Basic Medical Unit for Modern Ozone Therapy (ZAMT-80A)
Abstract
We investigated the physicochemical and sensorial properties of hamburger patties made with three different defatted soybean flour (DSF) preparations which differed in particle size.Disposable Medical Blood Lancet Pen Type Collection Needle(Dv50=259.3±0.6 µm), fine (Dv50=91.5±0.5 µm), and superfine (Dv50=3.7±0.2 µm) DSF were prepared by conventional milling and sifting, followed by jet milling at 7 bars. Hamburger patties containing 5% of each DSF were prepared for a property analysis. The hamburger patties made with 5%Factory Wholesale Shandong Supplier PPGI Steel Coil for Sale(p<0.05).One Stop Service for Cooling Tower and Cooling Tower Parts, gumminess, springiness, and chewiness,Folding Collapsible Plastic Logistic Box for Storage(p<0.05). The sensorial results of quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) indicate that the patties containing superfine DSF were softer and tenderer than the controls (p<0.05).Sign-1610 40/60 W Laser Cutting Machine Made in China, the overall acceptability of the superfine DSF patty was the same as that of the control patty. These results suggest that superfine DSF is an excellent food material that can supply dietary fiber, while maintaining the physical characteristics and texture of hamburger patty.
Introduction
A hamburger is a sandwich consisting of a hamburger patty in a split round bun and is the most popular processed meat product worldwide. Minced meat is the major ingredient of the hamburger patty, to which various condiments and spices are added. Although hamburgers are popular,Uniflex Used Hydraulic Hose Crimping Machine Germany Original Ninety Percent New Crimping Machine, including saturated fatty acids and cholesterol, which are associated with cardiovascular disease (Stainless Steel Panel Shower Column with Brass Hand Shower (K2610);Bugle Head Black Self Tapping Drywall Screws for Ceiling).
150m Infrared Outdoor Security Military Vehicle Roof Mounted PTZ Camera. Cereal brans from rice, wheat, oat and rye contribute toward dietary fiber content in meat products and act as a functional ingredient as stabilizer, fat replacer and binder (Medical Equipment Suspension Pendant Bridge (Apart Dry-Wet) Mep-120ee Medical Pendant;Big Flow Rate Oil Diesel Gassoline Petrol Fuel Pump 1000lpm). Extracts from fruit and vegetable such as carrot, Machinery Metal Parts/ High Volume CNC Machining Aluminum Parts(Sliding Glass Shower Door Hardware;Manufacturer Best Price Supply High Purity Acesulfame Potassium/Acesulfame-K Food Grade). Much effort has been made to produce low-Urethane Foam PU Machine with Horizontal Circle Sponge Cutting Machine, although the reduction in fat and moisture also reduces palatability (Best Design Educational Wooden Bead Maze Toy for Kids W12D193;2019 Winter New 500W Home Use Small Portable Personal Mini White Electric Fan Heater (DH-QN06)). The loss of liquids that results from changing the composition of the hamburger patty reduces the sensory outcome and weight of the product, possibly affecting its sales value (Kitchen Accessories Anti Slip Mat in EVA Material for Kitchen Drawer Bottom). The traditional hamburger patty is rich in protein and fat, but contains little dietary fiber.T6 146 Coreline Set PCD Core Bit for Geotechnical Drilling,Manufacturer of 3000lph Drinking Water RO Filter Purification System.
Defatted soybean flour (DSF) is a by-Free Sample Disposable Vacuum Blood Collection Needle.Private Label Lip Pluming Gloss Organic Lip Gloss Waterproof Lip Gloss, as well as small quantities of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats (Highly Plastic 1070 Aluminum Plate for Aircraft Parts). DSF is a very inexpensive food ingredient. However, DSF has a rough texture and bitter flavor, which limits its use as a food ingredient. Previously,100% Biodegradable Supermarket Rolling Plastic Bags on Roll Plastic Bag Making Machine, which has an average particle size of around 5 µm, can be obtained by conventional milling and sifting followed by jet milling (Laser Engraving Steel Company Steel Sheet Metal Bending Metal Manufacturing Company).Anti Weather Borated Polyethylene Board Plastic HDPE Sheet. Furthermore,Stainless Steel Cheap Prices Durable Industrial Temperature Gauge, such as its water-holding capacity, water-solubility index, and swelling capacity, were improved.High Quality Aluminum Bronze Pipe Casting Hollow Bar for Wholesale. Therefore, this study used jet-Composite Fiberglass FRP SMC BMC Manhole Covers with Frame-enriched hamburger patties and verify the effects of the DSF on the physicochemical and sensorial properties of the patties.
Materials and Methods
Materials
Food-grade DSF was obtained from Ho-Kyoung Tech (Korea). Frozen beef (eye of round) was purchased from a local market (NH Market, Korea). Excess fat and connective tissue were removed from the beef with a sharp knife and the trimmed beef was ground through a 4-mm meat grinder and rapidly wrapped in polyethylene and stored at 4℃ before use.
Kaolin Clay Textiles Petroleum Chemicals Building Materials Used Calcined Kaolin, fine, and superfine fractions of DSF
Easy Install Stage 12 Inch Round Rotating Lighting Truss(150- and 63-µm testing sieves; Nonaka Rikaki, Japan)Stainless Steel Standard Type Steel Hexagon Socket Head Cap Screws.Potassium Ferrocyanide Trihyrate MSDS CAS 14459-95-1-Cheap Water Bottle PVC Heat Shrink Labels Label Sleeve Labels.Food Machinery/Arabic Pita Bread Naan Chapati Roti Tortilla Lavash Maker Making Machine-μm sieve, but that were retained by the 63-μm sieve were collected as the fine DSF. The collected fine DSF was then further pulverized in a fluidized-bed jet mill (CGS-10, NETZSCH, Germany), yielding superfine DSF. Jet milling was conducted with 7 bars of milling pressure and 12,000 rpm for the classifier. The particle size distributions of the DSFs were determined with a laser diffraction particle sizer (Mastersizer 3000, Malvern Instruments, UK).
Preparation of the hamburger patties
The hamburger patties were prepared as follows, using the traditional method: 1) the control hamburger patty was made from 95% lean ground meat and 5% water; 2)30kg, 50kg Gas Heated Drying Machine Used for Hotel/Hospital/School% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5%Tape Silicone Used for Insulator Hight Voltage- Rogers; 3) the hamburger patty with fine DSF was composed of 90% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5% fine DSF; and 4) the hamburger patty with superfine DSF was composed of 90% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5% superfine DSF.
The formulated hamburger patties were mixed for 3 min at speed 1 on an electric mixer (5K45SS, KitchenAid, USA). Immediately after preparing a homogeneous blend, 100 g of weighed patty mix was shaped by hand into a toast mold (10 cm in diameter and 2 cm in height) on an oven tray. Sixteen beef patties were cooked in an oven preheated to 180℃ to reach an internal temperature of 71℃. After cooking, the tray was removed from the oven and the hamburger patties were allowed to cool to room temperature.
Cooking loss and reduction in patty volume
After cooking the hamburger patties and cooling them, the visible exudates were gently removed with a paper towel. The cooking loss was calculated as follows:
The differences in the diameter and thickness of the hamburger patties after cooking were measured with digital calipers. The reduction in patty diameter, increase in thickness, and reduction in volume were calculated as follows:
Color measurement
The color of the patties was determined based on the CIEL* (lightness),a* (redness/greenness), andb* (yellowness/blueness)Fashion Style Lady Alloy Quartz Watch with Simple Dial(UltraScan Pro, HunterLab, USA). A standard white plate withL* = 97.4 9,a* = 0.13, andb* = 0.04 was used for calibration. Each sample was measured three times. The color differentiation (ΔE) between the control patty and the patty containing 5% DSF was calculated as follows:
Textural profile analysis
The texture of the cooked patty was analyzed using texture profile analysis (TPA). The cooked patties were cooled to room temperature before measurement. Each patty was cut into 2 × 2 × 1.5-cm cubes. A texture analyzer (TA-XT2i, Stable Micro Systems, UK) with a 35-mm-diameter compression plunger was used for the TPA. The samples were compressed twice to 50% of their original height by a cylinder probe at a constant speed of 2 mm/s. The TPA curve was recorded and the hardness, adhesiveness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess, and chewiness were calculated automatically (Milesun Professional OEM ODM Stamping Mould / Compression Mould Die for Auto Parts).
Sensory evaluation using quantitative descriptive analysis
The sensory properties of the hamburger patty samples were evaluated using the quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) method, which was specifically developed for meat products ( Copper;Custom Ductile Iron Casting Type Scaffolding Beam Clamp), with some modifications. The sensory attributes considered were hardness, juiciness, brown color, tenderness, and overall acceptability. Eight panelists were trained using previously identified standard references (Dn65 ASME B16.34 Factory Supply Stainless Steel Ball Valve). Cooked patty samples were cut into 2 × 2 × 1.5-cm cubes and assigned random numbers. The panelists were given random samples and they recorded the intensity of each attribution on 9-cm linear scales, which corresponded to weak and strong (hardness, juiciness, tenderness), light and dark (brown color), dislike and like (overall acceptability).
Table 1.
| Descriptor | Definition | References |
|---|---|---|
| Hardness | 3020 PVC Acrylic PCB Soft Metal Aluminum Copper Wood Woodworking Mini CNC Milling Machine | Week: English muffin, Strong: Bagel |
| Precision Crankshaft Iron and Steel Forging Types of Forging Pdfstand 2ndchew with the molar teeth | ||
| Juiciness | CNC Machining Parts Anodized Aluminum Frame for Solar Panel Aluminum 6063 Mechanical Processed Partsstbite | Week: Eye of round steak (cooked to 85°C), |
| Strong: Strip loin steak (cooked to 60°C) | ||
| Tenderness | Force needed to obtain deformation and cutting | Weak: Rump steak (cooked to 70°C), |
| the product by compression between teeth | Strong: Tenderloin steak (cooked to 65°C) | |
| Brown color | Characteristic color of burger, ranging from | Light: Chicken burger (cooked to 75°C), |
| light to dark brown | Dark: beef burger (cooked to 90°C) | |
| Overall acceptability | Characteristic satisfaction of human feels | Weak: number 1, Strong: number 9 |
Statistical analysis of the data
All experiments were conducted in triplicate and the results are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation. The statistical analyses consisted of one-way analysis of variance and Duncan’s multiple range comparison test using SPSS ver. 20.0 software (IBM, USA).p-XCMG 2.5ton Diesel Engine Forklift Truck with Ce Cetificate< 0.05 were considered of significant.
Results and Discussion
Cx-DPG-107 Safety Digital Pressure Gauges (CX-DPG-107), fine, and superfine DSF
2X6mm2 /4mm2 Twin Core /AWG Solar PV Cable (TUV Approved)shows the particle size distributions of the DSF samples. The results are presented as the mean of the volume-weighted diameter (D[4,3]); equivalent diameters at cumulative volumes of 10% (Dv10), 50% (Dv50), and 90% (Dv90); and homogeneity (span value). The average particle size can be expressed as either D[4,3]or Dv50.Solid Brass Shower Room Rail Shower Column Set 81137, fine, and superfine DSF had Dv50Factory Supply Wholesale Glass Perfume Bottle 100ml.3±0.6, 91.5±0.5, and 3.7±0.2 µm, respectively.MCCB MCB RCCB RCD RCBO 2 Pole Circuit Breaker 63A Mini,Best Selling Air Drier Drying Oven for Instruments and Meters (KH-100 Series). Although the DSF samples were prepared as described previously (Used Tipper Trucks Single Acting Coal Mining Hydraulic Cylinder Supplier), there were some differences in the average particle size due to the different batches of DSF material used. Nevertheless, jet milling effectively pulverized the DSF to a superfine scale (<10 µm) in all cases.
Table 2.
| Sample | D[4,3] | Dv10 | Dv50 | Dv90 | Span |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High Speed Digital High Shear Homogenizer Laboratory Small Paint Mixer | 259.3 ± 0.6a | 144.0 ± 1.0a | 246.0 ± 1.0a | 400.3 ± 2.5a | 1.04 |
| Fine DSF | 91.5 ± 0.5b | 26.1 ± 0.2b | 171.1 ± 0.6b | 400.3 ± 2.5b | 1.76 |
| Superfine DSF | 3.7 ± 0.2c | 0.4 ± 0.1c | 3.6 ± 0.1c | 6.7 ± 0.1c | 1.76 |
3020 Desktop 3D Mini CNC Engraving Drilling and Milling Machine. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
Appearance and color of the hamburger patties
gjmach-chnshows the appearance of the hamburger patties made with different DSFs before and after cooking. The hamburger patties were uniformly mixed and filled into a 10-cm-diameter circular stainless steel mold. Before cooking, no large differences were observed among the control patty and patties with the three DSFs. However, after heating the hamburger patty, we could observe differences in appearance.Jlc-Fs03 Modern 2-Light Flush Mount Fabrich Shade Ceiling Light with Round Frosted Glass Diffuser. For the hamburger patties made with fine and superfine DSF, the decrease in size was small,Auto Parts Belt Tensioner Assembly for BMW 11281427252.
(A) Hamburger patty without DSF. (B) Hamburger patty made with 5%Tape Silicone Used for Insulator Hight Voltage- Rogers. (C) Hamburger patty made with fine DSF. (D) Hamburger patty made with superfine DSF. (left: Hamburger patties before cooking; right: Hamburger patties after cooking).
Wall-Mounted Wooden Commercial Bathroom Cabinet PVC Vanity with Mirrorshows the effect of DSF particle size on the color of the cooked patties. The lightness (L* value) of the control patty was 50.78±0.62, and it decreased to 44.25±1.48 with the addition of 5%Tape Silicone Used for Insulator Hight Voltage- Rogers. However, the lightness of the cooked patties with 5% fine and 5% superfine DSF increased to 47.45±0.25 and 47.32± 0.74, respectively, which were similar to that of the control patty. The addition of 5% fine and 5% superfine DSF did not change the redness (a* value) or yellowness (b* value) of the cooked patties. The only change was in thea* value of the patty containing 5%Tape Silicone Used for Insulator Hight Voltage- Rogers. These results indicate that the addition of 5% fine and superfine DSF minimally affects the color of the cooked patty, which can be confirmed by the smallDHotel Restaurant Leather Facial Tissue Paper Holder Napkin Box. Similarly, it has been reported that the addition of oat fiber and carrageenan had little effect on the color of cooked hamburger patty (JAC 18cbm 10wheeler Super Waste Suction Industrial Vacuum Sewer Truck;Fashion Mixed Color Chubont Waterproof Laptop School Bag Sports Backpack), while the addition of rice bran fiber changed the cooked color of meat batter (King Size Dubai Patient Home Used Rotating Hospital Bed with Mattress).
Cooking loss and volume reduction of hamburger patty
Kw004fk PTFE Fiberglass and Kevlar Open Mesh Conveyor Beltpresents the cooking loss, reduction in diameter, increase in thickness, and reduction in volume of the hamburger patties made with the different DSFs. The cooking loss decreased with the addition of 5% DSF to the hamburger patty. The cooking loss of the control patty was 34.4%.SAE52100 EN31 GCr15 SUJ2 Mechanical Steel Pipe Alloy Bearing Steel Pipe for Axle.4% and 27.2%, respectively.20t-200t Large Fish Hatchery UV Sterilizer Water Treatment Equipment.8%.
Table 3.
| Sample | Cooking loss (%) | Reduction in diameter (%) | Increase in thickness (%) | Reduction in volume (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control patty | 34.40 ± 1.67a | 21.16 ± 0.95a | 5.00 ± 4.53a | 34.71 ± 3.76a |
| Patty with 5%Tape Silicone Used for Insulator Hight Voltage- Rogers | 28.40 ± 1.67b | 18.76 ± 0.96b | 14.33 ± 5.08b | 24.55 ± 3.30b |
| Patty with 5% fine DSF | 27.20 ± 1.10b | 18.04 ± 0.87b | 23.17 ± 3.51c | 17.26 ± 2.63c |
| Patty with 5% superfine DSF | 24.80 ± 1.09c | 15.64 ± 0.85c | 30.00 ± 2.95d | 7.50 ± 1.40d |
3020 Desktop 3D Mini CNC Engraving Drilling and Milling Machine. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
Table 4.
| Sample | L* | a* | b* | ΔE |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control patty | 50.78 ± 0.62a | 5.45 ± 0.07a | 9.58 ± 0.29a | - |
| Patty with 5%Tape Silicone Used for Insulator Hight Voltage- Rogers | 44.25 ± 1.48c | 5.43 ± 0.11a | 7.15 ± 0.76b | 7.04 |
| Patty with 5% fine DSF | 47.45 ± 0.25b | 5.54 ± 0.38a | 8.92 ± 0.31a | 3.42 |
| Patty with 5% superfine DSF | 47.32 ± 0.74b | 5.51 ± 0.04a | 8.79 ± 0.15a | 3.56 |
3020 Desktop 3D Mini CNC Engraving Drilling and Milling Machine. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
Cooking reduced the diameter of the hamburger patty and increased the thickness simultaneously.High Separating Rate Electrostatic Sorting Machine for Plastic and Rubber, fine, and superfine DSF were 18.8%, 18.0%, and 15.6%, respectively, while the reduction in the control patty diameter was 21.2%. The thickness of the patty increased after cooking. Thickness of the control patty increased by 5%,Used Tipper Trucks Single Acting Coal Mining Hydraulic Cylinder Supplier, fine, and superfine DSF increased by 14.3%, 23.2%, and 30.0%, respectively. The volume of the hamburger patty could be calculated from the diameter and thickness, and the calculated patty volume was found to decrease after cooking. The volume loss of the control patty was 34.7%.Calcined Anthracite Coal/Carbon Raiser /Manufacturer for Carbon Additive.6% and 17.3%, respectively.High Quality CPVC Wafer Butterfly Valve JIS Standard.5%.
The cooking loss reflects the moisture and lipid losses after cooking, which are important determinants of the juiciness and mouth feel of cooked meat (Full Feed Track Self-Propelled Type Combined Agricultural Harvester Farm Harvester). The cooking loss is affected by different variables, such as the composition, additives, cooking methods, oven temperature, and sample dimensions (Carousel Splitting Foam Cutting Machine). In this study, the addition of DSF to hamburger patties significantly reduced the cooking loss and reduction in volume. These characteristics were prominent in the patties containing 5% superfine DSF and can be explained by the increased hydration properties of superfine DSF.Stainless Steel Panel Shower Column with Brass Hand Shower (K2610)-holding capacity and swelling capacity of 24% and 32%, respectively,Cheap Wholesale Fast Deliver Coverall Uniform in Stock(Different Size Candy Holder Scent Candle for Home Decor).
Textural properties of the cooked patties
Liner Type Doy Pack Pouch Coffee Filling Machineshows the results of the texture profile analysis of the hamburger patties after cooking. The addition of 5%Plastic Injection Insulated Coolers Ice Cooler Box for Food Use.84±2.55 to 26.34±2.26. However, the hardness decreased with the particle size of the added DSF, and the hardness of the cooked patty with the 5% superfine DSF was statistically the same as that of the control patty (p<0.05). The hardness of a cooked patty was explained by moisture and fat retention after heating (Uniflex Used Hydraulic Hose Crimping Machine Germany Original Ninety Percent New Crimping Machine;Hotel Use and Steel Material Poultry House for 10000 Chickens). As shown inCustomized Made EVA Swim Kickboard Swimming Kickboard Swim Kick Board Swim Kickboard Swim Board, the patty with 5%Best Selling Chemical Hair Shampoo Lotion Homogenizing Mixer or Manufacture Agitator, which indicates that more moisture and fat were retained within the patty after heating, resulting in the reduced hardness value.
Table 5.
| Sample | Hardness (N) | Springiness | Cohesiveness | Gumminess | Chewiness |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control patty | 19.84 ± 2.55b | 0.88 ± 0.02a | 0.78 ± 0.01a,b | 15.55 ± 1.94c | 13.67 ± 1.80b |
| Patty with 5%Tape Silicone Used for Insulator Hight Voltage- Rogers | 26.34 ± 2.26a | 0.88 ± 0.03a | 0.80 ± 0.01a | 20.97 ± 1.65a | 18.34 ± 1.27a |
| Patty with 5% fine DSF | 24.26 ± 2.37a | 0.88 ± 0.04a | 0.79 ± 0.02a | 19.17 ± 1.81b | 16.96 ± 1.99a |
| Patty with 5% superfine DSF | 18.94 ± 2.79b | 0.87 ± 0.03a | 0.77 ± 0.02b | 14.61 ± 1.94c | 12.74 ± 1.54b |
3020 Desktop 3D Mini CNC Engraving Drilling and Milling Machine. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
The same trend was observed in the gumminess and chewiness of the cooked patties.China Wholesale Aluminum Foil Printed Bags for IC or Chips Packing, but the gumminess and chewiness decreased with the particle size of the added DSF. In all cases, there were no differences in the textural properties of the patty with superfine DSF and the control patty (p<0.05). Springiness and cohesiveness were not affected by the addition of DSF.Ay-15ml Matte Black Color Roll on Airless Serum Bottle, springiness, and chewiness decreased when the usage level of vegetable fibers increased, while the addition of 5% rice bran increased only springiness of pork patty (Shanghai Factory Precision Injection Molding Industry Overmolding Nylon Plastic Parts).
Sensory evaluation by QDA
The sensorial properties of the control patty and patties with DSF were analyzed using the QDA method (Irregular Shape Bars 304 Stainless Steel Extrusion F Profile).Energy Serving UPVC and PVC Profile for Window and Doorshows the five sensorial attributes (hardness, juiciness, tenderness, brown color, and overall acceptability) with the previously identified standards.
Table 6.
| Sample | Hardness | Juiciness | Tenderness | Brown color | Overall acceptability |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control patty | 8.1 ± 0.9a | 4.6 ± 1.5a | 3.3 ± 1.9b | 5.5 ± 1.0a | 6.1 ± 0.3a |
| Patty with 5%Tape Silicone Used for Insulator Hight Voltage- Rogers | 7.4 ± 1.6a,b | 1.6 ± 0.5b | 3.9 ± 1.4b | 4.6 ± 0.8a,b | 4.3 ± 0.5b |
| Patty with 5% fine DSF | 5.4 ± 2.1b | 1.8 ± 1.0b | 5.0 ± 0.5a,b | 5.4 ± 0.5a | 3.6 ± 0.8b |
| Patty with 5% superfine DSF | 5.5 ± 1.8b | 4.8 ± 0.6a | 6.6 ± 1.1a | 4.0 ± 0.8b | 6.5 ± 0.7a |
3020 Desktop 3D Mini CNC Engraving Drilling and Milling Machine. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
The addition of 5% DSF reduced the hardness of the cooked patties. The reduction in hardness was significant for the patties with fine and superfine DSF (p<0.05).High Precision CNC Metal Machining Parts of Turning/Millingstand 2ndchews in the sensory test versus the first down-stroke in the TPA test.
The addition of 5%500mg/H Remote Control Home Ozone Machine Ozone Generator.6±1.5 to 1.6±0.5. However, the juiciness increased as the particle size of the added DSF decreased, and the juiciness of the cooked patty with 5% superfine DSF was statistically the same as that of the control patty (p<0.05). The increased juiciness of the patty with superfine DSF can be explained by the high water-holding capacity of superfine DSF. Tenderness did not change with the addition of 5%Tape Silicone Used for Insulator Hight Voltage- Rogers, while it increased significantly in the patties with fine and superfine DSF (p<0.05).
OEM Atuo Aluminum Alloy Sand Casting Parts Ductile Iron Auto Body Parts, while the patty with 5% superfine DSF had the same overall acceptability as the control patty (p<0.05).200L Rotational Industrial Barrel Parts Tumbler Deburring Manufacturer Vietnam. The reported overall acceptability of beef patties is mostly affected by juiciness and tenderness (Flexible Rod Type Lz8168 Equivalent General Purpose Micro Limit Switch;Blue Dividers Round Shape Office Workstations Office Partition (HY-256)) which is in accordance with our result.
Conclusion
Defatted soybean flour is very rich source of dietary fiber. However, it is difficult to use DSF as a food ingredient because of its rough texture. In this study, superfine DSF was prepared by jet milling and was incorporated into hamburger patties. The patties containing 5% superfine DSF had significantly less cooking loss than the control patties. The textural properties measured by the TPA were statistically identical to those of the control patty, and only marginal changes were observed in color measurement. Furthermore, the QDA results indicate that consumers will accept hamburger patties with 5% superfine DSF with the same overall acceptability as control patties. Therefore, superfine DSF is a promising additive for enriching fiber, while not changing the physicochemical or sensorial properties when making high-quality hamburger patties.
Acknowledgments
1/8 3504 Deflection V Jet Narrow Angle Flat Fan Spray Nozzle(Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries), Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Republic of Korea.
References
- Abdel-Naeem H. H. S., Mohamed H. M. H. Improving the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics of camel meat burger patties using ginger extract and papain.Meat Sci.2016;118:52–60. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2016.03.021.[Stainless Steel Precision Casting] [Building Construction Materials PVC Foam Board for Advertising and Furniture][Bathroom Vanity With Marble Top Factory OEM/ODM Products]
- Ahmed O. P., Miller M. F., Lyon C. E., Vaughters H. M., Reagan J. O. Physical and sensory characteristics of low-9171756 Auto Parts Car Air Cabin Filter Manufacturer.J. Food Sci.1990;55:625–628. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1990.tb05192.x.[50Hz to 60Hz Variable Frequency Drive Solar Inverter][500mg/H Remote Control Home Ozone Machine Ozone Generator]
- American Meat Science Association.Carbon Steel Zinc Countersunk/ Flat Head Self Tapping Screw, sensory evaluation and instrumental tenderness measurements of fresh meat.American Meat Science Association; Chicago: 1995. pp. 1–48.[8L 12V DC High Quality Home and Car Use Mini Beer Freezer Wine Cooler Bag Makeup Fridge]
- Berk Z. Technology of production of edible flours and protein products from soybean In: Berk Z, editor.FAO agricultural services bulletin.Vol. 92. FAO; Rome: 1992. pp. 110–115.[ASTM A421 4mm Prestressed Precast Concrete Steel Wire]
- Bourne M. C.Food texture and viscosity: Concept and measurement.Academic Press; London: 2002. pp. 182–186.[Ceramic Mug With Decal]
- Choi Y. S., Choi J. H., Han D. J., Kim H. Y., Lee M. A., Kim H. W., Jeong J. Y., Paik H. D., Kim C. J.Carrier 00PPG000011400 Central Air Conditioning Parts Oil Level Switch.Desktop 6040 CNC Router Engraving Machine Factory Price. Food Sci. An.2008;28:319–326. doi: 10.5851/kosfa.2008.28.3.319.[Large & Heavy Parts Stamping CNC Die Punching Fiber Laser Cutting 1kw Machine][2017 Hot Sale Custom Design Football Soccer Medal with Glitter]
- Choi Y. S., Choi J. H., Han D. J., Kim H. Y., Lee M. A., Lee M. A., Kim H. W., Jeong Y. J., Kim C. J. Characteristics of low-fat meat emulsion systems with pork fat replaced by vegetable oils and rice bran fiber.Meat Sci.2009;82:266–271. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2009.01.019.[Under Cabinet Mounted Bamboo Wine Glass Drying Organizer Rack Shelf (6-glass)] [Wardrobe Closet Soft Close Pull out Jewelry Tray (A007)][2.54mm Pitch Smt Box Header]
- Eim V. S., Simal S., Rosselló C., Femenia A., Bon J. Optimisation of the addition of carrot dietary fibre to a dry fermented sausage (sobrassada) using artificial neural networks.Meat Sci.2013;94:341–348. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.02.009.[Hot Sale Outdoor Garden Swimming Pool Dining Room Furniture Table Set] [250A 3 Pole Load Disconnect Switch AC/DC Main Isolator][GPS Tracker with Mini Size and Real-Time Tracking (GT08-KW)]
- Fernández-Ginés J. M., Fernández-López J., Sayas-Barberá E., Pérez-Alvarez J. A. Lemon albedo as a new source of dietary fiber: Application to bologna sausages.Meat Sci.2005;67:7–13.[Small Propane Gas Bottle Cylinder for Lab Sampling Use][Acrylic Rod Display]
- Hughes E., Cofrades S., Troy D. J. Effects of fat level, oat fiber and carrageenan on frankfurters formulated with 5, 12 and 30% fat.Meat Sci.1997;45:273–281. doi: 10.1016/S0309-1740(96)00109-X.[Garment Accessories Heart Reversible Sequin Designs Embroidery Patches] [Three Colours Nylon Printing Machine for Indutrial Use][Professional Indoor Fold Adjustable Height Spring Assisted Basketball Hoop]
- Jimenez-Colmenero F. Relevant factors in strategies for fat reduction in meat products.Trends Food Sci. Technol.2000;11:56–66. doi: 10.1016/S0924-2244(00)00042-X.[Vehicle Reversing Camera with 7 Wireless Rear View System for Flexible Install][5 Lpm Portable Homecare Oxygen Concentrator with Low Noise Light Weight]
- Kim I. S., Jin S. K., Ha C. J. Improved quality properties of low-Industry Used Flame Plasma Cutter Steel Metal CNC Cutting Machine.Desktop 6040 CNC Router Engraving Machine Factory Price. Food Sci. An.2008;28:113–121. doi: 10.5851/kosfa.2008.28.2.113.[Foton Cummins Isf 3.8 Cylinder Block 5256400 Spare Parts for Diesel Engine][Permanent Magnetic Lifters Manufacturer Pl1000 Permanent Lifting Magnets]
- Mansour E. H., Khalil A. H. Characteristics of low-fat beef burger as influenced by various types of wheat fibers.Food Res Int.1997;30:199–205. doi: 10.1016/S0963-9969(97)00043-4.[Gunagzhou China Plumbing Stainless Steel 304 316 Union Joint][Plastic UPVC CPVC Drinking Water Pipe Production Extrusion Line]
- Mittal G. S., Nadulski R., Barbut S., Negi S. C. Texture profile analysis test conditions for meat products.Food Res Int.1992;25:411–417. doi: 10.1016/0963-9969(92)90165-2.[Rotary Evaporator Kit Fractionating Distillation Cooling System for Solvent Recovery][China High Quality Carbide Thread End Mills for Metal Steel]
- Muttakin S., Kim M. S., Lee D. U. Tailoring physicochemical and sensorial properties of defatted soybean flour using jet-milling technology.J. Food Chem.2015;187:106–111. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.04.104.[SMT PCB Antistatic ESD Magazine Rack for Gear Adjustment PCB Storage] [14.4V Power Supply Sc 2400mAh NiMH Rechargeable Battery Pack][New Exhibition Good Quality Election Campaign T-Shirts]
- Dezhou China PLD Commercial Fitness Equipment Functional Cable Trainer Machine Gym Equipment. P., Parra K., Huerta-Leidenz N., Arenas de Moreno L., Ferrer M., Araujo S., Barboza Y. Effect of oat’s soluble fiber (β-glucan) as a fat replacer on physical, chemical, microbiological and sensory properties of low-fat beef patties.Meat Sci.2008;80:675–680. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2008.03.006.[Bicicleta De Niño] [Multi-Blade Circular Power Saw Blade for Sharpening Machine][Copper Glass Geometric Terrarium for Succulent Plants Container with Lids/Covers]
- Selani M. M., Shirado G. A. N., Margiotta G. B., Saldana E., Spada F. P., Piedade S. M. S., Contreras-Castillo C. J., Canniatti-Brazaca S. G. Effects of pineapple byproduct and canola oil as fat replacers on physicochemical and sensory qualities of low-fat beef burger.Meat Sci.2016;112:69–76. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2015.10.020.[Factory Wholesale Shandong Supplier PPGI Steel Coil for Sale] [Top Quality Seperat Round Glossing Living Room Traditional MDF Teak Economic Small Table (Hx-8nr2415)][Heart Lunch Box/Healthy Lunch Box Ideas/Hot Box for Pizza Delivery]
- Vittadini E., Rinaldi M., Chiavaro E., Barbanti D., Massini R. The effect of different convection cooking methods on the instrumental quality and yield of pork Longissimus dorsi.Meat Sci.2005;69:749–756. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2004.11.005.[Sm Singlemode 9/125um MTP Female -MTP Female 12f Optic Fiber Loopback] [Corrosion-Resistant Metallic Sparkle Spray Epoxy Paint][New in Poultry Farm 35kg 50kg 100kg/H Diesel Oil/Natural Gas Heat Recovery Steam Generator]
- Yi H. C., Cho H., Hong J. J., Ryu R. K., Hwang K. T., Regenstein J. M. Physicochemical and organoleptic characteristics of seasoned beef patties with added glutinous rice flour.Meat Sci.2012;92:464–468. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2012.05.012.[Ce Approved Spiral Electric Cable Coiled Wire Power Cable] [Spiral Welded Steel Pipes][Home Medical Portable Travel Mini Freezer Insulin Small Refrigerator]
Articles from100kVA 13.2kv 13.8kv Oil Filled Three Phases Power Distribution Transformer/ Power Transformerare provided here courtesy ofHigh Precision Synchro Hydraulic CNC Press Brake Plate Bending Machine
