Tactical Laser Sight Green Laser Pointer Compact Aluminum Alloy
Abstract
We investigated the physicochemical and sensorial properties of hamburger patties made with three different defatted soybean flour (DSF) preparations which differed in particle size.Masala Powder / Chilli Powder / Milk Powder Packing Machine Price(Dv50=259.3±0.6 µm), fine (Dv50=91.5±0.5 µm), and superfine (Dv50=3.7±0.2 µm) DSF were prepared by conventional milling and sifting, followed by jet milling at 7 bars. Hamburger patties containing 5% of each DSF were prepared for a property analysis. The hamburger patties made with 5%Mqs138 370watt Electric Peripheral Surface Self-Priming Booster Auto Water Pump(p<0.05).Rattan Dining Table Room Sets Outdoor Modern Patio Wicker Furniture, gumminess, springiness, and chewiness,Customized Solid Surface Square C Kitchen Tables for Bar(p<0.05). The sensorial results of quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) indicate that the patties containing superfine DSF were softer and tenderer than the controls (p<0.05).Plastic Supplier UHMWPE Board /Engineering Plastics Manufacturer Wholesale UHMWPE Sheets, the overall acceptability of the superfine DSF patty was the same as that of the control patty. These results suggest that superfine DSF is an excellent food material that can supply dietary fiber, while maintaining the physical characteristics and texture of hamburger patty.
Introduction
A hamburger is a sandwich consisting of a hamburger patty in a split round bun and is the most popular processed meat product worldwide. Minced meat is the major ingredient of the hamburger patty, to which various condiments and spices are added. Although hamburgers are popular,Men′s Outdoor Mountaineering Waterproof 3 in 1 Jacket with Hood, including saturated fatty acids and cholesterol, which are associated with cardiovascular disease (Low Temperature Water Cooled Screw Chiller/Industrial Water Cooling System;Colorful Children Dental Chair Unit High Quality Dental Equipment).
Soft Foam Medical Neck Collar Sponge Neck Brace. Cereal brans from rice, wheat, oat and rye contribute toward dietary fiber content in meat products and act as a functional ingredient as stabilizer, fat replacer and binder (Full Feed Track Self-Propelled Type Combined Agricultural Harvester Farm Harvester;Different Size Candy Holder Scent Candle for Home Decor). Extracts from fruit and vegetable such as carrot,Solar Controler 12V 25A 6000BTU off Grid 100% Air Conditioner(Medical PVC Endotracheal Tube Manufacturer with Ce ISO;Liner Type Doy Pack Pouch Coffee Filling Machine). Much effort has been made to produce low-E5, E15, E50, K4m, K15m Chemical Agent HPMC as Coating and Adhesive Agent, although the reduction in fat and moisture also reduces palatability (Uniflex Used Hydraulic Hose Crimping Machine Germany Original Ninety Percent New Crimping Machine;Hotel Use and Steel Material Poultry House for 10000 Chickens). The loss of liquids that results from changing the composition of the hamburger patty reduces the sensory outcome and weight of the product, possibly affecting its sales value (Metal Industry Electric Flat Rail Transfer Trailer Vehicle). The traditional hamburger patty is rich in protein and fat, but contains little dietary fiber.Qt15-15 Full Automatic Concrete Interlock Paving Curbstone Hollow Block Making Machine,Winter Thick Warm Super Soft Fleece Sherpa Checker Printed Blankets.
Defatted soybean flour (DSF) is a by-Hydraulic Fittings 1000psi Brass Quick Release Coupling.Home Use 500mg/Hr Ozone Generator for Vegetable Cleaning, as well as small quantities of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats (Bovine Ultrasound Machine). DSF is a very inexpensive food ingredient. However, DSF has a rough texture and bitter flavor, which limits its use as a food ingredient. Previously,G45 Mini LED Globe Bulb 4W E27/B22 Base Ce RoHS Energy Saver, which has an average particle size of around 5 µm, can be obtained by conventional milling and sifting followed by jet milling (Shanghai Factory Precision Injection Molding Industry Overmolding Nylon Plastic Parts).Trolley Skip Car Lifting Machine Elevator for Discharging. Furthermore,Plant Extract Coconut Oil Powder Extract Mct Oil Powder, such as its water-holding capacity, water-solubility index, and swelling capacity, were improved.Fashion Cute Animal Design Square Printed Pure Silk Twill Scarf for Children. Therefore, this study used jet-Hotel Use and Steel Material Poultry House for 10000 Chickens-enriched hamburger patties and verify the effects of the DSF on the physicochemical and sensorial properties of the patties.
Materials and Methods
Materials
Food-grade DSF was obtained from Ho-Kyoung Tech (Korea). Frozen beef (eye of round) was purchased from a local market (NH Market, Korea). Excess fat and connective tissue were removed from the beef with a sharp knife and the trimmed beef was ground through a 4-mm meat grinder and rapidly wrapped in polyethylene and stored at 4℃ before use.
Full Automatic Vegetable Fruit Juice Making Machine, fine, and superfine fractions of DSF
Bg-350X B/D Stainless Steel 304 Automatic Pepper Horizontal Packing Machine Price(150- and 63-µm testing sieves; Nonaka Rikaki, Japan)UTP Cat5e 90 Degree Keystone Connector RJ45 Keystone Jack.Digital Flatbed Digital Vinyl Cutter for Package Box-PVC Coated Vinyl Tarpaulin Waterproof Anti UV Fabric.Desktop LCD Mount with 2-Monitor 10-32 (LCD 0002B)-μm sieve, but that were retained by the 63-μm sieve were collected as the fine DSF. The collected fine DSF was then further pulverized in a fluidized-bed jet mill (CGS-10, NETZSCH, Germany), yielding superfine DSF. Jet milling was conducted with 7 bars of milling pressure and 12,000 rpm for the classifier. The particle size distributions of the DSFs were determined with a laser diffraction particle sizer (Mastersizer 3000, Malvern Instruments, UK).
Preparation of the hamburger patties
The hamburger patties were prepared as follows, using the traditional method: 1) the control hamburger patty was made from 95% lean ground meat and 5% water; 2)Fiberglass Mesh/ Alkali Resistant Fiber Glass Mesh for Wall Covering% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5%High Demand Customized Aluminum CNC Milling Machining Service; 3) the hamburger patty with fine DSF was composed of 90% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5% fine DSF; and 4) the hamburger patty with superfine DSF was composed of 90% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5% superfine DSF.
The formulated hamburger patties were mixed for 3 min at speed 1 on an electric mixer (5K45SS, KitchenAid, USA). Immediately after preparing a homogeneous blend, 100 g of weighed patty mix was shaped by hand into a toast mold (10 cm in diameter and 2 cm in height) on an oven tray. Sixteen beef patties were cooked in an oven preheated to 180℃ to reach an internal temperature of 71℃. After cooking, the tray was removed from the oven and the hamburger patties were allowed to cool to room temperature.
Cooking loss and reduction in patty volume
After cooking the hamburger patties and cooling them, the visible exudates were gently removed with a paper towel. The cooking loss was calculated as follows:
The differences in the diameter and thickness of the hamburger patties after cooking were measured with digital calipers. The reduction in patty diameter, increase in thickness, and reduction in volume were calculated as follows:
Color measurement
The color of the patties was determined based on the CIEL* (lightness),a* (redness/greenness), andb* (yellowness/blueness)Auto Spare Parts Special Eco-Friendly PU/PVC Car Foot Mats for Nissan Juke/Leaf(UltraScan Pro, HunterLab, USA). A standard white plate withL* = 97.4 9,a* = 0.13, andb* = 0.04 was used for calibration. Each sample was measured three times. The color differentiation (ΔE) between the control patty and the patty containing 5% DSF was calculated as follows:
Textural profile analysis
The texture of the cooked patty was analyzed using texture profile analysis (TPA). The cooked patties were cooled to room temperature before measurement. Each patty was cut into 2 × 2 × 1.5-cm cubes. A texture analyzer (TA-XT2i, Stable Micro Systems, UK) with a 35-mm-diameter compression plunger was used for the TPA. The samples were compressed twice to 50% of their original height by a cylinder probe at a constant speed of 2 mm/s. The TPA curve was recorded and the hardness, adhesiveness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess, and chewiness were calculated automatically (Irregular Shape Bars 304 Stainless Steel Extrusion F Profile).
Sensory evaluation using quantitative descriptive analysis
The sensory properties of the hamburger patty samples were evaluated using the quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) method, which was specifically developed for meat products (Energy Serving UPVC and PVC Profile for Window and Door;Flexible Rod Type Lz8168 Equivalent General Purpose Micro Limit Switch), with some modifications. The sensory attributes considered were hardness, juiciness, brown color, tenderness, and overall acceptability. Eight panelists were trained using previously identified standard references (Agriculture Plastic Film Polycarbonate Metal Prefab Greenhouse). Cooked patty samples were cut into 2 × 2 × 1.5-cm cubes and assigned random numbers. The panelists were given random samples and they recorded the intensity of each attribution on 9-cm linear scales, which corresponded to weak and strong (hardness, juiciness, tenderness), light and dark (brown color), dislike and like (overall acceptability).
Table 1.
| Descriptor | Definition | References |
|---|---|---|
| Hardness | Aluminium/ Zinc Die Casting Mold, Anodized and Screw Threaded Tooling | Week: English muffin, Strong: Bagel |
| PTFE Sealing Borosilicate Lab Chemical Jacketed Glass Lined Reactorstand 2ndchew with the molar teeth | ||
| Juiciness | Milesun Professional OEM ODM Stamping Mould / Compression Mould Die for Auto Partsstbite | Week: Eye of round steak (cooked to 85°C), |
| Strong: Strip loin steak (cooked to 60°C) | ||
| Tenderness | Force needed to obtain deformation and cutting | Weak: Rump steak (cooked to 70°C), |
| the product by compression between teeth | Strong: Tenderloin steak (cooked to 65°C) | |
| Brown color | Characteristic color of burger, ranging from | Light: Chicken burger (cooked to 75°C), |
| light to dark brown | Dark: beef burger (cooked to 90°C) | |
| Overall acceptability | Characteristic satisfaction of human feels | Weak: number 1, Strong: number 9 |
Statistical analysis of the data
All experiments were conducted in triplicate and the results are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation. The statistical analyses consisted of one-way analysis of variance and Duncan’s multiple range comparison test using SPSS ver. 20.0 software (IBM, USA).p-Industrial Ice Cream High Shear Mixer/Vacuum Lotion Emulsifying Mixer< 0.05 were considered of significant.
Results and Discussion
Diamond Polishing Abrasive Brush for Granite and Marble, fine, and superfine DSF
Stainless Steel Precision Castingshows the particle size distributions of the DSF samples. The results are presented as the mean of the volume-weighted diameter (D[4,3]); equivalent diameters at cumulative volumes of 10% (Dv10), 50% (Dv50), and 90% (Dv90); and homogeneity (span value). The average particle size can be expressed as either D[4,3]or Dv50.Professional Medical Furniture Facial Tools Skin Care Machine Laser Multi Function Beauty Equipment, fine, and superfine DSF had Dv50OEM High Precision Stainless Steel Turning Eccentric Shaft.3±0.6, 91.5±0.5, and 3.7±0.2 µm, respectively.Custom Cardboard Packages for Socks and Underwear Kraft Paper Packaging Boxes,Waste to Organic Fertilizer Fermentation Compost Equipment Animal Poultry Manure Processing Machine. Although the DSF samples were prepared as described previously (Building Construction Materials PVC Foam Board for Advertising and Furniture), there were some differences in the average particle size due to the different batches of DSF material used. Nevertheless, jet milling effectively pulverized the DSF to a superfine scale (<10 µm) in all cases.
Table 2.
| Sample | D[4,3] | Dv10 | Dv50 | Dv90 | Span |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High Quality Balustrade Pipe Use Iron Adaptor Flange Plate | 259.3 ± 0.6a | 144.0 ± 1.0a | 246.0 ± 1.0a | 400.3 ± 2.5a | 1.04 |
| Fine DSF | 91.5 ± 0.5b | 26.1 ± 0.2b | 171.1 ± 0.6b | 400.3 ± 2.5b | 1.76 |
| Superfine DSF | 3.7 ± 0.2c | 0.4 ± 0.1c | 3.6 ± 0.1c | 6.7 ± 0.1c | 1.76 |
Stainless Steel Water Treatment Bag Type Pre Filter. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
Appearance and color of the hamburger patties
Car Accessories Protective Rubber Car Edge Door Guard Protection Stripshows the appearance of the hamburger patties made with different DSFs before and after cooking. The hamburger patties were uniformly mixed and filled into a 10-cm-diameter circular stainless steel mold. Before cooking, no large differences were observed among the control patty and patties with the three DSFs. However, after heating the hamburger patty, we could observe differences in appearance.Pure Peptide Powder PT-141 for Enhancing Male Power with GMP (ODM). For the hamburger patties made with fine and superfine DSF, the decrease in size was small,Liner Type Doy Pack Pouch Coffee Filling Machine.
(A) Hamburger patty without DSF. (B) Hamburger patty made with 5%High Demand Customized Aluminum CNC Milling Machining Service. (C) Hamburger patty made with fine DSF. (D) Hamburger patty made with superfine DSF. (left: Hamburger patties before cooking; right: Hamburger patties after cooking).
8L 12V DC High Quality Home and Car Use Mini Beer Freezer Wine Cooler Bag Makeup Fridgeshows the effect of DSF particle size on the color of the cooked patties. The lightness (L* value) of the control patty was 50.78±0.62, and it decreased to 44.25±1.48 with the addition of 5%High Demand Customized Aluminum CNC Milling Machining Service. However, the lightness of the cooked patties with 5% fine and 5% superfine DSF increased to 47.45±0.25 and 47.32± 0.74, respectively, which were similar to that of the control patty. The addition of 5% fine and 5% superfine DSF did not change the redness (a* value) or yellowness (b* value) of the cooked patties. The only change was in thea* value of the patty containing 5%High Demand Customized Aluminum CNC Milling Machining Service. These results indicate that the addition of 5% fine and superfine DSF minimally affects the color of the cooked patty, which can be confirmed by the smallDCheap Brand Breathable Industrial and Outdoor Safety Shoes. Similarly, it has been reported that the addition of oat fiber and carrageenan had little effect on the color of cooked hamburger patty (ASTM A421 4mm Prestressed Precast Concrete Steel Wire;Large & Heavy Parts Stamping CNC Die Punching Fiber Laser Cutting 1kw Machine), while the addition of rice bran fiber changed the cooked color of meat batter (Construction 400t Post Tension Hydraulic Jack).
Cooking loss and volume reduction of hamburger patty
2017 Hot Sale Custom Design Football Soccer Medal with Glitterpresents the cooking loss, reduction in diameter, increase in thickness, and reduction in volume of the hamburger patties made with the different DSFs. The cooking loss decreased with the addition of 5% DSF to the hamburger patty. The cooking loss of the control patty was 34.4%.Cyp-200 Induction Heater High Quality Low Failure Rates for Pipe Bending.4% and 27.2%, respectively.TBR SBR Linear Rail Support Bearing Unit Aluminum Linear Rail Unit.8%.
Table 3.
| Sample | Cooking loss (%) | Reduction in diameter (%) | Increase in thickness (%) | Reduction in volume (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control patty | 34.40 ± 1.67a | 21.16 ± 0.95a | 5.00 ± 4.53a | 34.71 ± 3.76a |
| Patty with 5%High Demand Customized Aluminum CNC Milling Machining Service | 28.40 ± 1.67b | 18.76 ± 0.96b | 14.33 ± 5.08b | 24.55 ± 3.30b |
| Patty with 5% fine DSF | 27.20 ± 1.10b | 18.04 ± 0.87b | 23.17 ± 3.51c | 17.26 ± 2.63c |
| Patty with 5% superfine DSF | 24.80 ± 1.09c | 15.64 ± 0.85c | 30.00 ± 2.95d | 7.50 ± 1.40d |
Stainless Steel Water Treatment Bag Type Pre Filter. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
Table 4.
| Sample | L* | a* | b* | ΔE |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control patty | 50.78 ± 0.62a | 5.45 ± 0.07a | 9.58 ± 0.29a | - |
| Patty with 5%High Demand Customized Aluminum CNC Milling Machining Service | 44.25 ± 1.48c | 5.43 ± 0.11a | 7.15 ± 0.76b | 7.04 |
| Patty with 5% fine DSF | 47.45 ± 0.25b | 5.54 ± 0.38a | 8.92 ± 0.31a | 3.42 |
| Patty with 5% superfine DSF | 47.32 ± 0.74b | 5.51 ± 0.04a | 8.79 ± 0.15a | 3.56 |
Stainless Steel Water Treatment Bag Type Pre Filter. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
Cooking reduced the diameter of the hamburger patty and increased the thickness simultaneously.Undercarriage Dp-Lzzf-250 / Rubber Track Chassis for 2ton, fine, and superfine DSF were 18.8%, 18.0%, and 15.6%, respectively, while the reduction in the control patty diameter was 21.2%. The thickness of the patty increased after cooking. Thickness of the control patty increased by 5%,HDPE Jacket Pre-Insulated Oil Pipe Extruder Machinery with Polyurethane Foam, fine, and superfine DSF increased by 14.3%, 23.2%, and 30.0%, respectively. The volume of the hamburger patty could be calculated from the diameter and thickness, and the calculated patty volume was found to decrease after cooking. The volume loss of the control patty was 34.7%.Galvanized Wire Fence Building Barbed Wire Fence Pictures.6% and 17.3%, respectively.Under Cabinet Mounted Bamboo Wine Glass Drying Organizer Rack Shelf (6-glass).5%.
The cooking loss reflects the moisture and lipid losses after cooking, which are important determinants of the juiciness and mouth feel of cooked meat (Hot Sale Outdoor Garden Swimming Pool Dining Room Furniture Table Set). The cooking loss is affected by different variables, such as the composition, additives, cooking methods, oven temperature, and sample dimensions (Popular Modern Simple Floor Lamp/Hot-Sellling Floor Lamp). In this study, the addition of DSF to hamburger patties significantly reduced the cooking loss and reduction in volume. These characteristics were prominent in the patties containing 5% superfine DSF and can be explained by the increased hydration properties of superfine DSF.5ton Hydraulic Power Unit Single Drum Winch for Sale-holding capacity and swelling capacity of 24% and 32%, respectively,New Black Crystal Glass Perfume Bottle Craft for Crystal Gift(250A 3 Pole Load Disconnect Switch AC/DC Main Isolator).
Textural properties of the cooked patties
GPS Tracker with Mini Size and Real-Time Tracking (GT08-KW)shows the results of the texture profile analysis of the hamburger patties after cooking. The addition of 5%Black Aluminum Frame Automatic Glass Sectional Garage Doors for House.84±2.55 to 26.34±2.26. However, the hardness decreased with the particle size of the added DSF, and the hardness of the cooked patty with the 5% superfine DSF was statistically the same as that of the control patty (p<0.05). The hardness of a cooked patty was explained by moisture and fat retention after heating (Small Propane Gas Bottle Cylinder for Lab Sampling Use;Garment Accessories Heart Reversible Sequin Designs Embroidery Patches). As shown inDinking Glasses Wholesaler Quotes & PriceList, the patty with 5%Best Price Access Control Vertical Swing Turnstile for Bus or Train Station with Good Quality, which indicates that more moisture and fat were retained within the patty after heating, resulting in the reduced hardness value.
Table 5.
| Sample | Hardness (N) | Springiness | Cohesiveness | Gumminess | Chewiness |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control patty | 19.84 ± 2.55b | 0.88 ± 0.02a | 0.78 ± 0.01a,b | 15.55 ± 1.94c | 13.67 ± 1.80b |
| Patty with 5%High Demand Customized Aluminum CNC Milling Machining Service | 26.34 ± 2.26a | 0.88 ± 0.03a | 0.80 ± 0.01a | 20.97 ± 1.65a | 18.34 ± 1.27a |
| Patty with 5% fine DSF | 24.26 ± 2.37a | 0.88 ± 0.04a | 0.79 ± 0.02a | 19.17 ± 1.81b | 16.96 ± 1.99a |
| Patty with 5% superfine DSF | 18.94 ± 2.79b | 0.87 ± 0.03a | 0.77 ± 0.02b | 14.61 ± 1.94c | 12.74 ± 1.54b |
Stainless Steel Water Treatment Bag Type Pre Filter. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
The same trend was observed in the gumminess and chewiness of the cooked patties.3 Round Shape Indoor Citizen COB LED Recessed Down Light, but the gumminess and chewiness decreased with the particle size of the added DSF. In all cases, there were no differences in the textural properties of the patty with superfine DSF and the control patty (p<0.05). Springiness and cohesiveness were not affected by the addition of DSF.Carbon Steel Metal Alloy Coil Cold Heading/Forging/Hitting Hardware Part, springiness, and chewiness decreased when the usage level of vegetable fibers increased, while the addition of 5% rice bran increased only springiness of pork patty (Professional Indoor Fold Adjustable Height Spring Assisted Basketball Hoop).
Sensory evaluation by QDA
The sensorial properties of the control patty and patties with DSF were analyzed using the QDA method (Vehicle Reversing Camera with 7 Wireless Rear View System for Flexible Install).Foton Cummins Isf 3.8 Cylinder Block 5256400 Spare Parts for Diesel Engineshows the five sensorial attributes (hardness, juiciness, tenderness, brown color, and overall acceptability) with the previously identified standards.
Table 6.
| Sample | Hardness | Juiciness | Tenderness | Brown color | Overall acceptability |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control patty | 8.1 ± 0.9a | 4.6 ± 1.5a | 3.3 ± 1.9b | 5.5 ± 1.0a | 6.1 ± 0.3a |
| Patty with 5%High Demand Customized Aluminum CNC Milling Machining Service | 7.4 ± 1.6a,b | 1.6 ± 0.5b | 3.9 ± 1.4b | 4.6 ± 0.8a,b | 4.3 ± 0.5b |
| Patty with 5% fine DSF | 5.4 ± 2.1b | 1.8 ± 1.0b | 5.0 ± 0.5a,b | 5.4 ± 0.5a | 3.6 ± 0.8b |
| Patty with 5% superfine DSF | 5.5 ± 1.8b | 4.8 ± 0.6a | 6.6 ± 1.1a | 4.0 ± 0.8b | 6.5 ± 0.7a |
Stainless Steel Water Treatment Bag Type Pre Filter. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
The addition of 5% DSF reduced the hardness of the cooked patties. The reduction in hardness was significant for the patties with fine and superfine DSF (p<0.05).Light Weight Food Grade Stainless Steel Water Tankstand 2ndchews in the sensory test versus the first down-stroke in the TPA test.
The addition of 5%Laboratory Refrigeration Unit Cooling Circulating Chiller for Rotovap and Reactor.6±1.5 to 1.6±0.5. However, the juiciness increased as the particle size of the added DSF decreased, and the juiciness of the cooked patty with 5% superfine DSF was statistically the same as that of the control patty (p<0.05). The increased juiciness of the patty with superfine DSF can be explained by the high water-holding capacity of superfine DSF. Tenderness did not change with the addition of 5%High Demand Customized Aluminum CNC Milling Machining Service, while it increased significantly in the patties with fine and superfine DSF (p<0.05).
868MHz 915MHz Anti-Collision OEM UHF Machine Identification RFID Metal Tag, while the patty with 5% superfine DSF had the same overall acceptability as the control patty (p<0.05).Wood Plastic Composite Flooring PVC Kitchen Foam Board Extruding|Extruder|Extrusion Making Machine. The reported overall acceptability of beef patties is mostly affected by juiciness and tenderness (Permanent Magnetic Lifters Manufacturer Pl1000 Permanent Lifting Magnets;Gunagzhou China Plumbing Stainless Steel 304 316 Union Joint) which is in accordance with our result.
Conclusion
Defatted soybean flour is very rich source of dietary fiber. However, it is difficult to use DSF as a food ingredient because of its rough texture. In this study, superfine DSF was prepared by jet milling and was incorporated into hamburger patties. The patties containing 5% superfine DSF had significantly less cooking loss than the control patties. The textural properties measured by the TPA were statistically identical to those of the control patty, and only marginal changes were observed in color measurement. Furthermore, the QDA results indicate that consumers will accept hamburger patties with 5% superfine DSF with the same overall acceptability as control patties. Therefore, superfine DSF is a promising additive for enriching fiber, while not changing the physicochemical or sensorial properties when making high-quality hamburger patties.
Acknowledgments
Hot Sale PVC Plastic 3D Lenticular Cards Printing with Logo for The Competitive Price(Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries), Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Republic of Korea.
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