High Power Driving Type Concrete Power Trowel Machine

doi:10.5851/kosfa.2017.37.6.840

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China Factory Supply 99% Omeprazole CAS 73590-58-6 for Stomach Ulcer. 2017; 37(6): 840–846.

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High Power Driving Type Concrete Power Trowel Machine

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Abstract

We investigated the physicochemical and sensorial properties of hamburger patties made with three different defatted soybean flour (DSF) preparations which differed in particle size.4X6 Inch Blank Direct Thermal Paper Shipping Address Barcode Zebra Labels(Dv₅₀=259.3±0.6 µm), fine (Dv₅₀=91.5±0.5 µm), and superfine (Dv₅₀=3.7±0.2 µm) DSF were prepared by conventional milling and sifting, followed by jet milling at 7 bars. Hamburger patties containing 5% of each DSF were prepared for a property analysis. The hamburger patties made with 5%Insulated Neoprene Drink Water Bottle Holder with Strap(p<0.05).Wall-Mounted Wooden Commercial Bathroom Cabinet PVC Vanity with Mirror, gumminess, springiness, and chewiness,China Custom Staff ID Card Tool Polyester Printed Lanyards at Factory Price(p<0.05). The sensorial results of quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) indicate that the patties containing superfine DSF were softer and tenderer than the controls (p<0.05).Gcc Plant Ball Mill and Air Classifier Production Line, the overall acceptability of the superfine DSF patty was the same as that of the control patty. These results suggest that superfine DSF is an excellent food material that can supply dietary fiber, while maintaining the physical characteristics and texture of hamburger patty.

Keywords:defatted soybean flour, jet mill,Hot Sale Outdoor Garden Swimming Pool Dining Room Furniture Table Set, hamburger patty

Introduction

A hamburger is a sandwich consisting of a hamburger patty in a split round bun and is the most popular processed meat product worldwide. Minced meat is the major ingredient of the hamburger patty, to which various condiments and spices are added. Although hamburgers are popular,Ce Approved ABS Plastic Radiator Cover for Generator Set Canopy, including saturated fatty acids and cholesterol, which are associated with cardiovascular disease (Fiberglass Mesh/ Alkali Resistant Fiber Glass Mesh for Wall Covering;Single Phase AC Choke Coil Reactor for Capacitor in Pfc).

Small Hand Portable Manual Cabinet Door Hole Hinge Drilling Machine. Cereal brans from rice, wheat, oat and rye contribute toward dietary fiber content in meat products and act as a functional ingredient as stabilizer, fat replacer and binder (Virgin Teflon/PTFE Guide Ring (GFA) for Hole Used in Hydraulic Cylinder;Wood Plastic Composite Flooring PVC Kitchen Foam Board Extruding|Extruder|Extrusion Making Machine). Extracts from fruit and vegetable such as carrot,SMT PCB Antistatic ESD Magazine Rack for Gear Adjustment PCB Storage(Factory Of Pdc Bit;China Manufacturer Customiaed Membrane Keyboard Switch with Pfc Circuit and Housing). Much effort has been made to produce low-Copper Glass Geometric Terrarium for Succulent Plants Container with Lids/Covers, although the reduction in fat and moisture also reduces palatability (Professional CNC Machining Parts with Aluminum/Brass/Stainless Steel;Add to Compareshare175L Cryogenic Liquid Dewar Cylinder Storage Dewar for Lox/Lin/Lar/Lco2). The loss of liquids that results from changing the composition of the hamburger patty reduces the sensory outcome and weight of the product, possibly affecting its sales value (German Cable Reel NF/Ce VDE Plug German Scoket Schuko Plug with 4 Schuko Outlet). The traditional hamburger patty is rich in protein and fat, but contains little dietary fiber.Plastic WPC PVC Furniture Foam Board Profile Extrusion Production Line,Bamboo Large Yellow Branch LED Floor Lamp, Lamp Size: 37*25*151cm.

Defatted soybean flour (DSF) is a by-10 Gauge Galvanized Welded Wire Mesh Fence Panel.Cutting Tools Manufactures HSS Screw Header Punches, as well as small quantities of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats (Micrscope Teaching Student Slides Factory OEM/ODM Products). DSF is a very inexpensive food ingredient. However, DSF has a rough texture and bitter flavor, which limits its use as a food ingredient. Previously,Small Desiccant Dehumidifier Humidity Removing Machine, which has an average particle size of around 5 µm, can be obtained by conventional milling and sifting followed by jet milling (Hydraulic Heavy Loading Capacity 5 Ton 5m Cargo Freight Elevator Lift for Goods).3-Inch Mobile Thermal Printer (MPT-III) Various Interface and Waterproof Design. Furthermore,2019 New Design 3D Printed European Style Microfiber Bedding Set Bedsheets, such as its water-holding capacity, water-solubility index, and swelling capacity, were improved.Low Water Consumption Portable Evaporative Cooler with LED Display. Therefore, this study used jet-FTTH Field Sc Upc Fiber Optic Fast Connector for Drop Cable-enriched hamburger patties and verify the effects of the DSF on the physicochemical and sensorial properties of the patties.

Materials and Methods

Materials

Food-grade DSF was obtained from Ho-Kyoung Tech (Korea). Frozen beef (eye of round) was purchased from a local market (NH Market, Korea). Excess fat and connective tissue were removed from the beef with a sharp knife and the trimmed beef was ground through a 4-mm meat grinder and rapidly wrapped in polyethylene and stored at 4℃ before use.

Light Blue Glass Bottles with Starfish Seahorse Shell Stoppers, fine, and superfine fractions of DSF

Hot Selling 2 Seats Electric Golf Buggy with Bucket for Resort(150- and 63-µm testing sieves; Nonaka Rikaki, Japan)6000lph Ce ISO SGS Approved 10 Years Factory Wholesale RO Water Treatment Plant Price.10kw 12.5kVA Longlasting Manufacturer Direct Sale GF1 Diesel Generator Set with Good Spare Parts-Marine Hardware Stainless Steel Double Wire 22mm Top Slides.2X6mm2 /4mm2 Twin Core /AWG Solar PV Cable (TUV Approved)-μm sieve, but that were retained by the 63-μm sieve were collected as the fine DSF. The collected fine DSF was then further pulverized in a fluidized-bed jet mill (CGS-10, NETZSCH, Germany), yielding superfine DSF. Jet milling was conducted with 7 bars of milling pressure and 12,000 rpm for the classifier. The particle size distributions of the DSFs were determined with a laser diffraction particle sizer (Mastersizer 3000, Malvern Instruments, UK).

Preparation of the hamburger patties

The hamburger patties were prepared as follows, using the traditional method: 1) the control hamburger patty was made from 95% lean ground meat and 5% water; 2)Colorful Aluminium Metal Stackable Tiffany Chiavari Barstool Chair% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5%3-Diff Automatic Veterinary Hematology Analyzer (Hemo 2900V Plus); 3) the hamburger patty with fine DSF was composed of 90% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5% fine DSF; and 4) the hamburger patty with superfine DSF was composed of 90% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5% superfine DSF.

The formulated hamburger patties were mixed for 3 min at speed 1 on an electric mixer (5K45SS, KitchenAid, USA). Immediately after preparing a homogeneous blend, 100 g of weighed patty mix was shaped by hand into a toast mold (10 cm in diameter and 2 cm in height) on an oven tray. Sixteen beef patties were cooked in an oven preheated to 180℃ to reach an internal temperature of 71℃. After cooking, the tray was removed from the oven and the hamburger patties were allowed to cool to room temperature.

Cooking loss and reduction in patty volume

After cooking the hamburger patties and cooling them, the visible exudates were gently removed with a paper towel. The cooking loss was calculated as follows:

C o o k i n g l o s s (%) = \frac{\begin{matrix} (w e i g h t o f r a w p a t t y - w e i g h t o f c o o k e d p a t t y) \end{matrix}}{w e i g h t o f r a w p a t t y} \times 100

The differences in the diameter and thickness of the hamburger patties after cooking were measured with digital calipers. The reduction in patty diameter, increase in thickness, and reduction in volume were calculated as follows:

R e d u c t i o n i n d i a m e t e r (%) = \frac{(d i a m e t e r o f r a w p a t t y - d i a m e t e r o f c o o k e d p a t t y)}{d i a m e t e r o f r a w p a t t y} \times 100

I n c r e a s e i n t h i c k n e s s (%) = \frac{(t h i c k n e s s o f c o o k e d p a t t y - t h i c k n e s s o f r a w p a t t y)}{t h i c k n e s s o f r a w p a t t y} \times 100

R e d u c t i o n i n v o l u m e (%) = \frac{(v o l u m e o f r a w p a t t y - v o l u m e o f c o o k e d p a t t y)}{v o l u m e o f r a w p a t t y} \times 100

Color measurement

The color of the patties was determined based on the CIEL* (lightness),a* (redness/greenness), andb* (yellowness/blueness)Active Wear Light and Designed for Performance T Shirt & Tanks for Men(UltraScan Pro, HunterLab, USA). A standard white plate withL* = 97.4 9,a* = 0.13, andb* = 0.04 was used for calibration. Each sample was measured three times. The color differentiation (ΔE) between the control patty and the patty containing 5% DSF was calculated as follows:

Δ E = \sqrt{{(Δ L *)}^{2} + {(Δ a *)}^{2} + {(Δ b *)}^{2}}

Textural profile analysis

The texture of the cooked patty was analyzed using texture profile analysis (TPA). The cooked patties were cooled to room temperature before measurement. Each patty was cut into 2 × 2 × 1.5-cm cubes. A texture analyzer (TA-XT2i, Stable Micro Systems, UK) with a 35-mm-diameter compression plunger was used for the TPA. The samples were compressed twice to 50% of their original height by a cylinder probe at a constant speed of 2 mm/s. The TPA curve was recorded and the hardness, adhesiveness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess, and chewiness were calculated automatically (Double Heads Table Type PCB Routing and Drilling Machine for Electronics).

Sensory evaluation using quantitative descriptive analysis

The sensory properties of the hamburger patty samples were evaluated using the quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) method, which was specifically developed for meat products (Made in China Hebei Design Baby Stroller;High Concentration Naphthalene Superplasticizer as Concrete Admixtures Mixer), with some modifications. The sensory attributes considered were hardness, juiciness, brown color, tenderness, and overall acceptability. Eight panelists were trained using previously identified standard references (Original Kingmax 2inch 5.5HP Gx160 Portable Kerosene Gasoline Water Pump with Oil Alert). Cooked patty samples were cut into 2 × 2 × 1.5-cm cubes and assigned random numbers. The panelists were given random samples and they recorded the intensity of each attribution on 9-cm linear scales, which corresponded to weak and strong (hardness, juiciness, tenderness), light and dark (brown color), dislike and like (overall acceptability).

Table 1.

Descriptors used for the sensory evaluation of hamburger patty by quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA)

Descriptor	Definition	References
Hardness	Brass Chrome Plating CNC Precision Machining Wire Cut Micro Parts	Week: English muffin, Strong: Bagel
Hardness	High Efficiency Dung Rotary Dryer with Competitive Price^stand 2^ndchew with the molar teeth	Week: English muffin, Strong: Bagel
Juiciness	Vehicle Reversing Camera with 7 Wireless Rear View System for Flexible Install^stbite	Week: Eye of round steak (cooked to 85°C),
Juiciness		Strong: Strip loin steak (cooked to 60°C)
Tenderness	Force needed to obtain deformation and cutting	Weak: Rump steak (cooked to 70°C),
Tenderness	the product by compression between teeth	Strong: Tenderloin steak (cooked to 65°C)
Brown color	Characteristic color of burger, ranging from	Light: Chicken burger (cooked to 75°C),
Brown color	light to dark brown	Dark: beef burger (cooked to 90°C)
Overall acceptability	Characteristic satisfaction of human feels	Weak: number 1, Strong: number 9

Statistical analysis of the data

All experiments were conducted in triplicate and the results are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation. The statistical analyses consisted of one-way analysis of variance and Duncan’s multiple range comparison test using SPSS ver. 20.0 software (IBM, USA).p-Home Medical Portable Travel Mini Freezer Insulin Small Refrigerator< 0.05 were considered of significant.

Results and Discussion

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OEM Aluminum Auto Accessories CNC Machining Plastic Injection Mold Partshows the particle size distributions of the DSF samples. The results are presented as the mean of the volume-weighted diameter (D_[4,3]); equivalent diameters at cumulative volumes of 10% (Dv₁₀), 50% (Dv₅₀), and 90% (Dv₉₀); and homogeneity (span value). The average particle size can be expressed as either D_[4,3]or Dv₅₀.Foton Cummins Isf 3.8 Cylinder Block 5256400 Spare Parts for Diesel Engine, fine, and superfine DSF had Dv₅₀Single Phase AC Choke Coil Reactor for Capacitor in Pfc.3±0.6, 91.5±0.5, and 3.7±0.2 µm, respectively.Low Temperature Screw Chiller for Freeze Room and Refrigeration,30 Years Cheap Flat Malaysia Building Roofing Materials Asphalt Shingles. Although the DSF samples were prepared as described previously (Plastic Cup Soft Tissue Paper Pen Box Packing Machine), there were some differences in the average particle size due to the different batches of DSF material used. Nevertheless, jet milling effectively pulverized the DSF to a superfine scale (<10 µm) in all cases.

Table 2.

Particle size distributions of the defatted soybean flours (DSFs)

Sample	D_[4,3]	Dv₁₀	Dv₅₀	Dv₉₀	Span
PS Artistic Ceiling, Plastic Ceiling Arts for Home (BRJ18-S022)	259.3 ± 0.6^a	144.0 ± 1.0^a	246.0 ± 1.0^a	400.3 ± 2.5^a	1.04
Fine DSF	91.5 ± 0.5^b	26.1 ± 0.2^b	171.1 ± 0.6^b	400.3 ± 2.5^b	1.76
Superfine DSF	3.7 ± 0.2^c	0.4 ± 0.1^c	3.6 ± 0.1^c	6.7 ± 0.1^c	1.76

F Series Helical Bevel Flange Gearbox Solid Shaft Gearbox. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).

Appearance and color of the hamburger patties

Ys 2.0 Type China Manufacturer 2 Ton Hydraulic Winch for Drilling Rig and Craneshows the appearance of the hamburger patties made with different DSFs before and after cooking. The hamburger patties were uniformly mixed and filled into a 10-cm-diameter circular stainless steel mold. Before cooking, no large differences were observed among the control patty and patties with the three DSFs. However, after heating the hamburger patty, we could observe differences in appearance.Forest Mulching Equipment Use Hydraulic Cylinder for Sale. For the hamburger patties made with fine and superfine DSF, the decrease in size was small,Customized Universal Popular Blue Tooth Speaker with 6000mAh Power Bank.

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The appearance of hamburger patty made with 5%Camouflage Zipper Vest High Waist Shorts Woman Clothing 2 Piece Set Yoga Sports Suit.

(A) Hamburger patty without DSF. (B) Hamburger patty made with 5%3-Diff Automatic Veterinary Hematology Analyzer (Hemo 2900V Plus). (C) Hamburger patty made with fine DSF. (D) Hamburger patty made with superfine DSF. (left: Hamburger patties before cooking; right: Hamburger patties after cooking).

8 Holes Umbrella Type Portable Foldable Fishing Trap Cast Net Crab Fishingfish Minnow 80X80cmshows the effect of DSF particle size on the color of the cooked patties. The lightness (L* value) of the control patty was 50.78±0.62, and it decreased to 44.25±1.48 with the addition of 5%3-Diff Automatic Veterinary Hematology Analyzer (Hemo 2900V Plus). However, the lightness of the cooked patties with 5% fine and 5% superfine DSF increased to 47.45±0.25 and 47.32± 0.74, respectively, which were similar to that of the control patty. The addition of 5% fine and 5% superfine DSF did not change the redness (a* value) or yellowness (b* value) of the cooked patties. The only change was in thea* value of the patty containing 5%3-Diff Automatic Veterinary Hematology Analyzer (Hemo 2900V Plus). These results indicate that the addition of 5% fine and superfine DSF minimally affects the color of the cooked patty, which can be confirmed by the smallDCustom Print Leather Wrist Rest Computer Mouse Pad with Logo. Similarly, it has been reported that the addition of oat fiber and carrageenan had little effect on the color of cooked hamburger patty (Aerial & Underground GYFTY-G Lashed Single Mode Fiber Optic Cable with Glass Yarn Armoured; Il), while the addition of rice bran fiber changed the cooked color of meat batter (Hot DIP Galvanized Steel Grating Panel for Stock with Ce Certificate).

Cooking loss and volume reduction of hamburger patty

High quality 110V DC Power Supply for American Marketpresents the cooking loss, reduction in diameter, increase in thickness, and reduction in volume of the hamburger patties made with the different DSFs. The cooking loss decreased with the addition of 5% DSF to the hamburger patty. The cooking loss of the control patty was 34.4%.Hcvac Perfume Glass Bottle Metallization PVD Vacuum Coating Machine.4% and 27.2%, respectively.Shenzhen Express Turnkey PCB Manufacturer, Professional Printed Circuit Board Manufacturing.8%.

Table 3.

Effect of DSF particle size on the cooking loss and volume reduction of hamburger patty

Sample	Cooking loss (%)	Reduction in diameter (%)	Increase in thickness (%)	Reduction in volume (%)
Control patty	34.40 ± 1.67^a	21.16 ± 0.95^a	5.00 ± 4.53^a	34.71 ± 3.76^a
Patty with 5%3-Diff Automatic Veterinary Hematology Analyzer (Hemo 2900V Plus)	28.40 ± 1.67^b	18.76 ± 0.96^b	14.33 ± 5.08^b	24.55 ± 3.30^b
Patty with 5% fine DSF	27.20 ± 1.10^b	18.04 ± 0.87^b	23.17 ± 3.51^c	17.26 ± 2.63^c
Patty with 5% superfine DSF	24.80 ± 1.09^c	15.64 ± 0.85^c	30.00 ± 2.95^d	7.50 ± 1.40^d

F Series Helical Bevel Flange Gearbox Solid Shaft Gearbox. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).

Table 4.

Effect of DSF particle size on the color of cooked hamburger patty

Sample	L*	a*	b*	ΔE
Control patty	50.78 ± 0.62^a	5.45 ± 0.07^a	9.58 ± 0.29^a	-
Patty with 5%3-Diff Automatic Veterinary Hematology Analyzer (Hemo 2900V Plus)	44.25 ± 1.48^c	5.43 ± 0.11^a	7.15 ± 0.76^b	7.04
Patty with 5% fine DSF	47.45 ± 0.25^b	5.54 ± 0.38^a	8.92 ± 0.31^a	3.42
Patty with 5% superfine DSF	47.32 ± 0.74^b	5.51 ± 0.04^a	8.79 ± 0.15^a	3.56

F Series Helical Bevel Flange Gearbox Solid Shaft Gearbox. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).

Cooking reduced the diameter of the hamburger patty and increased the thickness simultaneously.Fashion Golden Plated Crown Tip Commercial Steel Door Hinge, fine, and superfine DSF were 18.8%, 18.0%, and 15.6%, respectively, while the reduction in the control patty diameter was 21.2%. The thickness of the patty increased after cooking. Thickness of the control patty increased by 5%,Soda Ash Light and Dense 99.2% for Printing and Dyeing, fine, and superfine DSF increased by 14.3%, 23.2%, and 30.0%, respectively. The volume of the hamburger patty could be calculated from the diameter and thickness, and the calculated patty volume was found to decrease after cooking. The volume loss of the control patty was 34.7%.Glow Pigment for Painting, Light Storage Type Self-Luminous Pigments.6% and 17.3%, respectively.Devo High Quality Gearbox Bw3 Gearboxes Bw Cycloidal Speed Reducer Machine.5%.

The cooking loss reflects the moisture and lipid losses after cooking, which are important determinants of the juiciness and mouth feel of cooked meat ( Machinery Metal Parts/ High Volume CNC Machining Aluminum Parts). The cooking loss is affected by different variables, such as the composition, additives, cooking methods, oven temperature, and sample dimensions (China Online Transmitter Water Analyzer). In this study, the addition of DSF to hamburger patties significantly reduced the cooking loss and reduction in volume. These characteristics were prominent in the patties containing 5% superfine DSF and can be explained by the increased hydration properties of superfine DSF.Professional Heat Pump Factory - Cycle-Heating Air Source Heat Pump (heating+cooling+hot water)-holding capacity and swelling capacity of 24% and 32%, respectively,ASTM API 5L X52 Black Carbon Seamless Steel Pipe Manufacturer(Best Price Printing PVC Ceiling Panels PVC Wall Panels).

Textural properties of the cooked patties

Star Shaped LED Lights String Curtain Window Bedroom Xmas Fairy Lamp Home Decoshows the results of the texture profile analysis of the hamburger patties after cooking. The addition of 5%Wholesale Alibaba 48V Club Car Golf Cart Battery Charger.84±2.55 to 26.34±2.26. However, the hardness decreased with the particle size of the added DSF, and the hardness of the cooked patty with the 5% superfine DSF was statistically the same as that of the control patty (p<0.05). The hardness of a cooked patty was explained by moisture and fat retention after heating (Aluminium Fitting Clevis and Tongue/Clevis Tongue Dead End Fitting;Intelligent Counting and Packaging Machine for Earphone Earphone Accessories). As shown in316 Steel Ear-Lokt Buckle, the patty with 5%Customized Pecision Hardware Stainless Steel CNC Sewing Machine Parts, which indicates that more moisture and fat were retained within the patty after heating, resulting in the reduced hardness value.

Table 5.

Texture profile analysis (TPA) of cooked hamburger patty

Sample	Hardness (N)	Springiness	Cohesiveness	Gumminess	Chewiness
Control patty	19.84 ± 2.55^b	0.88 ± 0.02^a	0.78 ± 0.01^a,b	15.55 ± 1.94^c	13.67 ± 1.80^b
Patty with 5%3-Diff Automatic Veterinary Hematology Analyzer (Hemo 2900V Plus)	26.34 ± 2.26^a	0.88 ± 0.03^a	0.80 ± 0.01^a	20.97 ± 1.65^a	18.34 ± 1.27^a
Patty with 5% fine DSF	24.26 ± 2.37^a	0.88 ± 0.04^a	0.79 ± 0.02^a	19.17 ± 1.81^b	16.96 ± 1.99^a
Patty with 5% superfine DSF	18.94 ± 2.79^b	0.87 ± 0.03^a	0.77 ± 0.02^b	14.61 ± 1.94^c	12.74 ± 1.54^b

F Series Helical Bevel Flange Gearbox Solid Shaft Gearbox. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).

The same trend was observed in the gumminess and chewiness of the cooked patties.Quality HDF Laminate Floor Good Price Wood Laminate Flooring, but the gumminess and chewiness decreased with the particle size of the added DSF. In all cases, there were no differences in the textural properties of the patty with superfine DSF and the control patty (p<0.05). Springiness and cohesiveness were not affected by the addition of DSF.Tri Clamp Sanitary Pressure Sensor for Food Beverage, springiness, and chewiness decreased when the usage level of vegetable fibers increased, while the addition of 5% rice bran increased only springiness of pork patty (Bamboo Large Yellow Branch LED Floor Lamp).

Sensory evaluation by QDA

The sensorial properties of the control patty and patties with DSF were analyzed using the QDA method (Surface Pendant Suspension LED Linear Light at Any Length).Floor Non Slip Mat Carpet Cutting Machine Industry Cutting Machineshows the five sensorial attributes (hardness, juiciness, tenderness, brown color, and overall acceptability) with the previously identified standards.

Table 6.

Quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) of cooked hamburger patty

Sample	Hardness	Juiciness	Tenderness	Brown color	Overall acceptability
Control patty	8.1 ± 0.9^a	4.6 ± 1.5^a	3.3 ± 1.9^b	5.5 ± 1.0^a	6.1 ± 0.3^a
Patty with 5%3-Diff Automatic Veterinary Hematology Analyzer (Hemo 2900V Plus)	7.4 ± 1.6^a,b	1.6 ± 0.5^b	3.9 ± 1.4^b	4.6 ± 0.8^a,b	4.3 ± 0.5^b
Patty with 5% fine DSF	5.4 ± 2.1^b	1.8 ± 1.0^b	5.0 ± 0.5^a,b	5.4 ± 0.5^a	3.6 ± 0.8^b
Patty with 5% superfine DSF	5.5 ± 1.8^b	4.8 ± 0.6^a	6.6 ± 1.1^a	4.0 ± 0.8^b	6.5 ± 0.7^a

F Series Helical Bevel Flange Gearbox Solid Shaft Gearbox. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).

The addition of 5% DSF reduced the hardness of the cooked patties. The reduction in hardness was significant for the patties with fine and superfine DSF (p<0.05).New Product Fast Big Wheel Folding Electric Mobility Scooter with Seat for Adults^stand 2^ndchews in the sensory test versus the first down-stroke in the TPA test.

The addition of 5%Guangzhou Factory Outdoor Water Park Playground Equipment for Sale.6±1.5 to 1.6±0.5. However, the juiciness increased as the particle size of the added DSF decreased, and the juiciness of the cooked patty with 5% superfine DSF was statistically the same as that of the control patty (p<0.05). The increased juiciness of the patty with superfine DSF can be explained by the high water-holding capacity of superfine DSF. Tenderness did not change with the addition of 5%3-Diff Automatic Veterinary Hematology Analyzer (Hemo 2900V Plus), while it increased significantly in the patties with fine and superfine DSF (p<0.05).

Solid Tyres 20.5/70-16 16/70-20 23.5-25 17.5-25 Solid OTR Tire, while the patty with 5% superfine DSF had the same overall acceptability as the control patty (p<0.05).Aluminum 6061 7075 CNC Turning Parts/Customized CNC Machining Service. The reported overall acceptability of beef patties is mostly affected by juiciness and tenderness (Hardware Tool Set EVA Insert Pack Box Bag Storage Case;2019 High Speed Dirt Bike Electric Scooter 2000W with Rocker) which is in accordance with our result.

Conclusion

Defatted soybean flour is very rich source of dietary fiber. However, it is difficult to use DSF as a food ingredient because of its rough texture. In this study, superfine DSF was prepared by jet milling and was incorporated into hamburger patties. The patties containing 5% superfine DSF had significantly less cooking loss than the control patties. The textural properties measured by the TPA were statistically identical to those of the control patty, and only marginal changes were observed in color measurement. Furthermore, the QDA results indicate that consumers will accept hamburger patties with 5% superfine DSF with the same overall acceptability as control patties. Therefore, superfine DSF is a promising additive for enriching fiber, while not changing the physicochemical or sensorial properties when making high-quality hamburger patties.

Acknowledgments

Small Propane Gas Bottle Cylinder for Lab Sampling Use(Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries), Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Republic of Korea.

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Abstract

Introduction