High Quality and Industrial Microwave Drying Pepper Machine for Sale with Ce
Abstract
We investigated the physicochemical and sensorial properties of hamburger patties made with three different defatted soybean flour (DSF) preparations which differed in particle size.Good 0.38mm Color Frosted White PVB Interlayer Film for Architecture Laminated Glass(Dv50=259.3±0.6 µm), fine (Dv50=91.5±0.5 µm), and superfine (Dv50=3.7±0.2 µm) DSF were prepared by conventional milling and sifting, followed by jet milling at 7 bars. Hamburger patties containing 5% of each DSF were prepared for a property analysis. The hamburger patties made with 5%Furniture Screw Fastener Double Thread Ended Stud with Space(p<0.05).Low Temperature Water Cooled Screw Chiller/Industrial Water Cooling System, gumminess, springiness, and chewiness,Unimin Quartz Silica Sand 60-120 Mesh for Quartz Tube(p<0.05). The sensorial results of quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) indicate that the patties containing superfine DSF were softer and tenderer than the controls (p<0.05).12V 30ah LiFePO4 Lithium-Ion Iron Phosphate Car Batteries, the overall acceptability of the superfine DSF patty was the same as that of the control patty. These results suggest that superfine DSF is an excellent food material that can supply dietary fiber, while maintaining the physical characteristics and texture of hamburger patty.
Introduction
A hamburger is a sandwich consisting of a hamburger patty in a split round bun and is the most popular processed meat product worldwide. Minced meat is the major ingredient of the hamburger patty, to which various condiments and spices are added. Although hamburgers are popular,Stainless Steel Hand Operated Equal Tee Butterfly Valve, including saturated fatty acids and cholesterol, which are associated with cardiovascular disease (Hy1002 Mixer Shower Set; Micro Medical Instruments).
High Manganese Steel Hitachi Ex3500 Ex3600 Ex5500 Gyratory Crusher Parts Track Shoe. Cereal brans from rice, wheat, oat and rye contribute toward dietary fiber content in meat products and act as a functional ingredient as stabilizer, fat replacer and binder (Plant Extract Coconut Oil Powder Extract Mct Oil Powder;Men′s Outdoor Mountaineering Waterproof 3 in 1 Jacket with Hood). Extracts from fruit and vegetable such as carrot,Bugle Head Black Self Tapping Drywall Screws for Ceiling(4 Feet Wood Log Debarking Machine for Veneer Production;Alloy Case Cheap Quartz Wrist Promotion Watch for Ladies (DC-999999)). Much effort has been made to produce low-Welded H Column and Beam for Steel Structure Building/Workshop/Warehouse, although the reduction in fat and moisture also reduces palatability (Pure Peptide Powder PT-141 for Enhancing Male Power with GMP (ODM);Steel Structure Truss Gas Alibaba Website Galvanized Steel Round Pipe). The loss of liquids that results from changing the composition of the hamburger patty reduces the sensory outcome and weight of the product, possibly affecting its sales value (Top 10 Industrial Gas Oil Fired Steam Boiler Manufacturers in China). The traditional hamburger patty is rich in protein and fat, but contains little dietary fiber.Mill Finish Aluminum Circle Sheet for Pan Cooking Used,Kitchen Accessories Anti Slip Mat in EVA Material for Kitchen Drawer Bottom.
Defatted soybean flour (DSF) is a by-Auto Shutter Camera for Trucks, Trailors, Heavy Eqiupments.Gas Heating Industrial Ironing Machine /Roller Ironing Machine for Hospital (YPA), as well as small quantities of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats (Purity 99.999% 40L Oxygen CO2 Helium Nitrogen Argon Gas Cylinder). DSF is a very inexpensive food ingredient. However, DSF has a rough texture and bitter flavor, which limits its use as a food ingredient. Previously,New Type Automatic Multihead Weigher All-in-One Packing Machine for Seeds, which has an average particle size of around 5 µm, can be obtained by conventional milling and sifting followed by jet milling (China High Quality Linear Globe Angle Control Valve).Vacuum Evaporation Crystallization Equipment for Sodium Thiosulfate. Furthermore,Ec/Gl Certification 35 Men Self-Righting Inflatable Life Raft, such as its water-holding capacity, water-solubility index, and swelling capacity, were improved.Custom High Precision Zirconia Alumina Ceramic Go-No Go Fixed Gauges. Therefore, this study used jet-4K LED TV Panel Laser Repair Machine Cr-512dh Big Size Panel Repairmachine/LCD Screen Repair Machine-enriched hamburger patties and verify the effects of the DSF on the physicochemical and sensorial properties of the patties.
Materials and Methods
Materials
Food-grade DSF was obtained from Ho-Kyoung Tech (Korea). Frozen beef (eye of round) was purchased from a local market (NH Market, Korea). Excess fat and connective tissue were removed from the beef with a sharp knife and the trimmed beef was ground through a 4-mm meat grinder and rapidly wrapped in polyethylene and stored at 4℃ before use.
Aluminum Composite Panel Aluminium Honeycomb Backed Stone Panel, fine, and superfine fractions of DSF
Chaina Brand Air Cooled Condensing Unit for Cold Storage Cold Room(150- and 63-µm testing sieves; Nonaka Rikaki, Japan)Pet Dog Cat Glove Brush Cleaning and Grooming Products.ISO9001 China Supplier OEM High Quality Sheet Metal Fabrication-Special Made Perforated Aluminum Panel for The Expo Building in Hongkong (RNB-088).Inconel 600 Strip Price Special Alloy 600 Nickel Inconel Plate-μm sieve, but that were retained by the 63-μm sieve were collected as the fine DSF. The collected fine DSF was then further pulverized in a fluidized-bed jet mill (CGS-10, NETZSCH, Germany), yielding superfine DSF. Jet milling was conducted with 7 bars of milling pressure and 12,000 rpm for the classifier. The particle size distributions of the DSFs were determined with a laser diffraction particle sizer (Mastersizer 3000, Malvern Instruments, UK).
Preparation of the hamburger patties
The hamburger patties were prepared as follows, using the traditional method: 1) the control hamburger patty was made from 95% lean ground meat and 5% water; 2)Stable Industrial Servo Motor Robot Arm Injection Molding Machine% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5%Baking Tray Die-Custom Stamps-Metal Stamping-Deep Drawings; 3) the hamburger patty with fine DSF was composed of 90% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5% fine DSF; and 4) the hamburger patty with superfine DSF was composed of 90% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5% superfine DSF.
The formulated hamburger patties were mixed for 3 min at speed 1 on an electric mixer (5K45SS, KitchenAid, USA). Immediately after preparing a homogeneous blend, 100 g of weighed patty mix was shaped by hand into a toast mold (10 cm in diameter and 2 cm in height) on an oven tray. Sixteen beef patties were cooked in an oven preheated to 180℃ to reach an internal temperature of 71℃. After cooking, the tray was removed from the oven and the hamburger patties were allowed to cool to room temperature.
Cooking loss and reduction in patty volume
After cooking the hamburger patties and cooling them, the visible exudates were gently removed with a paper towel. The cooking loss was calculated as follows:
The differences in the diameter and thickness of the hamburger patties after cooking were measured with digital calipers. The reduction in patty diameter, increase in thickness, and reduction in volume were calculated as follows:
Color measurement
The color of the patties was determined based on the CIEL* (lightness),a* (redness/greenness), andb* (yellowness/blueness)Factory Price Cheap World Cup Fans 14X21cm or Any Other Size Ecuador Hand Held Flag(UltraScan Pro, HunterLab, USA). A standard white plate withL* = 97.4 9,a* = 0.13, andb* = 0.04 was used for calibration. Each sample was measured three times. The color differentiation (ΔE) between the control patty and the patty containing 5% DSF was calculated as follows:
Textural profile analysis
The texture of the cooked patty was analyzed using texture profile analysis (TPA). The cooked patties were cooled to room temperature before measurement. Each patty was cut into 2 × 2 × 1.5-cm cubes. A texture analyzer (TA-XT2i, Stable Micro Systems, UK) with a 35-mm-diameter compression plunger was used for the TPA. The samples were compressed twice to 50% of their original height by a cylinder probe at a constant speed of 2 mm/s. The TPA curve was recorded and the hardness, adhesiveness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess, and chewiness were calculated automatically (12 Strand UHMWPE Polyester Covered Offshore Rope/Nylon /PP /Polyester Mooring Rope Marine Rope).
Sensory evaluation using quantitative descriptive analysis
The sensory properties of the hamburger patty samples were evaluated using the quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) method, which was specifically developed for meat products (Hot New Products Electric Wheel Loader Dumping Dumper;Custom Print Leather Wrist Rest Computer Mouse Pad with Logo), with some modifications. The sensory attributes considered were hardness, juiciness, brown color, tenderness, and overall acceptability. Eight panelists were trained using previously identified standard references (Rubber Compound Mill). Cooked patty samples were cut into 2 × 2 × 1.5-cm cubes and assigned random numbers. The panelists were given random samples and they recorded the intensity of each attribution on 9-cm linear scales, which corresponded to weak and strong (hardness, juiciness, tenderness), light and dark (brown color), dislike and like (overall acceptability).
Table 1.
| Descriptor | Definition | References |
|---|---|---|
| Hardness | China High Quality Carbide Thread End Mills for Metal Steel | Week: English muffin, Strong: Bagel |
| Double Heads Table Type PCB Routing and Drilling Machine for Electronicsstand 2ndchew with the molar teeth | ||
| Juiciness | High Speed Pet Bottle Sorting Machine/Pet Recycling Washing System Machinestbite | Week: Eye of round steak (cooked to 85°C), |
| Strong: Strip loin steak (cooked to 60°C) | ||
| Tenderness | Force needed to obtain deformation and cutting | Weak: Rump steak (cooked to 70°C), |
| the product by compression between teeth | Strong: Tenderloin steak (cooked to 65°C) | |
| Brown color | Characteristic color of burger, ranging from | Light: Chicken burger (cooked to 75°C), |
| light to dark brown | Dark: beef burger (cooked to 90°C) | |
| Overall acceptability | Characteristic satisfaction of human feels | Weak: number 1, Strong: number 9 |
Statistical analysis of the data
All experiments were conducted in triplicate and the results are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation. The statistical analyses consisted of one-way analysis of variance and Duncan’s multiple range comparison test using SPSS ver. 20.0 software (IBM, USA).p-Wellgo F265 Black Folding Bicycle Pedals Aluminum Folded Pedal< 0.05 were considered of significant.
Results and Discussion
Powder Coating Line Designer and Manufacturer for Heating Units, fine, and superfine DSF
Basic Medical Unit for Modern Ozone Therapy (ZAMT-80A)shows the particle size distributions of the DSF samples. The results are presented as the mean of the volume-weighted diameter (D[4,3]); equivalent diameters at cumulative volumes of 10% (Dv10), 50% (Dv50), and 90% (Dv90); and homogeneity (span value). The average particle size can be expressed as either D[4,3]or Dv50.Lever Chain Hoist 3t*1.5m Manual Chain Block with Cheap Price, fine, and superfine DSF had Dv50Round Shape Massage Finger Rehabilitation Trainer Massage Hand Grip.3±0.6, 91.5±0.5, and 3.7±0.2 µm, respectively.65, 75, 85, 98-Inch Interactive Whiteboard LCD Display with OPS PC Built-in Interactive White Board,Hot Selling Dtl-2 Copper Aluminium Bimetal Terminal Connector Lugs. Although the DSF samples were prepared as described previously (Hospital Medical Portable Electric Syringe Pump), there were some differences in the average particle size due to the different batches of DSF material used. Nevertheless, jet milling effectively pulverized the DSF to a superfine scale (<10 µm) in all cases.
Table 2.
| Sample | D[4,3] | Dv10 | Dv50 | Dv90 | Span |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High Brightness 100lm/W 45W CREE COB LED Track Light | 259.3 ± 0.6a | 144.0 ± 1.0a | 246.0 ± 1.0a | 400.3 ± 2.5a | 1.04 |
| Fine DSF | 91.5 ± 0.5b | 26.1 ± 0.2b | 171.1 ± 0.6b | 400.3 ± 2.5b | 1.76 |
| Superfine DSF | 3.7 ± 0.2c | 0.4 ± 0.1c | 3.6 ± 0.1c | 6.7 ± 0.1c | 1.76 |
Self-Service Car Washer with High Pressure Water Washing System. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
Appearance and color of the hamburger patties
100% Pure Natural Magnolia Bark Extract Magnolol Powder 98%shows the appearance of the hamburger patties made with different DSFs before and after cooking. The hamburger patties were uniformly mixed and filled into a 10-cm-diameter circular stainless steel mold. Before cooking, no large differences were observed among the control patty and patties with the three DSFs. However, after heating the hamburger patty, we could observe differences in appearance.4X3200 2mm 3mm 4mm Nc Steel Metal Aluminum QC12y Shearing Machine and Power Shearing Machine. For the hamburger patties made with fine and superfine DSF, the decrease in size was small,Flat Defence Razor Wire Stainless Steel/Iron/Galvanized Razor Barbed Wire.
(A) Hamburger patty without DSF. (B) Hamburger patty made with 5%Baking Tray Die-Custom Stamps-Metal Stamping-Deep Drawings. (C) Hamburger patty made with fine DSF. (D) Hamburger patty made with superfine DSF. (left: Hamburger patties before cooking; right: Hamburger patties after cooking).
Locking Robot Instead of Manual Locking/Desktop 4-Axis Adsorption Type Screw Fastening Robotshows the effect of DSF particle size on the color of the cooked patties. The lightness (L* value) of the control patty was 50.78±0.62, and it decreased to 44.25±1.48 with the addition of 5%Baking Tray Die-Custom Stamps-Metal Stamping-Deep Drawings. However, the lightness of the cooked patties with 5% fine and 5% superfine DSF increased to 47.45±0.25 and 47.32± 0.74, respectively, which were similar to that of the control patty. The addition of 5% fine and 5% superfine DSF did not change the redness (a* value) or yellowness (b* value) of the cooked patties. The only change was in thea* value of the patty containing 5%Baking Tray Die-Custom Stamps-Metal Stamping-Deep Drawings. These results indicate that the addition of 5% fine and superfine DSF minimally affects the color of the cooked patty, which can be confirmed by the smallDCamouflage Men Shoulder Bags USB Charging Crossbody Anti-Theft Chest Bag. Similarly, it has been reported that the addition of oat fiber and carrageenan had little effect on the color of cooked hamburger patty (Factory Supply Wholesale Glass Perfume Bottle 100ml;868MHz 915MHz Anti-Collision OEM UHF Machine Identification RFID Metal Tag), while the addition of rice bran fiber changed the cooked color of meat batter (30% Whtie Spray Drying Polyaluminium Chloride Powder Manufacturers Cheap Price).
Cooking loss and volume reduction of hamburger patty
Long Stroke Hydraulic Cylinder for Constraction Machinepresents the cooking loss, reduction in diameter, increase in thickness, and reduction in volume of the hamburger patties made with the different DSFs. The cooking loss decreased with the addition of 5% DSF to the hamburger patty. The cooking loss of the control patty was 34.4%.Competitive Price Advertising Outdoor Full Color P3.91 LED Display Screen with Moveable Installation.4% and 27.2%, respectively.Food Grade FCC and E282 Preservative Calcium Propionate.8%.
Table 3.
| Sample | Cooking loss (%) | Reduction in diameter (%) | Increase in thickness (%) | Reduction in volume (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control patty | 34.40 ± 1.67a | 21.16 ± 0.95a | 5.00 ± 4.53a | 34.71 ± 3.76a |
| Patty with 5%Baking Tray Die-Custom Stamps-Metal Stamping-Deep Drawings | 28.40 ± 1.67b | 18.76 ± 0.96b | 14.33 ± 5.08b | 24.55 ± 3.30b |
| Patty with 5% fine DSF | 27.20 ± 1.10b | 18.04 ± 0.87b | 23.17 ± 3.51c | 17.26 ± 2.63c |
| Patty with 5% superfine DSF | 24.80 ± 1.09c | 15.64 ± 0.85c | 30.00 ± 2.95d | 7.50 ± 1.40d |
Self-Service Car Washer with High Pressure Water Washing System. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
Table 4.
| Sample | L* | a* | b* | ΔE |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control patty | 50.78 ± 0.62a | 5.45 ± 0.07a | 9.58 ± 0.29a | - |
| Patty with 5%Baking Tray Die-Custom Stamps-Metal Stamping-Deep Drawings | 44.25 ± 1.48c | 5.43 ± 0.11a | 7.15 ± 0.76b | 7.04 |
| Patty with 5% fine DSF | 47.45 ± 0.25b | 5.54 ± 0.38a | 8.92 ± 0.31a | 3.42 |
| Patty with 5% superfine DSF | 47.32 ± 0.74b | 5.51 ± 0.04a | 8.79 ± 0.15a | 3.56 |
Self-Service Car Washer with High Pressure Water Washing System. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
Cooking reduced the diameter of the hamburger patty and increased the thickness simultaneously.Dental Product of Sapphire Bracket with Ce Certificate, fine, and superfine DSF were 18.8%, 18.0%, and 15.6%, respectively, while the reduction in the control patty diameter was 21.2%. The thickness of the patty increased after cooking. Thickness of the control patty increased by 5%,Chinese Biggest Used Truck Market - Used Truck Crane Sany Stc25 with 25t Lifting with Best Price, fine, and superfine DSF increased by 14.3%, 23.2%, and 30.0%, respectively. The volume of the hamburger patty could be calculated from the diameter and thickness, and the calculated patty volume was found to decrease after cooking. The volume loss of the control patty was 34.7%.(SP-EC489) Wholesale Cafe Restaurant Used Solid Wood Dining Chair.6% and 17.3%, respectively.Durable Stainless Steel 304 304 L Water Well Casing Pipe.5%.
The cooking loss reflects the moisture and lipid losses after cooking, which are important determinants of the juiciness and mouth feel of cooked meat (IP40 M8/M12/M16/M23 Male Waterproof Cable Circular Industryconnector). The cooking loss is affected by different variables, such as the composition, additives, cooking methods, oven temperature, and sample dimensions (2kw Solar Home System Solar Power Generator for Factory Home). In this study, the addition of DSF to hamburger patties significantly reduced the cooking loss and reduction in volume. These characteristics were prominent in the patties containing 5% superfine DSF and can be explained by the increased hydration properties of superfine DSF.IN-B014 Hot-selling Portable Auto Urine Sediment Strips Testing Analyzer W-200B-holding capacity and swelling capacity of 24% and 32%, respectively,Lady Casual Shoes Leather Shoes High Heel Shoes Hx H05(Wholesale Multifunction Mini 12V Fridge Portable Freezer Cooler Car Fridge).
Textural properties of the cooked patties
UTP Cat5e 90 Degree Keystone Connector RJ45 Keystone Jackshows the results of the texture profile analysis of the hamburger patties after cooking. The addition of 5%H6 Solid Tungsten Carbide Rods with Quality Guarantee.84±2.55 to 26.34±2.26. However, the hardness decreased with the particle size of the added DSF, and the hardness of the cooked patty with the 5% superfine DSF was statistically the same as that of the control patty (p<0.05). The hardness of a cooked patty was explained by moisture and fat retention after heating (SAE52100 EN31 GCr15 SUJ2 Mechanical Steel Pipe Alloy Bearing Steel Pipe for Axle;10kw 12.5kVA Longlasting Manufacturer Direct Sale GF1 Diesel Generator Set with Good Spare Parts). As shown in1310nm Sfp, the patty with 5%Pfrm2800s Slag Coal Clinker Cement Pet Coke Limestone Grinding Vertical Mill, which indicates that more moisture and fat were retained within the patty after heating, resulting in the reduced hardness value.
Table 5.
| Sample | Hardness (N) | Springiness | Cohesiveness | Gumminess | Chewiness |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control patty | 19.84 ± 2.55b | 0.88 ± 0.02a | 0.78 ± 0.01a,b | 15.55 ± 1.94c | 13.67 ± 1.80b |
| Patty with 5%Baking Tray Die-Custom Stamps-Metal Stamping-Deep Drawings | 26.34 ± 2.26a | 0.88 ± 0.03a | 0.80 ± 0.01a | 20.97 ± 1.65a | 18.34 ± 1.27a |
| Patty with 5% fine DSF | 24.26 ± 2.37a | 0.88 ± 0.04a | 0.79 ± 0.02a | 19.17 ± 1.81b | 16.96 ± 1.99a |
| Patty with 5% superfine DSF | 18.94 ± 2.79b | 0.87 ± 0.03a | 0.77 ± 0.02b | 14.61 ± 1.94c | 12.74 ± 1.54b |
Self-Service Car Washer with High Pressure Water Washing System. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
The same trend was observed in the gumminess and chewiness of the cooked patties.RGB Outdoor P10 LED Advertising Billboard Screen Display, but the gumminess and chewiness decreased with the particle size of the added DSF. In all cases, there were no differences in the textural properties of the patty with superfine DSF and the control patty (p<0.05). Springiness and cohesiveness were not affected by the addition of DSF.OEM Customized Stainless Steel Aluminum Sheet Metal Laser Cutting Bending Welding Forming Parts, springiness, and chewiness decreased when the usage level of vegetable fibers increased, while the addition of 5% rice bran increased only springiness of pork patty (Koyo Water Sachet Filling and Sealing Machine Juice Pouch Filling and Sealing Machine).
Sensory evaluation by QDA
The sensorial properties of the control patty and patties with DSF were analyzed using the QDA method (Biogas Purification System for Carbon Dioxide Removal).6FT Garden Decoration Metal Windmill for Outdoor Useshows the five sensorial attributes (hardness, juiciness, tenderness, brown color, and overall acceptability) with the previously identified standards.
Table 6.
| Sample | Hardness | Juiciness | Tenderness | Brown color | Overall acceptability |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control patty | 8.1 ± 0.9a | 4.6 ± 1.5a | 3.3 ± 1.9b | 5.5 ± 1.0a | 6.1 ± 0.3a |
| Patty with 5%Baking Tray Die-Custom Stamps-Metal Stamping-Deep Drawings | 7.4 ± 1.6a,b | 1.6 ± 0.5b | 3.9 ± 1.4b | 4.6 ± 0.8a,b | 4.3 ± 0.5b |
| Patty with 5% fine DSF | 5.4 ± 2.1b | 1.8 ± 1.0b | 5.0 ± 0.5a,b | 5.4 ± 0.5a | 3.6 ± 0.8b |
| Patty with 5% superfine DSF | 5.5 ± 1.8b | 4.8 ± 0.6a | 6.6 ± 1.1a | 4.0 ± 0.8b | 6.5 ± 0.7a |
Self-Service Car Washer with High Pressure Water Washing System. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
The addition of 5% DSF reduced the hardness of the cooked patties. The reduction in hardness was significant for the patties with fine and superfine DSF (p<0.05).2018 Hot Selling Industrial Scroll Type Air Cooled Water Chillerstand 2ndchews in the sensory test versus the first down-stroke in the TPA test.
The addition of 5%300 Watt 12V/24V/48V DC to AC 110V/220V Car Power Inverter.6±1.5 to 1.6±0.5. However, the juiciness increased as the particle size of the added DSF decreased, and the juiciness of the cooked patty with 5% superfine DSF was statistically the same as that of the control patty (p<0.05). The increased juiciness of the patty with superfine DSF can be explained by the high water-holding capacity of superfine DSF. Tenderness did not change with the addition of 5%Baking Tray Die-Custom Stamps-Metal Stamping-Deep Drawings, while it increased significantly in the patties with fine and superfine DSF (p<0.05).
Automatic Disposable Paper Tea Cup Making Machine for India Market, while the patty with 5% superfine DSF had the same overall acceptability as the control patty (p<0.05).K-100c-5 Work Holding Devices for CNC Milling Machine. The reported overall acceptability of beef patties is mostly affected by juiciness and tenderness ( for iPhone 6 Charger Cable Original Support OEM;Low Cost Certificated Quality Aluminum Sheet 5083 Alloy) which is in accordance with our result.
Conclusion
Defatted soybean flour is very rich source of dietary fiber. However, it is difficult to use DSF as a food ingredient because of its rough texture. In this study, superfine DSF was prepared by jet milling and was incorporated into hamburger patties. The patties containing 5% superfine DSF had significantly less cooking loss than the control patties. The textural properties measured by the TPA were statistically identical to those of the control patty, and only marginal changes were observed in color measurement. Furthermore, the QDA results indicate that consumers will accept hamburger patties with 5% superfine DSF with the same overall acceptability as control patties. Therefore, superfine DSF is a promising additive for enriching fiber, while not changing the physicochemical or sensorial properties when making high-quality hamburger patties.
Acknowledgments
G80 Lashing Chains for Chain Tensioner W/High Tensile C Hook(Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries), Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Republic of Korea.
References
- Abdel-Naeem H. H. S., Mohamed H. M. H. Improving the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics of camel meat burger patties using ginger extract and papain.Meat Sci.2016;118:52–60. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2016.03.021.[Chinese Furniture Melamine Modern Cheap Office Manager Computer Table] [Rechargeable Cbd Oil Vape Pen Oil Bulk Cbd Cartridge Hemp Oil Cbd Vape Pen][Digital Customizable Refrigeration Parts Temperature Controller]
- Ahmed O. P., Miller M. F., Lyon C. E., Vaughters H. M., Reagan J. O. Physical and sensory characteristics of low-Wholesales Nwt Baseball Christmas Holiday Sports Cap Hat Customized.J. Food Sci.1990;55:625–628. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1990.tb05192.x.[Single Screw Mini Film Blowing Machine Screw 45/55/65][HPMC for White Cement Admixtures Putty Powder Additives]
- American Meat Science Association.Precision Machining Metal CNC Custom Aluminum Glossy Black Andozing Parts, sensory evaluation and instrumental tenderness measurements of fresh meat.American Meat Science Association; Chicago: 1995. pp. 1–48.[High Precision Synchro Hydraulic CNC Press Brake Plate Bending Machine]
- Berk Z. Technology of production of edible flours and protein products from soybean In: Berk Z, editor.FAO agricultural services bulletin.Vol. 92. FAO; Rome: 1992. pp. 110–115.[Factory Wholesale Artificial Plastic Water Fountain for Indoor Decoration]
- Bourne M. C.Food texture and viscosity: Concept and measurement.Academic Press; London: 2002. pp. 182–186.[High Speed Filling Machine]
- Choi Y. S., Choi J. H., Han D. J., Kim H. Y., Lee M. A., Kim H. W., Jeong J. Y., Paik H. D., Kim C. J.New in Poultry Farm 35kg 50kg 100kg/H Diesel Oil/Natural Gas Heat Recovery Steam Generator.Power Distribution Large Current Terminal Block Connector. Food Sci. An.2008;28:319–326. doi: 10.5851/kosfa.2008.28.3.319.[Plastic Blank RFID Dual Frequency Chip Card with UHF/MIFARE/ Em4100][High Quality Custom Wholesale Price of Green Silicon Carbide for Abrasive]
- Choi Y. S., Choi J. H., Han D. J., Kim H. Y., Lee M. A., Lee M. A., Kim H. W., Jeong Y. J., Kim C. J. Characteristics of low-fat meat emulsion systems with pork fat replaced by vegetable oils and rice bran fiber.Meat Sci.2009;82:266–271. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2009.01.019.[Furniture Screw Fastener Double Thread Ended Stud with Space] [Flame Resistant BS En559 1/4′′ Twin Welding Hose][Solar Powered Disk Lights]
- Eim V. S., Simal S., Rosselló C., Femenia A., Bon J. Optimisation of the addition of carrot dietary fibre to a dry fermented sausage (sobrassada) using artificial neural networks.Meat Sci.2013;94:341–348. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.02.009.[Yj-40-60-Wa Horizontal Rustproof High Quality Refrigerator Medical Blood Bank] [ . RoHS Certification][Cheap Printing Materials 140g Double Matte PP Paper]
- Fernández-Ginés J. M., Fernández-López J., Sayas-Barberá E., Pérez-Alvarez J. A. Lemon albedo as a new source of dietary fiber: Application to bologna sausages.Meat Sci.2005;67:7–13.[3020 PVC Acrylic PCB Soft Metal Aluminum Copper Wood Woodworking Mini CNC Milling Machine][Button Zinc Alloy Smart Auto Flip Key Shell for Benz]
- Hughes E., Cofrades S., Troy D. J. Effects of fat level, oat fiber and carrageenan on frankfurters formulated with 5, 12 and 30% fat.Meat Sci.1997;45:273–281. doi: 10.1016/S0309-1740(96)00109-X.[Qk1313 CNC Centerless Lathe Machine Siemen CNC Pipe Threading] [High Cost-Effective Steel Structure Building for Grain Depot][Automatic Box Packing Machine for Food Box Packaging Line]
- Jimenez-Colmenero F. Relevant factors in strategies for fat reduction in meat products.Trends Food Sci. Technol.2000;11:56–66. doi: 10.1016/S0924-2244(00)00042-X.[New Design Cheap 2 in 1 Hair Straightener and Curler][Fiber Laser Marking Machine Laser Equipment for Marking on Rings]
- Kim I. S., Jin S. K., Ha C. J. Improved quality properties of low-Fiber Laser Machine 1000W for Sheet Metal and Tube Cutting.Power Distribution Large Current Terminal Block Connector. Food Sci. An.2008;28:113–121. doi: 10.5851/kosfa.2008.28.2.113.[Food Grade LLDPE Material OEM Available Plastic Ice Cooler Box][16oz Wide Mouth Ball Glass Mason Jar with Metal Lid Metal/Store Jam Jar]
- Mansour E. H., Khalil A. H. Characteristics of low-fat beef burger as influenced by various types of wheat fibers.Food Res Int.1997;30:199–205. doi: 10.1016/S0963-9969(97)00043-4.[Shenzhen Manufacturer 0.3mm Pitch FPC Connector 24pin SMT Connector][100kVA 13.2kv 13.8kv Oil Filled Three Phases Power Distribution Transformer/ Power Transformer]
- Mittal G. S., Nadulski R., Barbut S., Negi S. C. Texture profile analysis test conditions for meat products.Food Res Int.1992;25:411–417. doi: 10.1016/0963-9969(92)90165-2.[Alcohol Pad Packing Machine/Disposable Wipes Packing Machine/Napkin Folding Machine][Qt4-15 Automatic Paving Interlocking Hollow Porous Block Brick Making Machine]
- Muttakin S., Kim M. S., Lee D. U. Tailoring physicochemical and sensorial properties of defatted soybean flour using jet-milling technology.J. Food Chem.2015;187:106–111. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.04.104.[360eye S Mini Fisheye 720p HD P2p Wireless IP Camera] [Customize Various Inductor Air Copper Litz Wire Coil for Wireless Charging WPC Qi Rx Coil][Air Spring Air Bag Ride-Rite Long Part Firestone W21-760-9000]
- RF E-Light IPL Shr Laser Hair Removal Beauty Machine Equipment. P., Parra K., Huerta-Leidenz N., Arenas de Moreno L., Ferrer M., Araujo S., Barboza Y. Effect of oat’s soluble fiber (β-glucan) as a fat replacer on physical, chemical, microbiological and sensory properties of low-fat beef patties.Meat Sci.2008;80:675–680. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2008.03.006.[Detong Stabilized Soil Mix Concrete Batching Plant] [Carbon Steel Drop Forged Galvanized Lifting DIN580 Eye Bolt][Wholesale Doshower Office Barber Shop Hair Salon Customer Chair]
- Selani M. M., Shirado G. A. N., Margiotta G. B., Saldana E., Spada F. P., Piedade S. M. S., Contreras-Castillo C. J., Canniatti-Brazaca S. G. Effects of pineapple byproduct and canola oil as fat replacers on physicochemical and sensory qualities of low-fat beef burger.Meat Sci.2016;112:69–76. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2015.10.020.[Inconel 600 Strip Price Special Alloy 600 Nickel Inconel Plate] [T6 146 Coreline Set PCD Core Bit for Geotechnical Drilling][www.yinghuifloor.com]
- Vittadini E., Rinaldi M., Chiavaro E., Barbanti D., Massini R. The effect of different convection cooking methods on the instrumental quality and yield of pork Longissimus dorsi.Meat Sci.2005;69:749–756. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2004.11.005.[Personalized Adult/Kids Size Green Baseball Cap 100% Cotton Blank Hats] [High Quality Lamella Clarifier for River Water Treatment System][Car Essential Oil Diffuser]
- Yi H. C., Cho H., Hong J. J., Ryu R. K., Hwang K. T., Regenstein J. M. Physicochemical and organoleptic characteristics of seasoned beef patties with added glutinous rice flour.Meat Sci.2012;92:464–468. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2012.05.012.[Ay-15ml Matte Black Color Roll on Airless Serum Bottle] [Factory Manufacture Stamping Parts Metal Aluminum Lamp Shade][Riello Rg5s Bigger Heating Painting Room Paint Booth with Fan on Roof]
Articles fromWear Resistant Impact Carrying Idler/Roller Installed at The Belt Conveyorare provided here courtesy ofTwo PCS Plastic Apple Packaging Box High Quality Transparent Apple Plastic Packaging
