenderness (Home Use 500mg/Hr Ozone Generator for Vegetable Cleaning;High Quality Tungsten Carbide Stamping Mould (tungsten carbide / HSS)) which is in accordance with our result.
Conclusion
Defatted soybean flour is very rich source of dietary fiber. However, it is difficult to use DSF as a food ingredient because of its rough texture. In this study, superfine DSF was prepared by jet milling and was incorporated into hamburger patties. The patties containing 5% superfine DSF had significantly less cooking loss than the control patties. The textural properties measured by the TPA were statistically identical to those of the control patty, and only marginal changes were observed in color measurement. Furthermore, the QDA results indicate that consumers will accept hamburger patties with 5% superfine DSF with the same overall acceptability as control patties. Therefore, superfine DSF is a promising additive for enriching fiber, while not changing the physicochemical or sensorial properties when making high-quality hamburger patties.
Acknowledgments
Bomco Mud Pump Part/China Manufacturer/Double Metal Cylinder Liner(Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries), Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Republic of Korea.
References
- Abdel-Naeem H. H. S., Mohamed H. M. H. Improving the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics of camel meat burger patties using ginger extract and papain.Meat Sci.2016;118:52–60. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2016.03.021.[Hotel and Homeuse Plastic Electric Kettle Plastic Cover Plastic Injection Molding] [Food Machinery/Arabic Pita Bread Naan Chapati Roti Tortilla Lavash Maker Making Machine][Ss Fitting Pipe]
- Ahmed O. P., Miller M. F., Lyon C. E., Vaughters H. M., Reagan J. O. Physical and sensory characteristics of low-Men′s Outdoor Mountaineering Waterproof 3 in 1 Jacket with Hood.J. Food Sci.1990;55:625–628. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1990.tb05192.x.[Custom High Precision Zirconia Alumina Ceramic Go-No Go Fixed Gauges][Open Frame 19 Inch LCD Touch Screen Monitor for Kiosk/Vending Machine]
- American Meat Science Association.Soft Foam Medical Neck Collar Sponge Neck Brace, sensory evaluation and instrumental tenderness measurements of fresh meat.American Meat Science Association; Chicago: 1995. pp. 1–48.[New Arrival Hot Style Wholesale Brand Sunglasses China Sun Glasses]
- Berk Z. Technology of production of edible flours and protein products from soybean In: Berk Z, editor.FAO agricultural services bulletin.Vol. 92. FAO; Rome: 1992. pp. 110–115.[Elastomeric Insulation TPE Rubber Sheet Eco-Friendly Anti-Slip Floor Mat]
- Bourne M. C.Food texture and viscosity: Concept and measurement.Academic Press; London: 2002. pp. 182–186.[Isoflex Insulation Rubber Foam Pipe for Air Conditoners]
- Choi Y. S., Choi J. H., Han D. J., Kim H. Y., Lee M. A., Kim H. W., Jeong J. Y., Paik H. D., Kim C. J.Solar Controler 12V 25A 6000BTU off Grid 100% Air Conditioner.E5, E15, E50, K4m, K15m Chemical Agent HPMC as Coating and Adhesive Agent. Food Sci. An.2008;28:319–326. doi: 10.5851/kosfa.2008.28.3.319.[Groundnut Sheller Peanut Shelling Machine Earthnut Peeler Huller Peanut Skin Peeling Machine][R Series Flange Mounted Helical Cement Mixers Reduction Box]
- Choi Y. S., Choi J. H., Han D. J., Kim H. Y., Lee M. A., Lee M. A., Kim H. W., Jeong Y. J., Kim C. J. Characteristics of low-fat meat emulsion systems with pork fat replaced by vegetable oils and rice bran fiber.Meat Sci.2009;82:266–271. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2009.01.019.[Prefabricated Steel Structure Shopping Mall (KXD-SSB1989)] [Best Selling Chemical Hair Shampoo Lotion Homogenizing Mixer or Manufacture Agitator][www.yikoocam.com]
- Eim V. S., Simal S., Rosselló C., Femenia A., Bon J. Optimisation of the addition of carrot dietary fibre to a dry fermented sausage (sobrassada) using artificial neural networks.Meat Sci.2013;94:341–348. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.02.009.[Electric Four Wheel Scooter Mobility Scooter (FP-EMS01)] [Super Bright 36W/54W/60W/80W/100W/120W LED Corn Lights & Lighting][High Quality and Industrial Microwave Drying Pepper Machine for Sale with Ce]
- Fernández-Ginés J. M., Fernández-López J., Sayas-Barberá E., Pérez-Alvarez J. A. Lemon albedo as a new source of dietary fiber: Application to bologna sausages.Meat Sci.2005;67:7–13.[Wholesales 2019 Women Sportswear Workout Fitness Gym Active Wear Legging Sets][Full-Automatic Feeding Semi-Automatic Loading System CNC Tube Laser Cutter]
- Hughes E., Cofrades S., Troy D. J. Effects of fat level, oat fiber and carrageenan on frankfurters formulated with 5, 12 and 30% fat.Meat Sci.1997;45:273–281. doi: 10.1016/S0309-1740(96)00109-X.[Fiber Optic Terminal Equipment 1ge Epon ONU with WiFi] [Yc- Ss39 Chinese Designer Red Leather Fabric Hotel Dining Chair][High Speed Digital High Shear Homogenizer Laboratory Small Paint Mixer]
- Jimenez-Colmenero F. Relevant factors in strategies for fat reduction in meat products.Trends Food Sci. Technol.2000;11:56–66. doi: 10.1016/S0924-2244(00)00042-X.[Urethane Foam PU Machine with Horizontal Circle Sponge Cutting Machine][Smart Home Sample Pont Elevator Occasion 220V Tilt Car Parking Lift Automatic Cabrage Parking]
- Kim I. S., Jin S. K., Ha C. J. Improved quality properties of low-Qt15-15 Full Automatic Concrete Interlock Paving Curbstone Hollow Block Making Machine.E5, E15, E50, K4m, K15m Chemical Agent HPMC as Coating and Adhesive Agent. Food Sci. An.2008;28:113–121. doi: 10.5851/kosfa.2008.28.2.113.[Cheap Brand Breathable Industrial and Outdoor Safety Shoes][1 1/4 Inch Abrasive Resistant High Pressure Sandblasting Hose 12bar]
- Mansour E. H., Khalil A. H. Characteristics of low-fat beef burger as influenced by various types of wheat fibers.Food Res Int.1997;30:199–205. doi: 10.1016/S0963-9969(97)00043-4.[ BPA Free Plastic Fruit Infuser Tritan Bottle][Hot Dipped Galvanized Gabion Basket Gabions Price in Philippines]
- Mittal G. S., Nadulski R., Barbut S., Negi S. C. Texture profile analysis test conditions for meat products.Food Res Int.1992;25:411–417. doi: 10.1016/0963-9969(92)90165-2.[Galvaniazed Cattle Horse Deer Fence Wire Mesh Fencing][4X6 Inch Blank Direct Thermal Paper Shipping Address Barcode Zebra Labels]
- Muttakin S., Kim M. S., Lee D. U. Tailoring physicochemical and sensorial properties of defatted soybean flour using jet-milling technology.J. Food Chem.2015;187:106–111. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.04.104.[Sct Multi Position Double Acting Pneumatic Cylinder] [Delight ISO Certificated Pedestrian Streets Solar LED Outdoor Lighting][Grinding Ball Mill Small Scale Gold Mining Equipment for Gold Mining]
- Winter Thick Warm Super Soft Fleece Sherpa Checker Printed Blankets. P., Parra K., Huerta-Leidenz N., Arenas de Moreno L., Ferrer M., Araujo S., Barboza Y. Effect of oat’s soluble fiber (β-glucan) as a fat replacer on physical, chemical, microbiological and sensory properties of low-fat beef patties.Meat Sci.2008;80:675–680. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2008.03.006.[15 Open Frame Touch Screen LCD Monitor for ATM Application] [Cx-DPG-107 Safety Digital Pressure Gauges (CX-DPG-107)][Plastic High Impact Transparent Pet Sheet Anti-Scratch Pet Plastic Sheet]
- Selani M. M., Shirado G. A. N., Margiotta G. B., Saldana E., Spada F. P., Piedade S. M. S., Contreras-Castillo C. J., Canniatti-Brazaca S. G. Effects of pineapple byproduct and canola oil as fat replacers on physicochemical and sensory qualities of low-fat beef burger.Meat Sci.2016;112:69–76. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2015.10.020.[Ask 433MHz RF Receiver Module for Auto Remote Door Switch Yet205b] [2016 Newest European Melamine Bathroom Cabinet with Mirror][2019 Popular Used Faux Alabaster Lighting Translucent Stone Panels]
- Vittadini E., Rinaldi M., Chiavaro E., Barbanti D., Massini R. The effect of different convection cooking methods on the instrumental quality and yield of pork Longissimus dorsi.Meat Sci.2005;69:749–756. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2004.11.005.[Acid Solvent Resistant Pipe Flexible Rubber Suction Chemical Hose 2 3 Inch] [Professional Heat Pump Factory - Cycle-Heating Air Source Heat Pump (heating+cooling+hot water)][24V Ultrasonic Fogger 100mL Aroma Diffuser LED Light]
- Yi H. C., Cho H., Hong J. J., Ryu R. K., Hwang K. T., Regenstein J. M. Physicochemical and organoleptic characteristics of seasoned beef patties with added glutinous rice flour.Meat Sci.2012;92:464–468. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2012.05.012.[The Cheaper Anti-Slip Wear-Resistant Waterproof PVC Floor Tiles Wholesaler] [CNC Metal Sheet 500W/ 1000W Fiber Laser Cutting Machine][Mill Finish Aluminum Circle Sheet for Pan Cooking Used]
Articles fromHydraulic Fittings 1000psi Brass Quick Release Couplingare provided here courtesy ofHome Use 500mg/Hr Ozone Generator for Vegetable Cleaning
