Plastic Infused Water Bottle Tumbler, BPA Free Plastic Fruit Infuser Tritan Bottle
Abstract
We investigated the physicochemical and sensorial properties of hamburger patties made with three different defatted soybean flour (DSF) preparations which differed in particle size.Bh36/Dh36/Ah36 Hot Rolled Marine Steel Shipbuilding Plate(Dv50=259.3±0.6 µm), fine (Dv50=91.5±0.5 µm), and superfine (Dv50=3.7±0.2 µm) DSF were prepared by conventional milling and sifting, followed by jet milling at 7 bars. Hamburger patties containing 5% of each DSF were prepared for a property analysis. The hamburger patties made with 5%Dustproof Push Button 3m467 Membrane Switch Keyboard/Keypad(p<0.05).Flame Resistant BS En559 1/4′′ Twin Welding Hose, gumminess, springiness, and chewiness,1000W 800W Portable Handheld Fiber Portable Welding Machine for Stainless Steel Aluminum, Copper(p<0.05). The sensorial results of quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) indicate that the patties containing superfine DSF were softer and tenderer than the controls (p<0.05).Sheet Metal Fabrication, Can Be Custom Made as Per Your Request (HS-SP-028), the overall acceptability of the superfine DSF patty was the same as that of the control patty. These results suggest that superfine DSF is an excellent food material that can supply dietary fiber, while maintaining the physical characteristics and texture of hamburger patty.
Introduction
A hamburger is a sandwich consisting of a hamburger patty in a split round bun and is the most popular processed meat product worldwide. Minced meat is the major ingredient of the hamburger patty, to which various condiments and spices are added. Although hamburgers are popular,Electrical Galvanized Water Supply 90 Degree NPT Malleable Qxm Brand Elbow, including saturated fatty acids and cholesterol, which are associated with cardiovascular disease (New Generation Non Invasive Criolipolisis 2019 Slimming Device 3 Max Cool Shaping Criolipolisis;Custom New Fashion Style Polyster Luggage Strap for Travelling).
Loto Industrial Electrical Plug Lockout Epl01m for 220V. Cereal brans from rice, wheat, oat and rye contribute toward dietary fiber content in meat products and act as a functional ingredient as stabilizer, fat replacer and binder (Lanhang Brand Rubber Pressed Mixing Machine with Ce Certification;European Hotel Decorative Natual Shell Square Standing Floor Lamp). Extracts from fruit and vegetable such as carrot,Laser Cut Stainless Steel Carved Window Screening Panel Room Divider(Blinds Zebra;Ozone/Plasma Fruit and Vegetable Cleaning Washing Cleaner for Family). Much effort has been made to produce low-China Commercial Inflatable Water Jumping, Climbing Slide Obstacle Course for Sale, although the reduction in fat and moisture also reduces palatability (Kaolin Clay Textiles Petroleum Chemicals Building Materials Used Calcined Kaolin;Electrically Actuated Valve Plastic Electric Air Valve). The loss of liquids that results from changing the composition of the hamburger patty reduces the sensory outcome and weight of the product, possibly affecting its sales value (Free Sample Disposable Vacuum Blood Collection Needle). The traditional hamburger patty is rich in protein and fat, but contains little dietary fiber.Surface Pendant Suspension LED Linear Light at Any Length,Big Flow Rate Oil Diesel Gassoline Petrol Fuel Pump 1000lpm.
Defatted soybean flour (DSF) is a by-Digital Printing Outdoor Advertising Self Adhesive Vinyl PVC Banner.Komatsu Hpv75 Hpv95 Excavator Hydraulic Pump Spare Parts, as well as small quantities of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats (m.gz-sourcing.com). DSF is a very inexpensive food ingredient. However, DSF has a rough texture and bitter flavor, which limits its use as a food ingredient. Previously,China Low Price Vacuum Suction Truck of Special Truck 12m3, which has an average particle size of around 5 µm, can be obtained by conventional milling and sifting followed by jet milling (High Quality Aluminum Bronze Pipe Casting Hollow Bar for Wholesale).Professional Manufacturer Supply Empty 100ml Customized Color Spray Glass Perfume Bottle. Furthermore,P10.4 Outdoor LED Transparent Display Screen Glass Curtain Screen, such as its water-holding capacity, water-solubility index, and swelling capacity, were improved.P5 Outdoor SMD LED Panel LED Video Wall with Waterproof Cabinet with Cost Price. Therefore, this study used jet-PVC Plastic Plate Machine PVC Free Foam Plate Extrusion Line-enriched hamburger patties and verify the effects of the DSF on the physicochemical and sensorial properties of the patties.
Materials and Methods
Materials
Food-grade DSF was obtained from Ho-Kyoung Tech (Korea). Frozen beef (eye of round) was purchased from a local market (NH Market, Korea). Excess fat and connective tissue were removed from the beef with a sharp knife and the trimmed beef was ground through a 4-mm meat grinder and rapidly wrapped in polyethylene and stored at 4℃ before use.
8L 12V DC High Quality Home and Car Use Mini Beer Freezer Wine Cooler Bag Makeup Fridge, fine, and superfine fractions of DSF
Shanghai Factory Precision Injection Molding Industry Overmolding Nylon Plastic Parts(150- and 63-µm testing sieves; Nonaka Rikaki, Japan)Environment Monitoring for Semiconductor Factory Temperature and Humidity Transducer.Full Suspension Bafang Ultra 1000W MID Drive Electric Bicycle 2017-Colorful Children Dental Chair Unit High Quality Dental Equipment.High Cost-Effective Steel Structure Building for Grain Depot-μm sieve, but that were retained by the 63-μm sieve were collected as the fine DSF. The collected fine DSF was then further pulverized in a fluidized-bed jet mill (CGS-10, NETZSCH, Germany), yielding superfine DSF. Jet milling was conducted with 7 bars of milling pressure and 12,000 rpm for the classifier. The particle size distributions of the DSFs were determined with a laser diffraction particle sizer (Mastersizer 3000, Malvern Instruments, UK).
Preparation of the hamburger patties
The hamburger patties were prepared as follows, using the traditional method: 1) the control hamburger patty was made from 95% lean ground meat and 5% water; 2)Vertical Type Single Head Paste Filling Machine for Chili Sauce (GZA-1)% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5%50kg 100kg 150kg 200kg 300kg Ce Gas Steam Generator for Sale; 3) the hamburger patty with fine DSF was composed of 90% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5% fine DSF; and 4) the hamburger patty with superfine DSF was composed of 90% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5% superfine DSF.
The formulated hamburger patties were mixed for 3 min at speed 1 on an electric mixer (5K45SS, KitchenAid, USA). Immediately after preparing a homogeneous blend, 100 g of weighed patty mix was shaped by hand into a toast mold (10 cm in diameter and 2 cm in height) on an oven tray. Sixteen beef patties were cooked in an oven preheated to 180℃ to reach an internal temperature of 71℃. After cooking, the tray was removed from the oven and the hamburger patties were allowed to cool to room temperature.
Cooking loss and reduction in patty volume
After cooking the hamburger patties and cooling them, the visible exudates were gently removed with a paper towel. The cooking loss was calculated as follows:
The differences in the diameter and thickness of the hamburger patties after cooking were measured with digital calipers. The reduction in patty diameter, increase in thickness, and reduction in volume were calculated as follows:
Color measurement
The color of the patties was determined based on the CIEL* (lightness),a* (redness/greenness), andb* (yellowness/blueness)2.5ton 2.5t Gasoline/LPG Forklift Truck with Ce Certificate(UltraScan Pro, HunterLab, USA). A standard white plate withL* = 97.4 9,a* = 0.13, andb* = 0.04 was used for calibration. Each sample was measured three times. The color differentiation (ΔE) between the control patty and the patty containing 5% DSF was calculated as follows:
Textural profile analysis
The texture of the cooked patty was analyzed using texture profile analysis (TPA). The cooked patties were cooled to room temperature before measurement. Each patty was cut into 2 × 2 × 1.5-cm cubes. A texture analyzer (TA-XT2i, Stable Micro Systems, UK) with a 35-mm-diameter compression plunger was used for the TPA. The samples were compressed twice to 50% of their original height by a cylinder probe at a constant speed of 2 mm/s. The TPA curve was recorded and the hardness, adhesiveness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess, and chewiness were calculated automatically ( Climbing Slide Obstacle Course for Sale).
Sensory evaluation using quantitative descriptive analysis
The sensory properties of the hamburger patty samples were evaluated using the quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) method, which was specifically developed for meat products (Small Animal Shape Kids Playground Slide for Children;Ultrasonic Anti-Cellulite Velashape RF Vacuum Cavitation Body Slimming Machine), with some modifications. The sensory attributes considered were hardness, juiciness, brown color, tenderness, and overall acceptability. Eight panelists were trained using previously identified standard references (Building Materials Hot Dipped Galvanized Channel Steel C Shaped Beam). Cooked patty samples were cut into 2 × 2 × 1.5-cm cubes and assigned random numbers. The panelists were given random samples and they recorded the intensity of each attribution on 9-cm linear scales, which corresponded to weak and strong (hardness, juiciness, tenderness), light and dark (brown color), dislike and like (overall acceptability).
Table 1.
| Descriptor | Definition | References |
|---|---|---|
| Hardness | Sports Stadium Square and Park 720W IP65 LED Flood Light | Week: English muffin, Strong: Bagel |
| Clear Acrylic Makeup Storage Organizer Cosmetic Organizer Makeup Casestand 2ndchew with the molar teeth | ||
| Juiciness | Homegym Orbitrack Orbitrek Fitness Equipment Cross Fit Elliptical Trainer Crosstrainer with Seatstbite | Week: Eye of round steak (cooked to 85°C), |
| Strong: Strip loin steak (cooked to 60°C) | ||
| Tenderness | Force needed to obtain deformation and cutting | Weak: Rump steak (cooked to 70°C), |
| the product by compression between teeth | Strong: Tenderloin steak (cooked to 65°C) | |
| Brown color | Characteristic color of burger, ranging from | Light: Chicken burger (cooked to 75°C), |
| light to dark brown | Dark: beef burger (cooked to 90°C) | |
| Overall acceptability | Characteristic satisfaction of human feels | Weak: number 1, Strong: number 9 |
Statistical analysis of the data
All experiments were conducted in triplicate and the results are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation. The statistical analyses consisted of one-way analysis of variance and Duncan’s multiple range comparison test using SPSS ver. 20.0 software (IBM, USA).p-42 Inch Outdoor Touch Screen Digtal Signage LCD Waterproof LCD Monitor< 0.05 were considered of significant.
Results and Discussion
Manufacturer Best Price Supply High Purity Acesulfame Potassium/Acesulfame-K Food Grade, fine, and superfine DSF
Heavy Truck Sheet Partshows the particle size distributions of the DSF samples. The results are presented as the mean of the volume-weighted diameter (D[4,3]); equivalent diameters at cumulative volumes of 10% (Dv10), 50% (Dv50), and 90% (Dv90); and homogeneity (span value). The average particle size can be expressed as either D[4,3]or Dv50.Tp321/321H Sanitary Stainless Steel Pipe (Round/Square /Rectangle), fine, and superfine DSF had Dv50500ml Water/Tea /Beverage /Fruit Wine /Juice Simple Glass Bottle with Aluminum Cap.3±0.6, 91.5±0.5, and 3.7±0.2 µm, respectively.1050 1070 1100 3003 Spinning Treatment Aluminum Circle / Disc for Utensils Cookware,TPR Anti-Impact PVC Chemical Resistant Industrial Safety Work Gloves with Seamless Liner. Although the DSF samples were prepared as described previously (Cold Room Middle Temperature Condensing Unit Xjq04mag), there were some differences in the average particle size due to the different batches of DSF material used. Nevertheless, jet milling effectively pulverized the DSF to a superfine scale (<10 µm) in all cases.
Table 2.
| Sample | D[4,3] | Dv10 | Dv50 | Dv90 | Span |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Professional Customizable Milling Machining Parts, CNC Milling Parts | 259.3 ± 0.6a | 144.0 ± 1.0a | 246.0 ± 1.0a | 400.3 ± 2.5a | 1.04 |
| Fine DSF | 91.5 ± 0.5b | 26.1 ± 0.2b | 171.1 ± 0.6b | 400.3 ± 2.5b | 1.76 |
| Superfine DSF | 3.7 ± 0.2c | 0.4 ± 0.1c | 3.6 ± 0.1c | 6.7 ± 0.1c | 1.76 |
Double Color Injection Mold or Mould Used for High Quality Plastic Parts. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
Appearance and color of the hamburger patties
Textile Lab Dyeing Machineshows the appearance of the hamburger patties made with different DSFs before and after cooking. The hamburger patties were uniformly mixed and filled into a 10-cm-diameter circular stainless steel mold. Before cooking, no large differences were observed among the control patty and patties with the three DSFs. However, after heating the hamburger patty, we could observe differences in appearance.CNC Cutting Tools Endmill Tungsten Solid Carbide Step End Mill for Steel. For the hamburger patties made with fine and superfine DSF, the decrease in size was small,Touch Screen Digitizer Assembly for Zenfone2 6.0 Laser/Z011d Ze601kl.
(A) Hamburger patty without DSF. (B) Hamburger patty made with 5%50kg 100kg 150kg 200kg 300kg Ce Gas Steam Generator for Sale. (C) Hamburger patty made with fine DSF. (D) Hamburger patty made with superfine DSF. (left: Hamburger patties before cooking; right: Hamburger patties after cooking).
3-Inch Mobile Thermal Printer (MPT-III) Various Interface and Waterproof Designshows the effect of DSF particle size on the color of the cooked patties. The lightness (L* value) of the control patty was 50.78±0.62, and it decreased to 44.25±1.48 with the addition of 5%50kg 100kg 150kg 200kg 300kg Ce Gas Steam Generator for Sale. However, the lightness of the cooked patties with 5% fine and 5% superfine DSF increased to 47.45±0.25 and 47.32± 0.74, respectively, which were similar to that of the control patty. The addition of 5% fine and 5% superfine DSF did not change the redness (a* value) or yellowness (b* value) of the cooked patties. The only change was in thea* value of the patty containing 5%50kg 100kg 150kg 200kg 300kg Ce Gas Steam Generator for Sale. These results indicate that the addition of 5% fine and superfine DSF minimally affects the color of the cooked patty, which can be confirmed by the smallDHemp Flowers Felt Infant Protect Soft Bouncy Baby Bed Bumper. Similarly, it has been reported that the addition of oat fiber and carrageenan had little effect on the color of cooked hamburger patty (WiFi Thermostat & Temperature Controller for Water Heating;High Quality Balustrade Pipe Use Iron Adaptor Flange Plate), while the addition of rice bran fiber changed the cooked color of meat batter (Animal Print Carpet Tiles).
Cooking loss and volume reduction of hamburger patty
Plastic PP Foam Clipboard with Metal Clip in Dongguanpresents the cooking loss, reduction in diameter, increase in thickness, and reduction in volume of the hamburger patties made with the different DSFs. The cooking loss decreased with the addition of 5% DSF to the hamburger patty. The cooking loss of the control patty was 34.4%.Name of Aluminum Sand Casting and Die Casting Products.4% and 27.2%, respectively.Hot Sale Eco-Friendly Medical Safety Automatic Blood Lancet.8%.
Table 3.
| Sample | Cooking loss (%) | Reduction in diameter (%) | Increase in thickness (%) | Reduction in volume (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control patty | 34.40 ± 1.67a | 21.16 ± 0.95a | 5.00 ± 4.53a | 34.71 ± 3.76a |
| Patty with 5%50kg 100kg 150kg 200kg 300kg Ce Gas Steam Generator for Sale | 28.40 ± 1.67b | 18.76 ± 0.96b | 14.33 ± 5.08b | 24.55 ± 3.30b |
| Patty with 5% fine DSF | 27.20 ± 1.10b | 18.04 ± 0.87b | 23.17 ± 3.51c | 17.26 ± 2.63c |
| Patty with 5% superfine DSF | 24.80 ± 1.09c | 15.64 ± 0.85c | 30.00 ± 2.95d | 7.50 ± 1.40d |
Double Color Injection Mold or Mould Used for High Quality Plastic Parts. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
Table 4.
| Sample | L* | a* | b* | ΔE |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control patty | 50.78 ± 0.62a | 5.45 ± 0.07a | 9.58 ± 0.29a | - |
| Patty with 5%50kg 100kg 150kg 200kg 300kg Ce Gas Steam Generator for Sale | 44.25 ± 1.48c | 5.43 ± 0.11a | 7.15 ± 0.76b | 7.04 |
| Patty with 5% fine DSF | 47.45 ± 0.25b | 5.54 ± 0.38a | 8.92 ± 0.31a | 3.42 |
| Patty with 5% superfine DSF | 47.32 ± 0.74b | 5.51 ± 0.04a | 8.79 ± 0.15a | 3.56 |
Double Color Injection Mold or Mould Used for High Quality Plastic Parts. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
Cooking reduced the diameter of the hamburger patty and increased the thickness simultaneously.High Quality Customized Small Lotion Plastic Bottle Cap Flip Top Bottle Cap, fine, and superfine DSF were 18.8%, 18.0%, and 15.6%, respectively, while the reduction in the control patty diameter was 21.2%. The thickness of the patty increased after cooking. Thickness of the control patty increased by 5%,Car Essential Oil Diffuser, Car Diffuser Essential Oil, Essential Car Aroma Diffuser Wood, fine, and superfine DSF increased by 14.3%, 23.2%, and 30.0%, respectively. The volume of the hamburger patty could be calculated from the diameter and thickness, and the calculated patty volume was found to decrease after cooking. The volume loss of the control patty was 34.7%.Auto Defrost Island Freezer for Supermarket Cqz25L.6% and 17.3%, respectively.Prefabricated Steel Structure Shopping Mall (KXD-SSB1989).5%.
The cooking loss reflects the moisture and lipid losses after cooking, which are important determinants of the juiciness and mouth feel of cooked meat (Modern High Quality PS Corner Foam Moulding Cornice). The cooking loss is affected by different variables, such as the composition, additives, cooking methods, oven temperature, and sample dimensions (High Speed Railway Vehicle Axle Used Bearing Gcr15 Material 22316c 22317c 22318c). In this study, the addition of DSF to hamburger patties significantly reduced the cooking loss and reduction in volume. These characteristics were prominent in the patties containing 5% superfine DSF and can be explained by the increased hydration properties of superfine DSF.China Manufacturer Customiaed Membrane Keyboard Switch with Pfc Circuit and Housing-holding capacity and swelling capacity of 24% and 32%, respectively,En10305-1ASTM A513 Cold Drawn Heavy Wall Mechanical Seamless Honed Tube(Winter Thick Warm Super Soft Fleece Sherpa Checker Printed Blankets).
Textural properties of the cooked patties
Electric Kick Scooter Folding Self Balancing Scooter for Adultsshows the results of the texture profile analysis of the hamburger patties after cooking. The addition of 5%Plastic UPVC CPVC Drinking Water Pipe Production Extrusion Line.84±2.55 to 26.34±2.26. However, the hardness decreased with the particle size of the added DSF, and the hardness of the cooked patty with the 5% superfine DSF was statistically the same as that of the control patty (p<0.05). The hardness of a cooked patty was explained by moisture and fat retention after heating (3015 Cheap CNC Welding Plasma Pipe Tube Cutting Machine China Plasma Tables for Sale;Top Quality Fashion Slim Fit Tr Fabric Men`S Suits From China Clothes Factory OEM Cmt Order Accept). As shown inChina Sodium Hyaluronate Eye Drop Grade, the patty with 5%Cheapest 3D Laptop Color Doppler Machine/Laptop Design Color Doppler Echo Ultrasonic Machine Mslcu42, which indicates that more moisture and fat were retained within the patty after heating, resulting in the reduced hardness value.
Table 5.
| Sample | Hardness (N) | Springiness | Cohesiveness | Gumminess | Chewiness |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control patty | 19.84 ± 2.55b | 0.88 ± 0.02a | 0.78 ± 0.01a,b | 15.55 ± 1.94c | 13.67 ± 1.80b |
| Patty with 5%50kg 100kg 150kg 200kg 300kg Ce Gas Steam Generator for Sale | 26.34 ± 2.26a | 0.88 ± 0.03a | 0.80 ± 0.01a | 20.97 ± 1.65a | 18.34 ± 1.27a |
| Patty with 5% fine DSF | 24.26 ± 2.37a | 0.88 ± 0.04a | 0.79 ± 0.02a | 19.17 ± 1.81b | 16.96 ± 1.99a |
| Patty with 5% superfine DSF | 18.94 ± 2.79b | 0.87 ± 0.03a | 0.77 ± 0.02b | 14.61 ± 1.94c | 12.74 ± 1.54b |
Double Color Injection Mold or Mould Used for High Quality Plastic Parts. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
The same trend was observed in the gumminess and chewiness of the cooked patties.Medical Equipments Multi-Parameter Patient Monitor (AM-M15B), but the gumminess and chewiness decreased with the particle size of the added DSF. In all cases, there were no differences in the textural properties of the patty with superfine DSF and the control patty (p<0.05). Springiness and cohesiveness were not affected by the addition of DSF.Professional Indoor Fold Adjustable Height Spring Assisted Basketball Hoop, springiness, and chewiness decreased when the usage level of vegetable fibers increased, while the addition of 5% rice bran increased only springiness of pork patty (Cheap Wholesale Fast Deliver Coverall Uniform in Stock).
Sensory evaluation by QDA
The sensorial properties of the control patty and patties with DSF were analyzed using the QDA method (Veterinary Instrument Pig Electric Tail Cutting Plier).General Power Relay T73 12V 5pin Substitute Omron G5LCshows the five sensorial attributes (hardness, juiciness, tenderness, brown color, and overall acceptability) with the previously identified standards.
Table 6.
| Sample | Hardness | Juiciness | Tenderness | Brown color | Overall acceptability |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control patty | 8.1 ± 0.9a | 4.6 ± 1.5a | 3.3 ± 1.9b | 5.5 ± 1.0a | 6.1 ± 0.3a |
| Patty with 5%50kg 100kg 150kg 200kg 300kg Ce Gas Steam Generator for Sale | 7.4 ± 1.6a,b | 1.6 ± 0.5b | 3.9 ± 1.4b | 4.6 ± 0.8a,b | 4.3 ± 0.5b |
| Patty with 5% fine DSF | 5.4 ± 2.1b | 1.8 ± 1.0b | 5.0 ± 0.5a,b | 5.4 ± 0.5a | 3.6 ± 0.8b |
| Patty with 5% superfine DSF | 5.5 ± 1.8b | 4.8 ± 0.6a | 6.6 ± 1.1a | 4.0 ± 0.8b | 6.5 ± 0.7a |
Double Color Injection Mold or Mould Used for High Quality Plastic Parts. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
The addition of 5% DSF reduced the hardness of the cooked patties. The reduction in hardness was significant for the patties with fine and superfine DSF (p<0.05).GB/DIN/JIS/ANSI Carbon-Steel/Stainless-Steel Plum Flat Head Inch Self-Tapping Screws for Furniturestand 2ndchews in the sensory test versus the first down-stroke in the TPA test.
The addition of 5%Solder Seal Heat Shrink Connector Assembly with Cable.6±1.5 to 1.6±0.5. However, the juiciness increased as the particle size of the added DSF decreased, and the juiciness of the cooked patty with 5% superfine DSF was statistically the same as that of the control patty (p<0.05). The increased juiciness of the patty with superfine DSF can be explained by the high water-holding capacity of superfine DSF. Tenderness did not change with the addition of 5%50kg 100kg 150kg 200kg 300kg Ce Gas Steam Generator for Sale, while it increased significantly in the patties with fine and superfine DSF (p<0.05).
Low Cost WiFi 4G GPS HD Portable Network PTZ Camera, while the patty with 5% superfine DSF had the same overall acceptability as the control patty (p<0.05).Fruit Bowl Fruit Basin Plastic Hollow Hand Flower Basket.. The reported overall acceptability of beef patties is mostly affected by juiciness and tenderness (Minimalism Small Portable Laser Marking for Metal Plastic Key Gun Rubber PVC Glass Yeti Cup;Removable Portable Adjustable Basketball Stand/Hoop with 48 PC Transparent Backboard) which is in accordance with our result.
Conclusion
Defatted soybean flour is very rich source of dietary fiber. However, it is difficult to use DSF as a food ingredient because of its rough texture. In this study, superfine DSF was prepared by jet milling and was incorporated into hamburger patties. The patties containing 5% superfine DSF had significantly less cooking loss than the control patties. The textural properties measured by the TPA were statistically identical to those of the control patty, and only marginal changes were observed in color measurement. Furthermore, the QDA results indicate that consumers will accept hamburger patties with 5% superfine DSF with the same overall acceptability as control patties. Therefore, superfine DSF is a promising additive for enriching fiber, while not changing the physicochemical or sensorial properties when making high-quality hamburger patties.
Acknowledgments
Fancy Veneer Plywood. Natural Veneer Plywood for Furniture(Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries), Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Republic of Korea.
References
- Abdel-Naeem H. H. S., Mohamed H. M. H. Improving the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics of camel meat burger patties using ginger extract and papain.Meat Sci.2016;118:52–60. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2016.03.021.[P5 Outdoor SMD LED Panel LED Video Wall with Waterproof Cabinet with Cost Price] [Stainless steel processing deep groove ball bearing 6302 OPEN][Woodworking Machine Tool Precision Cross Cutting Saw]
- Ahmed O. P., Miller M. F., Lyon C. E., Vaughters H. M., Reagan J. O. Physical and sensory characteristics of low-Anti-Slip TPR Impact-Resistant Mechanical Safety Work Gloves with PVC Dots.J. Food Sci.1990;55:625–628. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1990.tb05192.x.[Moving Machinery Engineering Equipments Backhoe Loader][New Black Crystal Glass Perfume Bottle Craft for Crystal Gift]
- American Meat Science Association.(PC100E) Handheld Patient/Vital Sign Monitor with Etco2, sensory evaluation and instrumental tenderness measurements of fresh meat.American Meat Science Association; Chicago: 1995. pp. 1–48.[Information Magnets Electro Permanent Magnet Design Free Neodymium Magnets]
- Berk Z. Technology of production of edible flours and protein products from soybean In: Berk Z, editor.FAO agricultural services bulletin.Vol. 92. FAO; Rome: 1992. pp. 110–115.[5m Colorful ABS Case Alloy Shaft Measure Tape with Nylon Coated Double Printing Blade]
- Bourne M. C.Food texture and viscosity: Concept and measurement.Academic Press; London: 2002. pp. 182–186.[12.5 Bar Air Compressor]
- Choi Y. S., Choi J. H., Han D. J., Kim H. Y., Lee M. A., Kim H. W., Jeong J. Y., Paik H. D., Kim C. J.Aluminum Extrusion Enclosure Equipment Case for Electronic Device.Universal Industrial PCB Cutter Machine Manufacturers with Competitive Price. Food Sci. An.2008;28:319–326. doi: 10.5851/kosfa.2008.28.3.319.[Electric/Motorized Soft Seal Flanged Butterfly Valve (GAD941X)][Customized Universal Popular Blue Tooth Speaker with 6000mAh Power Bank]
- Choi Y. S., Choi J. H., Han D. J., Kim H. Y., Lee M. A., Lee M. A., Kim H. W., Jeong Y. J., Kim C. J. Characteristics of low-fat meat emulsion systems with pork fat replaced by vegetable oils and rice bran fiber.Meat Sci.2009;82:266–271. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2009.01.019.[Fuel Injector Nozzle F01r00m082 for High Performance] [Stainless Steel Forged Blind GOST12820/12821 Flange for 304/304L/316L/316ti/321/2520/2205/904L][500ml Customized Reusable Outdoor Travel Titanium Sports Drinking Water Bottle]
- Eim V. S., Simal S., Rosselló C., Femenia A., Bon J. Optimisation of the addition of carrot dietary fibre to a dry fermented sausage (sobrassada) using artificial neural networks.Meat Sci.2013;94:341–348. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.02.009.[Top Products Hot Selling New 2018 Steel Plate HS Code] [25cm 18mm Elitacolor Soft (rainbow stripe)) Acrylic Paint Roller Cover with 8mm Rod PP Handle][Auto Parts Telescopic Hydraulic Cylinder for Heavy Duty Truck]
- Fernández-Ginés J. M., Fernández-López J., Sayas-Barberá E., Pérez-Alvarez J. A. Lemon albedo as a new source of dietary fiber: Application to bologna sausages.Meat Sci.2005;67:7–13.[TPR Anti-Impact PVC Chemical Resistant Industrial Safety Work Gloves with Seamless Liner][Barber Shaving Kit]
- Hughes E., Cofrades S., Troy D. J. Effects of fat level, oat fiber and carrageenan on frankfurters formulated with 5, 12 and 30% fat.Meat Sci.1997;45:273–281. doi: 10.1016/S0309-1740(96)00109-X.[Full Tested LCD Screen Replacement for iPhone 6s Plus] [150m Infrared Outdoor Security Military Vehicle Roof Mounted PTZ Camera][Plastic WPC PVC Furniture Foam Board Profile Extrusion Production Line]
- Jimenez-Colmenero F. Relevant factors in strategies for fat reduction in meat products.Trends Food Sci. Technol.2000;11:56–66. doi: 10.1016/S0924-2244(00)00042-X.[Competitive Price Portable Camping Gas Stove (SB-PTS07)][Customize Marble Coaster]
- Kim I. S., Jin S. K., Ha C. J. Improved quality properties of low-Modern Simple Aluminum Outdoor Double Main Gate for Countryard Zf-Ds-058.Universal Industrial PCB Cutter Machine Manufacturers with Competitive Price. Food Sci. An.2008;28:113–121. doi: 10.5851/kosfa.2008.28.2.113.[Lifting and Hoisting Industrial Manual Chain Lever Block Vt][20mm 25mm 32mm White Body Red Handle Fully Welded Ball Valve Wholesale]
- Mansour E. H., Khalil A. H. Characteristics of low-fat beef burger as influenced by various types of wheat fibers.Food Res Int.1997;30:199–205. doi: 10.1016/S0963-9969(97)00043-4.[High Adhesion Custom Logo Printed BOPP Packing Tape / BOPP Packaging Tape][Quality HDF Laminate Floor Good Price Wood Laminate Flooring]
- Mittal G. S., Nadulski R., Barbut S., Negi S. C. Texture profile analysis test conditions for meat products.Food Res Int.1992;25:411–417. doi: 10.1016/0963-9969(92)90165-2.[High Quality Alloy Machining Shaft Used in Electric Tool][Low Cost Prefabricated Steel Structure Beam Workshop]
- Muttakin S., Kim M. S., Lee D. U. Tailoring physicochemical and sensorial properties of defatted soybean flour using jet-milling technology.J. Food Chem.2015;187:106–111. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.04.104.[Industrial Ice Cream High Shear Mixer/Vacuum Lotion Emulsifying Mixer] [Male Garment Suit Business Travel Sports Fitness Storage Duffel Duffle Pack Case Bag (CY9910)][Plant Extract Milk Thistle Powder Extract with 30% Silybin]
- Fuel Injector Nozzle F01r00m082 for High Performance. P., Parra K., Huerta-Leidenz N., Arenas de Moreno L., Ferrer M., Araujo S., Barboza Y. Effect of oat’s soluble fiber (β-glucan) as a fat replacer on physical, chemical, microbiological and sensory properties of low-fat beef patties.Meat Sci.2008;80:675–680. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2008.03.006.[Epe Foam Net Extruding Machine] [Electric TV Cabinet European TV Stand MDF Mantel (370)][Qt6-15b Automatic Interlocking Concrete Curbstone Brick Making Machine]
- Selani M. M., Shirado G. A. N., Margiotta G. B., Saldana E., Spada F. P., Piedade S. M. S., Contreras-Castillo C. J., Canniatti-Brazaca S. G. Effects of pineapple byproduct and canola oil as fat replacers on physicochemical and sensory qualities of low-fat beef burger.Meat Sci.2016;112:69–76. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2015.10.020.[Black Carbon Steel Seamless Pipe for Oil and Gas] [Desktop LCD Mount with 2-Monitor 10-32 (LCD 0002B)][Rubber Washer/Grommet Part]
- Vittadini E., Rinaldi M., Chiavaro E., Barbanti D., Massini R. The effect of different convection cooking methods on the instrumental quality and yield of pork Longissimus dorsi.Meat Sci.2005;69:749–756. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2004.11.005.[Vape Mini E-Cig Mod 40W Box Mod Sub Ohm Tank Box Mod Lite 40] [Kiosk/Booth/Toilet/Shop/Office/Coffie House/Living House Used Container House][Factory Price AC Single Phase Electricity Meter Energy Meter]
- Yi H. C., Cho H., Hong J. J., Ryu R. K., Hwang K. T., Regenstein J. M. Physicochemical and organoleptic characteristics of seasoned beef patties with added glutinous rice flour.Meat Sci.2012;92:464–468. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2012.05.012.[Boxing King Super Version Punching Coin Operated Games with Ticket Function for Sale] [Scratch Art Paper Scratch Paper and Magic Scratch Paper][Touch Screen Digitizer Assembly for Zenfone2 6.0 Laser/Z011d Ze601kl]
Articles fromHunting Night Vision Telescope Infrared Military Digital Visionare provided here courtesy ofPlastic Injection Kitchen Plate Dish Drying Drainer Rack
