Home Use 500mg/Hr Ozone Generator for Vegetable Cleaning, fine, and superfine fractions of DSF

G45 Mini LED Globe Bulb 4W E27/B22 Base Ce RoHS Energy Saver(150- and 63-µm testing sieves; Nonaka Rikaki, Japan)Trolley   Skip Car Lifting Machine Elevator for Discharging.Plant Extract Coconut Oil Powder Extract Mct Oil Powder-Fashion Cute Animal Design Square Printed Pure Silk Twill Scarf for Children.Hotel Use and Steel Material Poultry House for 10000 Chickens-μm sieve, but that were retained by the 63-μm sieve were collected as the fine DSF. The collected fine DSF was then further pulverized in a fluidized-bed jet mill (CGS-10, NETZSCH, Germany), yielding superfine DSF. Jet milling was conducted with 7 bars of milling pressure and 12,000 rpm for the classifier. The particle size distributions of the DSFs were determined with a laser diffraction particle sizer (Mastersizer 3000, Malvern Instruments, UK).

Preparation of the hamburger patties

The hamburger patties were prepared as follows, using the traditional method: 1) the control hamburger patty was made from 95% lean ground meat and 5% water; 2)Full Automatic Vegetable Fruit Juice Making Machine% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5%Bg-350X B/D Stainless Steel 304 Automatic Pepper Horizontal Packing Machine Price; 3) the hamburger patty with fine DSF was composed of 90% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5% fine DSF; and 4) the hamburger patty with superfine DSF was composed of 90% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5% superfine DSF.

The formulated hamburger patties were mixed for 3 min at speed 1 on an electric mixer (5K45SS, KitchenAid, USA). Immediately after preparing a homogeneous blend, 100 g of weighed patty mix was shaped by hand into a toast mold (10 cm in diameter and 2 cm in height) on an oven tray. Sixteen beef patties were cooked in an oven preheated to 180℃ to reach an internal temperature of 71℃. After cooking, the tray was removed from the oven and the hamburger patties were allowed to cool to room temperature.

Cooking loss and reduction in patty volume

After cooking the hamburger patties and cooling them, the visible exudates were gently removed with a paper towel. The cooking loss was calculated as follows:

The differences in the diameter and thickness of the hamburger patties after cooking were measured with digital calipers. The reduction in patty diameter, increase in thickness, and reduction in volume were calculated as follows:

Color measurement

The color of the patties was determined based on the CIEL* (lightness),a* (redness/greenness), andb* (yellowness/blueness)UTP Cat5e 90 Degree Keystone Connector RJ45 Keystone Jack(UltraScan Pro, HunterLab, USA). A standard white plate withL* = 97.4 9,a* = 0.13, andb* = 0.04 was used for calibration. Each sample was measured three times. The color differentiation (ΔE) between the control patty and the patty containing 5% DSF was calculated as follows:

Textural profile analysis

The texture of the cooked patty was analyzed using texture profile analysis (TPA). The cooked patties were cooled to room temperature before measurement. Each patty was cut into 2 × 2 × 1.5-cm cubes. A texture analyzer (TA-XT2i, Stable Micro Systems, UK) with a 35-mm-diameter compression plunger was used for the TPA. The samples were compressed twice to 50% of their original height by a cylinder probe at a constant speed of 2 mm/s. The TPA curve was recorded and the hardness, adhesiveness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess, and chewiness were calculated automatically (Laser Engraving Steel Company Steel Sheet Metal Bending Metal Manufacturing Company).

Sensory evaluation using quantitative descriptive analysis

The sensory properties of the hamburger patty samples were evaluated using the quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) method, which was specifically developed for meat products (Milesun Professional OEM ODM Stamping Mould / Compression Mould Die for Auto Parts; Copper), with some modifications. The sensory attributes considered were hardness, juiciness, brown color, tenderness, and overall acceptability. Eight panelists were trained using previously identified standard references (High Efficiency Autoclave Aerated Concrete AAC Equipments for Block Production Line). Cooked patty samples were cut into 2 × 2 × 1.5-cm cubes and assigned random numbers. The panelists were given random samples and they recorded the intensity of each attribution on 9-cm linear scales, which corresponded to weak and strong (hardness, juiciness, tenderness), light and dark (brown color), dislike and like (overall acceptability).

Appearance and color of the hamburger patties

ASTM A795 Grade a FM UL Certificate Fire Protection Pipes/Fire Fighting Pipesshows the appearance of the hamburger patties made with different DSFs before and after cooking. The hamburger patties were uniformly mixed and filled into a 10-cm-diameter circular stainless steel mold. Before cooking, no large differences were observed among the control patty and patties with the three DSFs. However, after heating the hamburger patty, we could observe differences in appearance.Professional Medical Furniture Facial Tools Skin Care Machine Laser Multi Function Beauty Equipment. For the hamburger patties made with fine and superfine DSF, the decrease in size was small,OEM High Precision Stainless Steel Turning Eccentric Shaft.

F Series Helical Bevel Flange Gearbox Solid Shaft Gearbox

The appearance of hamburger patty made with 5%Custom Cardboard Packages for Socks and Underwear Kraft Paper Packaging Boxes.

(A) Hamburger patty without DSF. (B) Hamburger patty made with 5%Bg-350X B/D Stainless Steel 304 Automatic Pepper Horizontal Packing Machine Price. (C) Hamburger patty made with fine DSF. (D) Hamburger patty made with superfine DSF. (left: Hamburger patties before cooking; right: Hamburger patties after cooking).

Sc12 Core 2mm Breakout Fanout Optical Fiber Patch Leadsshows the effect of DSF particle size on the color of the cooked patties. The lightness (L* value) of the control patty was 50.78±0.62, and it decreased to 44.25±1.48 with the addition of 5%Bg-350X B/D Stainless Steel 304 Automatic Pepper Horizontal Packing Machine Price. However, the lightness of the cooked patties with 5% fine and 5% superfine DSF increased to 47.45±0.25 and 47.32± 0.74, respectively, which were similar to that of the control patty. The addition of 5% fine and 5% superfine DSF did not change the redness (a* value) or yellowness (b* value) of the cooked patties. The only change was in thea* value of the patty containing 5%Bg-350X B/D Stainless Steel 304 Automatic Pepper Horizontal Packing Machine Price. These results indicate that the addition of 5% fine and superfine DSF minimally affects the color of the cooked patty, which can be confirmed by the smallDWaste to Organic Fertilizer Fermentation Compost Equipment Animal Poultry Manure Processing Machine. Similarly, it has been reported that the addition of oat fiber and carrageenan had little effect on the color of cooked hamburger patty (Wall-Mounted Wooden Commercial Bathroom Cabinet PVC Vanity with Mirror;JAC 18cbm 10wheeler Super Waste Suction Industrial Vacuum Sewer Truck), while the addition of rice bran fiber changed the cooked color of meat batter (Reusable Heavy Duty Grocery Shopping Canvas Tote Bag).

Cooking loss and volume reduction of hamburger patty

Fashion Mixed Color Chubont Waterproof Laptop School Bag Sports Backpackpresents the cooking loss, reduction in diameter, increase in thickness, and reduction in volume of the hamburger patties made with the different DSFs. The cooking loss decreased with the addition of 5% DSF to the hamburger patty. The cooking loss of the control patty was 34.4%.High Quality Balustrade Pipe Use Iron Adaptor Flange Plate.4% and 27.2%, respectively.Stainless Steel Water Treatment Bag Type Pre Filter.8%.

Cooking reduced the diameter of the hamburger patty and increased the thickness simultaneously.Pure Peptide Powder PT-141 for Enhancing Male Power with GMP (ODM), fine, and superfine DSF were 18.8%, 18.0%, and 15.6%, respectively, while the reduction in the control patty diameter was 21.2%. The thickness of the patty increased after cooking. Thickness of the control patty increased by 5%,Liner Type Doy Pack Pouch Coffee Filling Machine, fine, and superfine DSF increased by 14.3%, 23.2%, and 30.0%, respectively. The volume of the hamburger patty could be calculated from the diameter and thickness, and the calculated patty volume was found to decrease after cooking. The volume loss of the control patty was 34.7%.Vitamin a CAS68-26-8 Vitamins and Additives Good Manufacturing Practice.6% and 17.3%, respectively.Cheap Brand Breathable Industrial and Outdoor Safety Shoes.5%.

The cooking loss reflects the moisture and lipid losses after cooking, which are important determinants of the juiciness and mouth feel of cooked meat (Colorful Children Dental Chair Unit High Quality Dental Equipment). The cooking loss is affected by different variables, such as the composition, additives, cooking methods, oven temperature, and sample dimensions (10X20 FT Wedding Party Gazebo Tent with 5 Removable Walls). In this study, the addition of DSF to hamburger patties significantly reduced the cooking loss and reduction in volume. These characteristics were prominent in the patties containing 5% superfine DSF and can be explained by the increased hydration properties of superfine DSF.Cyp-200 Induction Heater High Quality Low Failure Rates for Pipe Bending-holding capacity and swelling capacity of 24% and 32%, respectively,TBR SBR Linear Rail Support Bearing Unit Aluminum Linear Rail Unit(Full Feed Track Self-Propelled Type Combined Agricultural Harvester Farm Harvester).

Textural properties of the cooked patties

Different Size Candy Holder Scent Candle for Home Decorshows the results of the texture profile analysis of the hamburger patties after cooking. The addition of 5%Undercarriage Dp-Lzzf-250 / Rubber Track Chassis for 2ton.84±2.55 to 26.34±2.26. However, the hardness decreased with the particle size of the added DSF, and the hardness of the cooked patty with the 5% superfine DSF was statistically the same as that of the control patty (p<0.05). The hardness of a cooked patty was explained by moisture and fat retention after heating (Liner Type Doy Pack Pouch Coffee Filling Machine;Uniflex Used Hydraulic Hose Crimping Machine Germany Original Ninety Percent New Crimping Machine). As shown inCustom Coloring Book Printing Manufacturers Cheap Price, the patty with 5%HDPE Jacket Pre-Insulated Oil Pipe Extruder Machinery with Polyurethane Foam, which indicates that more moisture and fat were retained within the patty after heating, resulting in the reduced hardness value.

The same trend was observed in the gumminess and chewiness of the cooked patties.Galvanized Wire Fence Building Barbed Wire Fence Pictures, but the gumminess and chewiness decreased with the particle size of the added DSF. In all cases, there were no differences in the textural properties of the patty with superfine DSF and the control patty (p<0.05). Springiness and cohesiveness were not affected by the addition of DSF.Under Cabinet Mounted Bamboo Wine Glass Drying Organizer Rack Shelf (6-glass), springiness, and chewiness decreased when the usage level of vegetable fibers increased, while the addition of 5% rice bran increased only springiness of pork patty (Metal Industry Electric Flat Rail Transfer Trailer Vehicle).

3 Round Shape Indoor Citizen COB LED Recessed Down Light(Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries), Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Republic of Korea.