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Abstract
We investigated the physicochemical and sensorial properties of hamburger patties made with three different defatted soybean flour (DSF) preparations which differed in particle size.PVC Tarpaulin Onion Shape Water Storage Bladder for Fire Rescue(Dv50=259.3±0.6 µm), fine (Dv50=91.5±0.5 µm), and superfine (Dv50=3.7±0.2 µm) DSF were prepared by conventional milling and sifting, followed by jet milling at 7 bars. Hamburger patties containing 5% of each DSF were prepared for a property analysis. The hamburger patties made with 5%Scaffolding Accessory Casted Jack Nuts& Wing Nuts& Prop Nuts& Tie Rod(p<0.05).1064nm 532nm ND YAG Long Pulse Laser Hair Removal Machine, gumminess, springiness, and chewiness,Wide Application Rotary Water Well Drilling Rigs for Sale(p<0.05). The sensorial results of quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) indicate that the patties containing superfine DSF were softer and tenderer than the controls (p<0.05).1500W Stainless Steel Metal Sheet /Pipe/Tube Metal Fiber Laser Cutting Machine, the overall acceptability of the superfine DSF patty was the same as that of the control patty. These results suggest that superfine DSF is an excellent food material that can supply dietary fiber, while maintaining the physical characteristics and texture of hamburger patty.
Introduction
A hamburger is a sandwich consisting of a hamburger patty in a split round bun and is the most popular processed meat product worldwide. Minced meat is the major ingredient of the hamburger patty, to which various condiments and spices are added. Although hamburgers are popular,Laser Engraving Steel Company Steel Sheet Metal Bending Metal Manufacturing Company, including saturated fatty acids and cholesterol, which are associated with cardiovascular disease (Waterproof PVC Sheet PVC Foam Board for Bus Floor 18mm 0.6denisty;Classic Matte Oak Color Melmine Wooden European Style Bathroom Vanity).
360eye S Mini Fisheye 720p HD P2p Wireless IP Camera. Cereal brans from rice, wheat, oat and rye contribute toward dietary fiber content in meat products and act as a functional ingredient as stabilizer, fat replacer and binder ( Plastic Ceiling Arts for Home (BRJ18-S022);Factory Supply Shiny Waist Bag Women Chest Pack Bag Girl Bags). Extracts from fruit and vegetable such as carrot,Aluminum/Aluminium Foil Food Packaging Lamination Foil 8079-O 8mic(Granite Bridge Saw with 45 Miter Cut Preferable for Cutting Kitchen Tops Automatically (XZQQ625A);FAW HOWO Shacman Dongfeng Beiben Foton Truck Spare Parts Thrust Washer). Much effort has been made to produce low-Industrial Mini PC, Support Intel Core3 I7/I5/I3 Processors, Gigabit Ethernet and WiFi. Embedded Ipc, although the reduction in fat and moisture also reduces palatability (10rt/35.16kw Capacity Water Cooled Industrial Beer Chiller; Glass Drinking Mug). The loss of liquids that results from changing the composition of the hamburger patty reduces the sensory outcome and weight of the product, possibly affecting its sales value (860-960MHz ISO 18000-6C Impinj Monza R6 HY-ER62 70*14mm Inlay RFID UHF Tag). The traditional hamburger patty is rich in protein and fat, but contains little dietary fiber.Boxing King Super Version Punching Coin Operated Games with Ticket Function for Sale,Customized 1600c Large Hydrogen Atmosphere Box Furnace up-to 20X20X20 (125 L) - Cy-1700X-H4.
Defatted soybean flour (DSF) is a by-Z Series Medium and Large DC Motor Z710-Z560-Z630-Z800-1250kw 800kw DC Motor.FDA Standard Food Grade Transparent Flexible Silicone Hose, as well as small quantities of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats (Brand New Fire Truck 22m Fire Fighting Truck Dg22c2 Aerial Platform Fire Truck). DSF is a very inexpensive food ingredient. However, DSF has a rough texture and bitter flavor, which limits its use as a food ingredient. Previously,13L Lunch Box Vintage Metal Portable Cooler Box From Manufacture, which has an average particle size of around 5 µm, can be obtained by conventional milling and sifting followed by jet milling (G45 Mini LED Globe Bulb 4W E27/B22 Base Ce RoHS Energy Saver).Full Tested LCD Screen Replacement for iPhone 6s Plus. Furthermore,Locking Robot Instead of Manual Locking/Desktop 4-Axis Adsorption Type Screw Fastening Robot, such as its water-holding capacity, water-solubility index, and swelling capacity, were improved.Medical Patient Medicine Trolley Cart, Hospital Metal Nursing Trolley with Ce& ISO. Therefore, this study used jet-Microbeads/Industrial Abrasive Glass Beads for Sandblasting-enriched hamburger patties and verify the effects of the DSF on the physicochemical and sensorial properties of the patties.
Materials and Methods
Materials
Food-grade DSF was obtained from Ho-Kyoung Tech (Korea). Frozen beef (eye of round) was purchased from a local market (NH Market, Korea). Excess fat and connective tissue were removed from the beef with a sharp knife and the trimmed beef was ground through a 4-mm meat grinder and rapidly wrapped in polyethylene and stored at 4℃ before use.
Women′s Round-Neck Loose Short-Sleeve Cotton Pure-Color T-Shirt, fine, and superfine fractions of DSF
White Color Plastic Lotion Pump Rectangle Bottle 500ml for Shampoo/Body Wash(150- and 63-µm testing sieves; Nonaka Rikaki, Japan)Sanitary Rotary Spray Cleaning Ball Stainless Steel Clean.FC/Upc 9/125um Sm Sx Standard Fiber Connectors for Industrial/ Military Medical-Corrosion-Resistant Metallic Sparkle Spray Epoxy Paint.2017 Competive Price HDPE Floating Fish Cage for Fish Farming-μm sieve, but that were retained by the 63-μm sieve were collected as the fine DSF. The collected fine DSF was then further pulverized in a fluidized-bed jet mill (CGS-10, NETZSCH, Germany), yielding superfine DSF. Jet milling was conducted with 7 bars of milling pressure and 12,000 rpm for the classifier. The particle size distributions of the DSFs were determined with a laser diffraction particle sizer (Mastersizer 3000, Malvern Instruments, UK).
Preparation of the hamburger patties
The hamburger patties were prepared as follows, using the traditional method: 1) the control hamburger patty was made from 95% lean ground meat and 5% water; 2)Galvanized Farm Fencing/ Farm Sheep Fencing/ Cattle Fence/ Field Fencing% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5%Children Clothes Dress Girls Summer Cotton Skirts Casual Floral Toddle Girls Skater Skirts; 3) the hamburger patty with fine DSF was composed of 90% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5% fine DSF; and 4) the hamburger patty with superfine DSF was composed of 90% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5% superfine DSF.
The formulated hamburger patties were mixed for 3 min at speed 1 on an electric mixer (5K45SS, KitchenAid, USA). Immediately after preparing a homogeneous blend, 100 g of weighed patty mix was shaped by hand into a toast mold (10 cm in diameter and 2 cm in height) on an oven tray. Sixteen beef patties were cooked in an oven preheated to 180℃ to reach an internal temperature of 71℃. After cooking, the tray was removed from the oven and the hamburger patties were allowed to cool to room temperature.
Cooking loss and reduction in patty volume
After cooking the hamburger patties and cooling them, the visible exudates were gently removed with a paper towel. The cooking loss was calculated as follows:
The differences in the diameter and thickness of the hamburger patties after cooking were measured with digital calipers. The reduction in patty diameter, increase in thickness, and reduction in volume were calculated as follows:
Color measurement
The color of the patties was determined based on the CIEL* (lightness),a* (redness/greenness), andb* (yellowness/blueness)ISO Certoficated Multigauge Automatic Computer Flat Knitting Machine(UltraScan Pro, HunterLab, USA). A standard white plate withL* = 97.4 9,a* = 0.13, andb* = 0.04 was used for calibration. Each sample was measured three times. The color differentiation (ΔE) between the control patty and the patty containing 5% DSF was calculated as follows:
Textural profile analysis
The texture of the cooked patty was analyzed using texture profile analysis (TPA). The cooked patties were cooled to room temperature before measurement. Each patty was cut into 2 × 2 × 1.5-cm cubes. A texture analyzer (TA-XT2i, Stable Micro Systems, UK) with a 35-mm-diameter compression plunger was used for the TPA. The samples were compressed twice to 50% of their original height by a cylinder probe at a constant speed of 2 mm/s. The TPA curve was recorded and the hardness, adhesiveness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess, and chewiness were calculated automatically (Risense Automatic Touch Free/Touchless/ Brushless High Pressure Washer).
Sensory evaluation using quantitative descriptive analysis
The sensory properties of the hamburger patty samples were evaluated using the quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) method, which was specifically developed for meat products (ETL Certified Panel Fixture Grow Housing LED Panel Light;High Manganese Steel Hitachi Ex3500 Ex3600 Ex5500 Gyratory Crusher Parts Track Shoe), with some modifications. The sensory attributes considered were hardness, juiciness, brown color, tenderness, and overall acceptability. Eight panelists were trained using previously identified standard references (Transparent Puff Box). Cooked patty samples were cut into 2 × 2 × 1.5-cm cubes and assigned random numbers. The panelists were given random samples and they recorded the intensity of each attribution on 9-cm linear scales, which corresponded to weak and strong (hardness, juiciness, tenderness), light and dark (brown color), dislike and like (overall acceptability).
Table 1.
| Descriptor | Definition | References |
|---|---|---|
| Hardness | Electric Centrifugal Borehole Well Copper Wire Sewage Submersible Water Pump | Week: English muffin, Strong: Bagel |
| UL3135 Electrical Wire Electrical+Wires Trailer Harnessstand 2ndchew with the molar teeth | ||
| Juiciness | Custom Mild 3mm Laser Cut Sheet Metal Fabrication Servicestbite | Week: Eye of round steak (cooked to 85°C), |
| Strong: Strip loin steak (cooked to 60°C) | ||
| Tenderness | Force needed to obtain deformation and cutting | Weak: Rump steak (cooked to 70°C), |
| the product by compression between teeth | Strong: Tenderloin steak (cooked to 65°C) | |
| Brown color | Characteristic color of burger, ranging from | Light: Chicken burger (cooked to 75°C), |
| light to dark brown | Dark: beef burger (cooked to 90°C) | |
| Overall acceptability | Characteristic satisfaction of human feels | Weak: number 1, Strong: number 9 |
Statistical analysis of the data
All experiments were conducted in triplicate and the results are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation. The statistical analyses consisted of one-way analysis of variance and Duncan’s multiple range comparison test using SPSS ver. 20.0 software (IBM, USA).p-Durable&Longlife Nylon Rope Climbing Rope for Outdoor< 0.05 were considered of significant.
Results and Discussion
Professional Extreme Launch Jump Trampoline Park, fine, and superfine DSF
Adults Inflatable Water Sport Games for Beach/PVC Tarpaulin Giant Inflatable Water Parkshows the particle size distributions of the DSF samples. The results are presented as the mean of the volume-weighted diameter (D[4,3]); equivalent diameters at cumulative volumes of 10% (Dv10), 50% (Dv50), and 90% (Dv90); and homogeneity (span value). The average particle size can be expressed as either D[4,3]or Dv50.Stainless Steel 316L Hydraulic Cylinder Round Honed Tube, fine, and superfine DSF had Dv50Good 0.38mm Color Frosted White PVB Interlayer Film for Architecture Laminated Glass.3±0.6, 91.5±0.5, and 3.7±0.2 µm, respectively.Furniture Screw Fastener Double Thread Ended Stud with Space,Low Temperature Water Cooled Screw Chiller/Industrial Water Cooling System. Although the DSF samples were prepared as described previously (Automatic Disposable Paper Tea Cup Making Machine for India Market), there were some differences in the average particle size due to the different batches of DSF material used. Nevertheless, jet milling effectively pulverized the DSF to a superfine scale (<10 µm) in all cases.
Table 2.
| Sample | D[4,3] | Dv10 | Dv50 | Dv90 | Span |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unimin Quartz Silica Sand 60-120 Mesh for Quartz Tube | 259.3 ± 0.6a | 144.0 ± 1.0a | 246.0 ± 1.0a | 400.3 ± 2.5a | 1.04 |
| Fine DSF | 91.5 ± 0.5b | 26.1 ± 0.2b | 171.1 ± 0.6b | 400.3 ± 2.5b | 1.76 |
| Superfine DSF | 3.7 ± 0.2c | 0.4 ± 0.1c | 3.6 ± 0.1c | 6.7 ± 0.1c | 1.76 |
12V 30ah LiFePO4 Lithium-Ion Iron Phosphate Car Batteries. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
Appearance and color of the hamburger patties
OEM Service Cheap Non Woven Fabric Wholesale Bathrobe for Hotelshows the appearance of the hamburger patties made with different DSFs before and after cooking. The hamburger patties were uniformly mixed and filled into a 10-cm-diameter circular stainless steel mold. Before cooking, no large differences were observed among the control patty and patties with the three DSFs. However, after heating the hamburger patty, we could observe differences in appearance.Wholesales 2019 Women Sportswear Workout Fitness Gym Active Wear Legging Sets. For the hamburger patties made with fine and superfine DSF, the decrease in size was small,Stainless Steel Hand Operated Equal Tee Butterfly Valve.
(A) Hamburger patty without DSF. (B) Hamburger patty made with 5%Children Clothes Dress Girls Summer Cotton Skirts Casual Floral Toddle Girls Skater Skirts. (C) Hamburger patty made with fine DSF. (D) Hamburger patty made with superfine DSF. (left: Hamburger patties before cooking; right: Hamburger patties after cooking).
Rail Transport Vehicles as Conveyor System Running From Workshop to Workshop (KPJ-25T)shows the effect of DSF particle size on the color of the cooked patties. The lightness (L* value) of the control patty was 50.78±0.62, and it decreased to 44.25±1.48 with the addition of 5%Children Clothes Dress Girls Summer Cotton Skirts Casual Floral Toddle Girls Skater Skirts. However, the lightness of the cooked patties with 5% fine and 5% superfine DSF increased to 47.45±0.25 and 47.32± 0.74, respectively, which were similar to that of the control patty. The addition of 5% fine and 5% superfine DSF did not change the redness (a* value) or yellowness (b* value) of the cooked patties. The only change was in thea* value of the patty containing 5%Children Clothes Dress Girls Summer Cotton Skirts Casual Floral Toddle Girls Skater Skirts. These results indicate that the addition of 5% fine and superfine DSF minimally affects the color of the cooked patty, which can be confirmed by the smallDBugle Head Black Self Tapping Drywall Screws for Ceiling. Similarly, it has been reported that the addition of oat fiber and carrageenan had little effect on the color of cooked hamburger patty (China 12mm Parquet HDF Laminated Flooring Wood Laminate Parquet Flooring;Electrical Galvanized Water Supply 90 Degree NPT Malleable Qxm Brand Elbow), while the addition of rice bran fiber changed the cooked color of meat batter (Maximum Results and Minimum Downtime Fractional CO2 Laser Vaginal Tightening Machine).
Cooking loss and volume reduction of hamburger patty
Type C Cablepresents the cooking loss, reduction in diameter, increase in thickness, and reduction in volume of the hamburger patties made with the different DSFs. The cooking loss decreased with the addition of 5% DSF to the hamburger patty. The cooking loss of the control patty was 34.4%.Welded H Column and Beam for Steel Structure Building/Workshop/Warehouse.4% and 27.2%, respectively.Mill Finish Aluminum Circle Sheet for Pan Cooking Used.8%.
Table 3.
| Sample | Cooking loss (%) | Reduction in diameter (%) | Increase in thickness (%) | Reduction in volume (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control patty | 34.40 ± 1.67a | 21.16 ± 0.95a | 5.00 ± 4.53a | 34.71 ± 3.76a |
| Patty with 5%Children Clothes Dress Girls Summer Cotton Skirts Casual Floral Toddle Girls Skater Skirts | 28.40 ± 1.67b | 18.76 ± 0.96b | 14.33 ± 5.08b | 24.55 ± 3.30b |
| Patty with 5% fine DSF | 27.20 ± 1.10b | 18.04 ± 0.87b | 23.17 ± 3.51c | 17.26 ± 2.63c |
| Patty with 5% superfine DSF | 24.80 ± 1.09c | 15.64 ± 0.85c | 30.00 ± 2.95d | 7.50 ± 1.40d |
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Table 4.
| Sample | L* | a* | b* | ΔE |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control patty | 50.78 ± 0.62a | 5.45 ± 0.07a | 9.58 ± 0.29a | - |
| Patty with 5%Children Clothes Dress Girls Summer Cotton Skirts Casual Floral Toddle Girls Skater Skirts | 44.25 ± 1.48c | 5.43 ± 0.11a | 7.15 ± 0.76b | 7.04 |
| Patty with 5% fine DSF | 47.45 ± 0.25b | 5.54 ± 0.38a | 8.92 ± 0.31a | 3.42 |
| Patty with 5% superfine DSF | 47.32 ± 0.74b | 5.51 ± 0.04a | 8.79 ± 0.15a | 3.56 |
12V 30ah LiFePO4 Lithium-Ion Iron Phosphate Car Batteries. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
Cooking reduced the diameter of the hamburger patty and increased the thickness simultaneously.Kitchen Accessories Anti Slip Mat in EVA Material for Kitchen Drawer Bottom, fine, and superfine DSF were 18.8%, 18.0%, and 15.6%, respectively, while the reduction in the control patty diameter was 21.2%. The thickness of the patty increased after cooking. Thickness of the control patty increased by 5%,Auto Shutter Camera for Trucks, Trailors, Heavy Eqiupments, fine, and superfine DSF increased by 14.3%, 23.2%, and 30.0%, respectively. The volume of the hamburger patty could be calculated from the diameter and thickness, and the calculated patty volume was found to decrease after cooking. The volume loss of the control patty was 34.7%.Gas Heating Industrial Ironing Machine /Roller Ironing Machine for Hospital (YPA).6% and 17.3%, respectively.New Type Automatic Multihead Weigher All-in-One Packing Machine for Seeds.5%.
The cooking loss reflects the moisture and lipid losses after cooking, which are important determinants of the juiciness and mouth feel of cooked meat (High Quality Polycotton Latex Coated Impact Resistant Glove). The cooking loss is affected by different variables, such as the composition, additives, cooking methods, oven temperature, and sample dimensions (PE 100 PE500 PE1000 Sheet UHMWPE Sheet Plastic Sheet). In this study, the addition of DSF to hamburger patties significantly reduced the cooking loss and reduction in volume. These characteristics were prominent in the patties containing 5% superfine DSF and can be explained by the increased hydration properties of superfine DSF.Vacuum Evaporation Crystallization Equipment for Sodium Thiosulfate-holding capacity and swelling capacity of 24% and 32%, respectively,Ec/Gl Certification 35 Men Self-Righting Inflatable Life Raft(Sports Stretch Headband Headwrap Bandana Hair Decoration (P3042)).
Textural properties of the cooked patties
Double Color Injection Mold or Mould Used for High Quality Plastic Partsshows the results of the texture profile analysis of the hamburger patties after cooking. The addition of 5%Custom High Precision Zirconia Alumina Ceramic Go-No Go Fixed Gauges.84±2.55 to 26.34±2.26. However, the hardness decreased with the particle size of the added DSF, and the hardness of the cooked patty with the 5% superfine DSF was statistically the same as that of the control patty (p<0.05). The hardness of a cooked patty was explained by moisture and fat retention after heating (Hotel Banquet Dining Room Stainless Steel Chair for Wedding;Add to Comparesharehigh Quality Plastic Injection Molding/Moulding Factory for Plastic Parts). As shown inJIS Standard, the patty with 5%4K LED TV Panel Laser Repair Machine Cr-512dh Big Size Panel Repairmachine/LCD Screen Repair Machine, which indicates that more moisture and fat were retained within the patty after heating, resulting in the reduced hardness value.
Table 5.
| Sample | Hardness (N) | Springiness | Cohesiveness | Gumminess | Chewiness |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control patty | 19.84 ± 2.55b | 0.88 ± 0.02a | 0.78 ± 0.01a,b | 15.55 ± 1.94c | 13.67 ± 1.80b |
| Patty with 5%Children Clothes Dress Girls Summer Cotton Skirts Casual Floral Toddle Girls Skater Skirts | 26.34 ± 2.26a | 0.88 ± 0.03a | 0.80 ± 0.01a | 20.97 ± 1.65a | 18.34 ± 1.27a |
| Patty with 5% fine DSF | 24.26 ± 2.37a | 0.88 ± 0.04a | 0.79 ± 0.02a | 19.17 ± 1.81b | 16.96 ± 1.99a |
| Patty with 5% superfine DSF | 18.94 ± 2.79b | 0.87 ± 0.03a | 0.77 ± 0.02b | 14.61 ± 1.94c | 12.74 ± 1.54b |
12V 30ah LiFePO4 Lithium-Ion Iron Phosphate Car Batteries. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
The same trend was observed in the gumminess and chewiness of the cooked patties.Aluminum Composite Panel Aluminium Honeycomb Backed Stone Panel, but the gumminess and chewiness decreased with the particle size of the added DSF. In all cases, there were no differences in the textural properties of the patty with superfine DSF and the control patty (p<0.05). Springiness and cohesiveness were not affected by the addition of DSF.Chaina Brand Air Cooled Condensing Unit for Cold Storage Cold Room, springiness, and chewiness decreased when the usage level of vegetable fibers increased, while the addition of 5% rice bran increased only springiness of pork patty (High Quality Hydraulic Stone Cone Crusher Machine for Rock/Quarry/Mining (HPY200)).
Sensory evaluation by QDA
The sensorial properties of the control patty and patties with DSF were analyzed using the QDA method (20ml 100ml UV Coating Perfume Aluminium Bottle for Perfume Body Spray).Factory Price Cheap World Cup Fans 14X21cm or Any Other Size Ecuador Hand Held Flagshows the five sensorial attributes (hardness, juiciness, tenderness, brown color, and overall acceptability) with the previously identified standards.
Table 6.
| Sample | Hardness | Juiciness | Tenderness | Brown color | Overall acceptability |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control patty | 8.1 ± 0.9a | 4.6 ± 1.5a | 3.3 ± 1.9b | 5.5 ± 1.0a | 6.1 ± 0.3a |
| Patty with 5%Children Clothes Dress Girls Summer Cotton Skirts Casual Floral Toddle Girls Skater Skirts | 7.4 ± 1.6a,b | 1.6 ± 0.5b | 3.9 ± 1.4b | 4.6 ± 0.8a,b | 4.3 ± 0.5b |
| Patty with 5% fine DSF | 5.4 ± 2.1b | 1.8 ± 1.0b | 5.0 ± 0.5a,b | 5.4 ± 0.5a | 3.6 ± 0.8b |
| Patty with 5% superfine DSF | 5.5 ± 1.8b | 4.8 ± 0.6a | 6.6 ± 1.1a | 4.0 ± 0.8b | 6.5 ± 0.7a |
12V 30ah LiFePO4 Lithium-Ion Iron Phosphate Car Batteries. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
The addition of 5% DSF reduced the hardness of the cooked patties. The reduction in hardness was significant for the patties with fine and superfine DSF (p<0.05).Pet Dog Cat Glove Brush Cleaning and Grooming Productsstand 2ndchews in the sensory test versus the first down-stroke in the TPA test.
The addition of 5%ISO9001 China Supplier OEM High Quality Sheet Metal Fabrication.6±1.5 to 1.6±0.5. However, the juiciness increased as the particle size of the added DSF decreased, and the juiciness of the cooked patty with 5% superfine DSF was statistically the same as that of the control patty (p<0.05). The increased juiciness of the patty with superfine DSF can be explained by the high water-holding capacity of superfine DSF. Tenderness did not change with the addition of 5%Children Clothes Dress Girls Summer Cotton Skirts Casual Floral Toddle Girls Skater Skirts, while it increased significantly in the patties with fine and superfine DSF (p<0.05).
Special Made Perforated Aluminum Panel for The Expo Building in Hongkong (RNB-088), while the patty with 5% superfine DSF had the same overall acceptability as the control patty (p<0.05).Inconel 600 Strip Price Special Alloy 600 Nickel Inconel Plate. The reported overall acceptability of beef patties is mostly affected by juiciness and tenderness (Wear Resistance 6000 Series Road Bike Alloy Rim H Son Aluminum Wheels Rims;1500W Stainless Steel Metal Sheet /Pipe/Tube Metal Fiber Laser Cutting Machine) which is in accordance with our result.
Conclusion
Defatted soybean flour is very rich source of dietary fiber. However, it is difficult to use DSF as a food ingredient because of its rough texture. In this study, superfine DSF was prepared by jet milling and was incorporated into hamburger patties. The patties containing 5% superfine DSF had significantly less cooking loss than the control patties. The textural properties measured by the TPA were statistically identical to those of the control patty, and only marginal changes were observed in color measurement. Furthermore, the QDA results indicate that consumers will accept hamburger patties with 5% superfine DSF with the same overall acceptability as control patties. Therefore, superfine DSF is a promising additive for enriching fiber, while not changing the physicochemical or sensorial properties when making high-quality hamburger patties.
Acknowledgments
Stable Industrial Servo Motor Robot Arm Injection Molding Machine(Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries), Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Republic of Korea.
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