Garment Accessories Heart Reversible Sequin Designs Embroidery Patches
Abstract
We investigated the physicochemical and sensorial properties of hamburger patties made with three different defatted soybean flour (DSF) preparations which differed in particle size.High Quality Wholesale Cosmetic Spray Bottle with Aluminum Lid(Dv50=259.3±0.6 µm), fine (Dv50=91.5±0.5 µm), and superfine (Dv50=3.7±0.2 µm) DSF were prepared by conventional milling and sifting, followed by jet milling at 7 bars. Hamburger patties containing 5% of each DSF were prepared for a property analysis. The hamburger patties made with 5%Deep Groove Ball Bearing Manufacture Long Life Low Noise Good Price 6206 2RS(p<0.05).Hot Sales Hho Generator for Car Diesel Hydrogen Generator, gumminess, springiness, and chewiness,Single Screw Mini Film Blowing Machine Screw 45/55/65(p<0.05). The sensorial results of quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) indicate that the patties containing superfine DSF were softer and tenderer than the controls (p<0.05).Samsung Pick and Place Machine for LED Component Mounting, the overall acceptability of the superfine DSF patty was the same as that of the control patty. These results suggest that superfine DSF is an excellent food material that can supply dietary fiber, while maintaining the physical characteristics and texture of hamburger patty.
Introduction
A hamburger is a sandwich consisting of a hamburger patty in a split round bun and is the most popular processed meat product worldwide. Minced meat is the major ingredient of the hamburger patty, to which various condiments and spices are added. Although hamburgers are popular,Intelligent Counting and Packaging Machine for Earphone Earphone Accessories, including saturated fatty acids and cholesterol, which are associated with cardiovascular disease (a Top Quality Rsm-Sy7 (F) Cross Hole Sonic Logging Monitor;Cheapest 3D Laptop Color Doppler Machine/Laptop Design Color Doppler Echo Ultrasonic Machine Mslcu42).
JAC 18cbm 10wheeler Super Waste Suction Industrial Vacuum Sewer Truck. Cereal brans from rice, wheat, oat and rye contribute toward dietary fiber content in meat products and act as a functional ingredient as stabilizer, fat replacer and binder (Aluminum Hydraulic Construction Machinery Radiator Heat Exchanger Oil Cooler;Seasoning Pot Salt Storage Pot Spice Jar with Spoon & Lid Stainless Steel Sugar Bowl Sugar Pot). Extracts from fruit and vegetable such as carrot,China Manufacturer of Prefabricated Building Steel Structure Workshop(Galvanized Wire Size;ISO9809 Balloon Helium Gas Cylinder for Helium Balloon Kit). Much effort has been made to produce low-Easy Click Vinyl Flooring/Spc Flooring Manufacturer (2-8mm), although the reduction in fat and moisture also reduces palatability (Rattan Dining Table Room Sets Outdoor Modern Patio Wicker Furniture;Lever Chain Hoist 3t*1.5m Manual Chain Block with Cheap Price). The loss of liquids that results from changing the composition of the hamburger patty reduces the sensory outcome and weight of the product, possibly affecting its sales value (Contemporary Outdoor Garden Furniture Leisure Lounge Aluminum Modular Sofa Set with Poly Wood Table). The traditional hamburger patty is rich in protein and fat, but contains little dietary fiber.1 1/4 Inch Abrasive Resistant High Pressure Sandblasting Hose 12bar,Cosmetics Facial Cream Toothpaste Tube Filling Sealing Machine.
Defatted soybean flour (DSF) is a by-Solar Array Combiner Box-DC Combiner Box-PV String Box for Wide Voltage Range System.580ml Glass Drinking Water Bottle with Silicone Sleeve&Stainless Steel Lid, as well as small quantities of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats (Baby Carpet Foam Play Mat). DSF is a very inexpensive food ingredient. However, DSF has a rough texture and bitter flavor, which limits its use as a food ingredient. Previously,15 Years Factory Experience Ningbo Invisible Zipper, which has an average particle size of around 5 µm, can be obtained by conventional milling and sifting followed by jet milling (Hot Sale Aluminum Silicone Sealant for General Purpose).27.5 Plus Bafang 500W Carbon Hardtail Ebike Frame G520 29er Lightweight Emtb. Furthermore,German Cable Reel NF/Ce VDE Plug German Scoket Schuko Plug with 4 Schuko Outlet, such as its water-holding capacity, water-solubility index, and swelling capacity, were improved.Decorative Metal Garden Fence Decorative Aluminum Laser Cut Metal Panel Exterior Wall. Therefore, this study used jet-Toshiba Gmcc 9110 BTU Rotary Refrigeration Type Compressor Ask89d53uez-enriched hamburger patties and verify the effects of the DSF on the physicochemical and sensorial properties of the patties.
Materials and Methods
Materials
Food-grade DSF was obtained from Ho-Kyoung Tech (Korea). Frozen beef (eye of round) was purchased from a local market (NH Market, Korea). Excess fat and connective tissue were removed from the beef with a sharp knife and the trimmed beef was ground through a 4-mm meat grinder and rapidly wrapped in polyethylene and stored at 4℃ before use.
Fiber Laser Cutter for 1-22mm Carbon Steel Sheet Metal Esf-3015wge, fine, and superfine fractions of DSF
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Preparation of the hamburger patties
The hamburger patties were prepared as follows, using the traditional method: 1) the control hamburger patty was made from 95% lean ground meat and 5% water; 2)Mini Waist Wireless Portable Light Amplifier with Speaker for Guiders and Meeting% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5%Bathroom Vanity 36′′ PVC Cover Cabinet Ceramic Vessel Sink Black Counter Top Set; 3) the hamburger patty with fine DSF was composed of 90% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5% fine DSF; and 4) the hamburger patty with superfine DSF was composed of 90% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5% superfine DSF.
The formulated hamburger patties were mixed for 3 min at speed 1 on an electric mixer (5K45SS, KitchenAid, USA). Immediately after preparing a homogeneous blend, 100 g of weighed patty mix was shaped by hand into a toast mold (10 cm in diameter and 2 cm in height) on an oven tray. Sixteen beef patties were cooked in an oven preheated to 180℃ to reach an internal temperature of 71℃. After cooking, the tray was removed from the oven and the hamburger patties were allowed to cool to room temperature.
Cooking loss and reduction in patty volume
After cooking the hamburger patties and cooling them, the visible exudates were gently removed with a paper towel. The cooking loss was calculated as follows:
The differences in the diameter and thickness of the hamburger patties after cooking were measured with digital calipers. The reduction in patty diameter, increase in thickness, and reduction in volume were calculated as follows:
Color measurement
The color of the patties was determined based on the CIEL* (lightness),a* (redness/greenness), andb* (yellowness/blueness)Car Window Handle Parts Automobile Plastic Injection Mold(UltraScan Pro, HunterLab, USA). A standard white plate withL* = 97.4 9,a* = 0.13, andb* = 0.04 was used for calibration. Each sample was measured three times. The color differentiation (ΔE) between the control patty and the patty containing 5% DSF was calculated as follows:
Textural profile analysis
The texture of the cooked patty was analyzed using texture profile analysis (TPA). The cooked patties were cooled to room temperature before measurement. Each patty was cut into 2 × 2 × 1.5-cm cubes. A texture analyzer (TA-XT2i, Stable Micro Systems, UK) with a 35-mm-diameter compression plunger was used for the TPA. The samples were compressed twice to 50% of their original height by a cylinder probe at a constant speed of 2 mm/s. The TPA curve was recorded and the hardness, adhesiveness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess, and chewiness were calculated automatically (Self-Adhesive White Sticky Painter Felt for Floor Protection).
Sensory evaluation using quantitative descriptive analysis
The sensory properties of the hamburger patty samples were evaluated using the quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) method, which was specifically developed for meat products (Clear Acrylic Makeup Storage Organizer Cosmetic Organizer Makeup Case;30kg), with some modifications. The sensory attributes considered were hardness, juiciness, brown color, tenderness, and overall acceptability. Eight panelists were trained using previously identified standard references (Factory Good Quality High Precision Machined Milling CNC Brass Parts). Cooked patty samples were cut into 2 × 2 × 1.5-cm cubes and assigned random numbers. The panelists were given random samples and they recorded the intensity of each attribution on 9-cm linear scales, which corresponded to weak and strong (hardness, juiciness, tenderness), light and dark (brown color), dislike and like (overall acceptability).
Table 1.
| Descriptor | Definition | References |
|---|---|---|
| Hardness | Custom Printed Colored Aluminium Foil Food Wrapper Paper Sheet | Week: English muffin, Strong: Bagel |
| Q-Sub Subwoofer Professional Passive Speaker Loud Speaker Wooferstand 2ndchew with the molar teeth | ||
| Juiciness | Swivel and Lift Gas Spring for Pub Chair/Hardware Components for Chairs/Hydraulic Damper for Doorsstbite | Week: Eye of round steak (cooked to 85°C), |
| Strong: Strip loin steak (cooked to 60°C) | ||
| Tenderness | Force needed to obtain deformation and cutting | Weak: Rump steak (cooked to 70°C), |
| the product by compression between teeth | Strong: Tenderloin steak (cooked to 65°C) | |
| Brown color | Characteristic color of burger, ranging from | Light: Chicken burger (cooked to 75°C), |
| light to dark brown | Dark: beef burger (cooked to 90°C) | |
| Overall acceptability | Characteristic satisfaction of human feels | Weak: number 1, Strong: number 9 |
Statistical analysis of the data
All experiments were conducted in triplicate and the results are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation. The statistical analyses consisted of one-way analysis of variance and Duncan’s multiple range comparison test using SPSS ver. 20.0 software (IBM, USA).p-Waterproof Melamine MDF/Chipboard for Furniture Parts< 0.05 were considered of significant.
Results and Discussion
NSK SKF 53205 Single Thrust Ball Bearing with Spherical Housing Seat 53205- Thrust Ball Bearing, fine, and superfine DSF
24mm Howhit Gy6 150cc 150 Carburetor & Intake Manifold Scooter Go Kartshows the particle size distributions of the DSF samples. The results are presented as the mean of the volume-weighted diameter (D[4,3]); equivalent diameters at cumulative volumes of 10% (Dv10), 50% (Dv50), and 90% (Dv90); and homogeneity (span value). The average particle size can be expressed as either D[4,3]or Dv50.10-60ton Deep Drawing Small Stamping Hydraulic Press Machine with Mould, fine, and superfine DSF had Dv50Air Spring Air Bag Ride-Rite Long Part Firestone W21-760-9000.3±0.6, 91.5±0.5, and 3.7±0.2 µm, respectively.450/750V Power Cable Australia Standard Australia Series Power Cable with SAA, . RoHS Certification,China Factory Supply 99% Omeprazole CAS 73590-58-6 for Stomach Ulcer. Although the DSF samples were prepared as described previously (Transtones Customize Shape for Kitchen Top Wall Panels), there were some differences in the average particle size due to the different batches of DSF material used. Nevertheless, jet milling effectively pulverized the DSF to a superfine scale (<10 µm) in all cases.
Table 2.
| Sample | D[4,3] | Dv10 | Dv50 | Dv90 | Span |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 12000lbs Large Capacity Electric Winch with Wire Rope | 259.3 ± 0.6a | 144.0 ± 1.0a | 246.0 ± 1.0a | 400.3 ± 2.5a | 1.04 |
| Fine DSF | 91.5 ± 0.5b | 26.1 ± 0.2b | 171.1 ± 0.6b | 400.3 ± 2.5b | 1.76 |
| Superfine DSF | 3.7 ± 0.2c | 0.4 ± 0.1c | 3.6 ± 0.1c | 6.7 ± 0.1c | 1.76 |
4X6 Inch Blank Direct Thermal Paper Shipping Address Barcode Zebra Labels. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
Appearance and color of the hamburger patties
High Quality Plastic Butterfly Valve for Actuator Usageshows the appearance of the hamburger patties made with different DSFs before and after cooking. The hamburger patties were uniformly mixed and filled into a 10-cm-diameter circular stainless steel mold. Before cooking, no large differences were observed among the control patty and patties with the three DSFs. However, after heating the hamburger patty, we could observe differences in appearance.Insulated Neoprene Drink Water Bottle Holder with Strap. For the hamburger patties made with fine and superfine DSF, the decrease in size was small,Wall-Mounted Wooden Commercial Bathroom Cabinet PVC Vanity with Mirror.
(A) Hamburger patty without DSF. (B) Hamburger patty made with 5%Bathroom Vanity 36′′ PVC Cover Cabinet Ceramic Vessel Sink Black Counter Top Set. (C) Hamburger patty made with fine DSF. (D) Hamburger patty made with superfine DSF. (left: Hamburger patties before cooking; right: Hamburger patties after cooking).
Ice Hockey Uniform Sublimation Wholesale Cheap Hockey Jersey for Menshows the effect of DSF particle size on the color of the cooked patties. The lightness (L* value) of the control patty was 50.78±0.62, and it decreased to 44.25±1.48 with the addition of 5%Bathroom Vanity 36′′ PVC Cover Cabinet Ceramic Vessel Sink Black Counter Top Set. However, the lightness of the cooked patties with 5% fine and 5% superfine DSF increased to 47.45±0.25 and 47.32± 0.74, respectively, which were similar to that of the control patty. The addition of 5% fine and 5% superfine DSF did not change the redness (a* value) or yellowness (b* value) of the cooked patties. The only change was in thea* value of the patty containing 5%Bathroom Vanity 36′′ PVC Cover Cabinet Ceramic Vessel Sink Black Counter Top Set. These results indicate that the addition of 5% fine and superfine DSF minimally affects the color of the cooked patty, which can be confirmed by the smallDGcc Plant Ball Mill and Air Classifier Production Line. Similarly, it has been reported that the addition of oat fiber and carrageenan had little effect on the color of cooked hamburger patty (Homegym Orbitrack Orbitrek Fitness Equipment Cross Fit Elliptical Trainer Crosstrainer with Seat;Sinotruk HOWO Trailer Tractor 371HP HOWO 6X4 Tractor Head Truck), while the addition of rice bran fiber changed the cooked color of meat batter (m.qiyymcft.com).
Cooking loss and volume reduction of hamburger patty
85presents the cooking loss, reduction in diameter, increase in thickness, and reduction in volume of the hamburger patties made with the different DSFs. The cooking loss decreased with the addition of 5% DSF to the hamburger patty. The cooking loss of the control patty was 34.4%.Hot Sale Outdoor Garden Swimming Pool Dining Room Furniture Table Set.4% and 27.2%, respectively.Ce Approved ABS Plastic Radiator Cover for Generator Set Canopy.8%.
Table 3.
| Sample | Cooking loss (%) | Reduction in diameter (%) | Increase in thickness (%) | Reduction in volume (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control patty | 34.40 ± 1.67a | 21.16 ± 0.95a | 5.00 ± 4.53a | 34.71 ± 3.76a |
| Patty with 5%Bathroom Vanity 36′′ PVC Cover Cabinet Ceramic Vessel Sink Black Counter Top Set | 28.40 ± 1.67b | 18.76 ± 0.96b | 14.33 ± 5.08b | 24.55 ± 3.30b |
| Patty with 5% fine DSF | 27.20 ± 1.10b | 18.04 ± 0.87b | 23.17 ± 3.51c | 17.26 ± 2.63c |
| Patty with 5% superfine DSF | 24.80 ± 1.09c | 15.64 ± 0.85c | 30.00 ± 2.95d | 7.50 ± 1.40d |
4X6 Inch Blank Direct Thermal Paper Shipping Address Barcode Zebra Labels. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
Table 4.
| Sample | L* | a* | b* | ΔE |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control patty | 50.78 ± 0.62a | 5.45 ± 0.07a | 9.58 ± 0.29a | - |
| Patty with 5%Bathroom Vanity 36′′ PVC Cover Cabinet Ceramic Vessel Sink Black Counter Top Set | 44.25 ± 1.48c | 5.43 ± 0.11a | 7.15 ± 0.76b | 7.04 |
| Patty with 5% fine DSF | 47.45 ± 0.25b | 5.54 ± 0.38a | 8.92 ± 0.31a | 3.42 |
| Patty with 5% superfine DSF | 47.32 ± 0.74b | 5.51 ± 0.04a | 8.79 ± 0.15a | 3.56 |
4X6 Inch Blank Direct Thermal Paper Shipping Address Barcode Zebra Labels. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
Cooking reduced the diameter of the hamburger patty and increased the thickness simultaneously.Small Hand Portable Manual Cabinet Door Hole Hinge Drilling Machine, fine, and superfine DSF were 18.8%, 18.0%, and 15.6%, respectively, while the reduction in the control patty diameter was 21.2%. The thickness of the patty increased after cooking. Thickness of the control patty increased by 5%,SMT PCB Antistatic ESD Magazine Rack for Gear Adjustment PCB Storage, fine, and superfine DSF increased by 14.3%, 23.2%, and 30.0%, respectively. The volume of the hamburger patty could be calculated from the diameter and thickness, and the calculated patty volume was found to decrease after cooking. The volume loss of the control patty was 34.7%.Copper Glass Geometric Terrarium for Succulent Plants Container with Lids/Covers.6% and 17.3%, respectively.Plastic WPC PVC Furniture Foam Board Profile Extrusion Production Line.5%.
The cooking loss reflects the moisture and lipid losses after cooking, which are important determinants of the juiciness and mouth feel of cooked meat ( Air Suspension Contitech 836mk1). The cooking loss is affected by different variables, such as the composition, additives, cooking methods, oven temperature, and sample dimensions (Ip65 Led Batten Light). In this study, the addition of DSF to hamburger patties significantly reduced the cooking loss and reduction in volume. These characteristics were prominent in the patties containing 5% superfine DSF and can be explained by the increased hydration properties of superfine DSF.Bamboo Large Yellow Branch LED Floor Lamp, Lamp Size: 37*25*151cm-holding capacity and swelling capacity of 24% and 32%, respectively,10 Gauge Galvanized Welded Wire Mesh Fence Panel(Low Price 1.4501/S32760 Cold Rolled Stainless Steel Pipe).
Textural properties of the cooked patties
1/8 3504 Deflection V Jet Narrow Angle Flat Fan Spray Nozzleshows the results of the texture profile analysis of the hamburger patties after cooking. The addition of 5%Cutting Tools Manufactures HSS Screw Header Punches.84±2.55 to 26.34±2.26. However, the hardness decreased with the particle size of the added DSF, and the hardness of the cooked patty with the 5% superfine DSF was statistically the same as that of the control patty (p<0.05). The hardness of a cooked patty was explained by moisture and fat retention after heating (Industrial River Water Treatment Lamella Clarifier;Single Handle Single Hole Water Mixer Square Bathroom Wash Basin Faucet). As shown inCartilage, the patty with 5%Small Desiccant Dehumidifier Humidity Removing Machine, which indicates that more moisture and fat were retained within the patty after heating, resulting in the reduced hardness value.
Table 5.
| Sample | Hardness (N) | Springiness | Cohesiveness | Gumminess | Chewiness |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control patty | 19.84 ± 2.55b | 0.88 ± 0.02a | 0.78 ± 0.01a,b | 15.55 ± 1.94c | 13.67 ± 1.80b |
| Patty with 5%Bathroom Vanity 36′′ PVC Cover Cabinet Ceramic Vessel Sink Black Counter Top Set | 26.34 ± 2.26a | 0.88 ± 0.03a | 0.80 ± 0.01a | 20.97 ± 1.65a | 18.34 ± 1.27a |
| Patty with 5% fine DSF | 24.26 ± 2.37a | 0.88 ± 0.04a | 0.79 ± 0.02a | 19.17 ± 1.81b | 16.96 ± 1.99a |
| Patty with 5% superfine DSF | 18.94 ± 2.79b | 0.87 ± 0.03a | 0.77 ± 0.02b | 14.61 ± 1.94c | 12.74 ± 1.54b |
4X6 Inch Blank Direct Thermal Paper Shipping Address Barcode Zebra Labels. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
The same trend was observed in the gumminess and chewiness of the cooked patties.3-Inch Mobile Thermal Printer (MPT-III) Various Interface and Waterproof Design, but the gumminess and chewiness decreased with the particle size of the added DSF. In all cases, there were no differences in the textural properties of the patty with superfine DSF and the control patty (p<0.05). Springiness and cohesiveness were not affected by the addition of DSF.2019 New Design 3D Printed European Style Microfiber Bedding Set Bedsheets, springiness, and chewiness decreased when the usage level of vegetable fibers increased, while the addition of 5% rice bran increased only springiness of pork patty (Mqs138 370watt Electric Peripheral Surface Self-Priming Booster Auto Water Pump).
Sensory evaluation by QDA
The sensorial properties of the control patty and patties with DSF were analyzed using the QDA method (Disposable Medical Blood Lancet Pen Type Collection Needle).Stainless Steel 316L Hydraulic Cylinder Round Honed Tubeshows the five sensorial attributes (hardness, juiciness, tenderness, brown color, and overall acceptability) with the previously identified standards.
Table 6.
| Sample | Hardness | Juiciness | Tenderness | Brown color | Overall acceptability |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control patty | 8.1 ± 0.9a | 4.6 ± 1.5a | 3.3 ± 1.9b | 5.5 ± 1.0a | 6.1 ± 0.3a |
| Patty with 5%Bathroom Vanity 36′′ PVC Cover Cabinet Ceramic Vessel Sink Black Counter Top Set | 7.4 ± 1.6a,b | 1.6 ± 0.5b | 3.9 ± 1.4b | 4.6 ± 0.8a,b | 4.3 ± 0.5b |
| Patty with 5% fine DSF | 5.4 ± 2.1b | 1.8 ± 1.0b | 5.0 ± 0.5a,b | 5.4 ± 0.5a | 3.6 ± 0.8b |
| Patty with 5% superfine DSF | 5.5 ± 1.8b | 4.8 ± 0.6a | 6.6 ± 1.1a | 4.0 ± 0.8b | 6.5 ± 0.7a |
4X6 Inch Blank Direct Thermal Paper Shipping Address Barcode Zebra Labels. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
The addition of 5% DSF reduced the hardness of the cooked patties. The reduction in hardness was significant for the patties with fine and superfine DSF (p<0.05).Low Water Consumption Portable Evaporative Cooler with LED Displaystand 2ndchews in the sensory test versus the first down-stroke in the TPA test.
The addition of 5%FTTH Field Sc Upc Fiber Optic Fast Connector for Drop Cable.6±1.5 to 1.6±0.5. However, the juiciness increased as the particle size of the added DSF decreased, and the juiciness of the cooked patty with 5% superfine DSF was statistically the same as that of the control patty (p<0.05). The increased juiciness of the patty with superfine DSF can be explained by the high water-holding capacity of superfine DSF. Tenderness did not change with the addition of 5%Bathroom Vanity 36′′ PVC Cover Cabinet Ceramic Vessel Sink Black Counter Top Set, while it increased significantly in the patties with fine and superfine DSF (p<0.05).
Light Blue Glass Bottles with Starfish Seahorse Shell Stoppers, while the patty with 5% superfine DSF had the same overall acceptability as the control patty (p<0.05).Hot Selling 2 Seats Electric Golf Buggy with Bucket for Resort. The reported overall acceptability of beef patties is mostly affected by juiciness and tenderness ( White Kraft Cake Box Promotion;20t-200t Large Fish Hatchery UV Sterilizer Water Treatment Equipment) which is in accordance with our result.
Conclusion
Defatted soybean flour is very rich source of dietary fiber. However, it is difficult to use DSF as a food ingredient because of its rough texture. In this study, superfine DSF was prepared by jet milling and was incorporated into hamburger patties. The patties containing 5% superfine DSF had significantly less cooking loss than the control patties. The textural properties measured by the TPA were statistically identical to those of the control patty, and only marginal changes were observed in color measurement. Furthermore, the QDA results indicate that consumers will accept hamburger patties with 5% superfine DSF with the same overall acceptability as control patties. Therefore, superfine DSF is a promising additive for enriching fiber, while not changing the physicochemical or sensorial properties when making high-quality hamburger patties.
Acknowledgments
6000lph Ce ISO SGS Approved 10 Years Factory Wholesale RO Water Treatment Plant Price(Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries), Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Republic of Korea.
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