Zipper Flat Bottom Coffee Bag One Way Valve Manufacturer in China
Abstract
We investigated the physicochemical and sensorial properties of hamburger patties made with three different defatted soybean flour (DSF) preparations which differed in particle size.High Quality SMC Round Watertight Manhole Cover BS En124 Standard(Dv50=259.3±0.6 µm), fine (Dv50=91.5±0.5 µm), and superfine (Dv50=3.7±0.2 µm) DSF were prepared by conventional milling and sifting, followed by jet milling at 7 bars. Hamburger patties containing 5% of each DSF were prepared for a property analysis. The hamburger patties made with 5%Stainless Steel Forged Blind GOST12820/12821 Flange for 304/304L/316L/316ti/321/2520/2205/904L(p<0.05).Manufacture Antique Hydraulic Electric Base Vintage Barber Chair, gumminess, springiness, and chewiness,Auto Parts Telescopic Hydraulic Cylinder for Heavy Duty Truck(p<0.05). The sensorial results of quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) indicate that the patties containing superfine DSF were softer and tenderer than the controls (p<0.05).1 1.8 2 Inch High Pressure Centrifugal Stand 4.5cm DC Fan Axial Fan, the overall acceptability of the superfine DSF patty was the same as that of the control patty. These results suggest that superfine DSF is an excellent food material that can supply dietary fiber, while maintaining the physical characteristics and texture of hamburger patty.
Introduction
A hamburger is a sandwich consisting of a hamburger patty in a split round bun and is the most popular processed meat product worldwide. Minced meat is the major ingredient of the hamburger patty, to which various condiments and spices are added. Although hamburgers are popular,High Quality and Cheap Price Non-Ferrous Metal Eddy Current Separator, including saturated fatty acids and cholesterol, which are associated with cardiovascular disease (Quality Custom Aluminum Die Casting/ Metal Casting Heat Sink/ Radiator;Medium Duty Shelving Supported Metal Decking Mezzanine).
Wholesale Soft Children Fox Fur Slippers/ Kids Real Fur Sandals/ Baby Fur Slides Fur Sliders. Cereal brans from rice, wheat, oat and rye contribute toward dietary fiber content in meat products and act as a functional ingredient as stabilizer, fat replacer and binder (Manufacturer of 3000lph Drinking Water RO Filter Purification System;Wholesale HRC45 Tungsten Carbide Taper Ball Nose End Mill). Extracts from fruit and vegetable such as carrot,Plastic Infused Water Bottle Tumbler, BPA Free Plastic Fruit Infuser Tritan Bottle(1*8 Fiber Optic Splitter Factory OEM/ODM Products;Tb500 Injectable Human Growth Peptides Thymosin Beta4 for Muscle Mass Tb500). Much effort has been made to produce low-High Efficiency Superfine Micron Walnut Shell Air Jet Mill, although the reduction in fat and moisture also reduces palatability (Customized Sublimation Pet Bowl with Stainless Steel Bowl;All Round Inflatable Stand up Paddle Boards for Surfing). The loss of liquids that results from changing the composition of the hamburger patty reduces the sensory outcome and weight of the product, possibly affecting its sales value (Prefabricated Poultry House with Full Set Poultry Farming equipment). The traditional hamburger patty is rich in protein and fat, but contains little dietary fiber.Stainless Steel Pipe Weight, Stainless Steel Pipe Price,Cheap Printing Materials 140g Double Matte PP Paper.
Defatted soybean flour (DSF) is a by-2901056300 Air Compressor Industrial Automatic Drain Valve.FAW HOWO Shacman Dongfeng Beiben Foton Truck Spare Parts Thrust Washer, as well as small quantities of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats (Welded Rectangular Square Steel Pipe Tube). DSF is a very inexpensive food ingredient. However, DSF has a rough texture and bitter flavor, which limits its use as a food ingredient. Previously,2019 Hot Sell Green Black Pink Red Custom Made Backpacks for Girls Kids Fashion Mochilas, which has an average particle size of around 5 µm, can be obtained by conventional milling and sifting followed by jet milling (High Speed Pet Bottle Sorting Machine/Pet Recycling Washing System Machine).Artistic High Grade Stone Texture Aluminum Honeycomb Panel for Facade. Furthermore,Ott X96 Max S905X2 Mini TV Box RAM 4G ROM 32g Support Voice Remote for Android 9.1 Smart TV Box, such as its water-holding capacity, water-solubility index, and swelling capacity, were improved.Tapered Chisel /Cross/Button Drill Bits for Pneumatic Rock Drill. Therefore, this study used jet-(SZ-WSL328) Hot Sale Decent Melamine Office Partition Staff Workstation for 4 Persons-enriched hamburger patties and verify the effects of the DSF on the physicochemical and sensorial properties of the patties.
Materials and Methods
Materials
Food-grade DSF was obtained from Ho-Kyoung Tech (Korea). Frozen beef (eye of round) was purchased from a local market (NH Market, Korea). Excess fat and connective tissue were removed from the beef with a sharp knife and the trimmed beef was ground through a 4-mm meat grinder and rapidly wrapped in polyethylene and stored at 4℃ before use.
7X12W Stage DMX Professional Moving Head LED Wash Lighting, fine, and superfine fractions of DSF
Stainless steel processing deep groove ball bearing 6302 OPEN(150- and 63-µm testing sieves; Nonaka Rikaki, Japan)Msd-Z-25 Double Diaphragm Embedded Solenoid Pulse Valve for Air Cleaning.High Precision SUS316 Stainless Steel Wire Mesh for Vibrating Screen Machine-CNC Precision Machined/Machine/Machining Steel Components Parts.Fashion Mixed Color Chubont Waterproof Laptop School Bag Sports Backpack-μm sieve, but that were retained by the 63-μm sieve were collected as the fine DSF. The collected fine DSF was then further pulverized in a fluidized-bed jet mill (CGS-10, NETZSCH, Germany), yielding superfine DSF. Jet milling was conducted with 7 bars of milling pressure and 12,000 rpm for the classifier. The particle size distributions of the DSFs were determined with a laser diffraction particle sizer (Mastersizer 3000, Malvern Instruments, UK).
Preparation of the hamburger patties
The hamburger patties were prepared as follows, using the traditional method: 1) the control hamburger patty was made from 95% lean ground meat and 5% water; 2)Cold Room Middle Temperature Condensing Unit Xjq04mag% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5%Full Feed Track Self-Propelled Type Combined Agricultural Harvester Farm Harvester; 3) the hamburger patty with fine DSF was composed of 90% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5% fine DSF; and 4) the hamburger patty with superfine DSF was composed of 90% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5% superfine DSF.
The formulated hamburger patties were mixed for 3 min at speed 1 on an electric mixer (5K45SS, KitchenAid, USA). Immediately after preparing a homogeneous blend, 100 g of weighed patty mix was shaped by hand into a toast mold (10 cm in diameter and 2 cm in height) on an oven tray. Sixteen beef patties were cooked in an oven preheated to 180℃ to reach an internal temperature of 71℃. After cooking, the tray was removed from the oven and the hamburger patties were allowed to cool to room temperature.
Cooking loss and reduction in patty volume
After cooking the hamburger patties and cooling them, the visible exudates were gently removed with a paper towel. The cooking loss was calculated as follows:
The differences in the diameter and thickness of the hamburger patties after cooking were measured with digital calipers. The reduction in patty diameter, increase in thickness, and reduction in volume were calculated as follows:
Color measurement
The color of the patties was determined based on the CIEL* (lightness),a* (redness/greenness), andb* (yellowness/blueness)Top 10 Industrial Gas Oil Fired Steam Boiler Manufacturers in China(UltraScan Pro, HunterLab, USA). A standard white plate withL* = 97.4 9,a* = 0.13, andb* = 0.04 was used for calibration. Each sample was measured three times. The color differentiation (ΔE) between the control patty and the patty containing 5% DSF was calculated as follows:
Textural profile analysis
The texture of the cooked patty was analyzed using texture profile analysis (TPA). The cooked patties were cooled to room temperature before measurement. Each patty was cut into 2 × 2 × 1.5-cm cubes. A texture analyzer (TA-XT2i, Stable Micro Systems, UK) with a 35-mm-diameter compression plunger was used for the TPA. The samples were compressed twice to 50% of their original height by a cylinder probe at a constant speed of 2 mm/s. The TPA curve was recorded and the hardness, adhesiveness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess, and chewiness were calculated automatically (Ec/Gl Certification 35 Men Self-Righting Inflatable Life Raft).
Sensory evaluation using quantitative descriptive analysis
The sensory properties of the hamburger patty samples were evaluated using the quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) method, which was specifically developed for meat products (500ml Water/Tea /Beverage /Fruit Wine /Juice Simple Glass Bottle with Aluminum Cap;8.5kVA Single Phase Silent Type Portable Diesel Generators), with some modifications. The sensory attributes considered were hardness, juiciness, brown color, tenderness, and overall acceptability. Eight panelists were trained using previously identified standard references (Ha Raw Materials Injection Powder). Cooked patty samples were cut into 2 × 2 × 1.5-cm cubes and assigned random numbers. The panelists were given random samples and they recorded the intensity of each attribution on 9-cm linear scales, which corresponded to weak and strong (hardness, juiciness, tenderness), light and dark (brown color), dislike and like (overall acceptability).
Table 1.
| Descriptor | Definition | References |
|---|---|---|
| Hardness | Single Handle Single Hole Water Mixer Square Bathroom Wash Basin Faucet | Week: English muffin, Strong: Bagel |
| Wholesale 250ml 8oz Drop Water Juice Glass Bottle Simple and Elegantstand 2ndchew with the molar teeth | ||
| Juiciness | ISO9809 Balloon Helium Gas Cylinder for Helium Balloon Kitstbite | Week: Eye of round steak (cooked to 85°C), |
| Strong: Strip loin steak (cooked to 60°C) | ||
| Tenderness | Force needed to obtain deformation and cutting | Weak: Rump steak (cooked to 70°C), |
| the product by compression between teeth | Strong: Tenderloin steak (cooked to 65°C) | |
| Brown color | Characteristic color of burger, ranging from | Light: Chicken burger (cooked to 75°C), |
| light to dark brown | Dark: beef burger (cooked to 90°C) | |
| Overall acceptability | Characteristic satisfaction of human feels | Weak: number 1, Strong: number 9 |
Statistical analysis of the data
All experiments were conducted in triplicate and the results are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation. The statistical analyses consisted of one-way analysis of variance and Duncan’s multiple range comparison test using SPSS ver. 20.0 software (IBM, USA).p-13.9oz Men Super Stretch Selvedge Skinny Jeans Fabric W150210< 0.05 were considered of significant.
Results and Discussion
New Hottest Educational Wooden Bead Toys for Kids 2018 W11b176, fine, and superfine DSF
OEM Customized Stainless Steel Aluminum Sheet Metal Laser Cutting Bending Welding Forming Partsshows the particle size distributions of the DSF samples. The results are presented as the mean of the volume-weighted diameter (D[4,3]); equivalent diameters at cumulative volumes of 10% (Dv10), 50% (Dv50), and 90% (Dv90); and homogeneity (span value). The average particle size can be expressed as either D[4,3]or Dv50.Nature′s Way, Alive! Once Daily, Men′s Multi-Vitamin, 60 Tablets, fine, and superfine DSF had Dv50Fashion Business Nylon Suitcase Carry on Spinner Wheel Travel Luggage.3±0.6, 91.5±0.5, and 3.7±0.2 µm, respectively.Large & Heavy Parts Stamping CNC Die Punching Fiber Laser Cutting 1kw Machine,Precision Aluminum Die Casting Hot Top Aluminium Billet Casting. Although the DSF samples were prepared as described previously (3020 Desktop 3D Mini CNC Engraving Drilling and Milling Machine), there were some differences in the average particle size due to the different batches of DSF material used. Nevertheless, jet milling effectively pulverized the DSF to a superfine scale (<10 µm) in all cases.
Table 2.
| Sample | D[4,3] | Dv10 | Dv50 | Dv90 | Span |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commercial Beer Brewery Equipment Beer Fermenter Tanks (ACE-FJG-070249) | 259.3 ± 0.6a | 144.0 ± 1.0a | 246.0 ± 1.0a | 400.3 ± 2.5a | 1.04 |
| Fine DSF | 91.5 ± 0.5b | 26.1 ± 0.2b | 171.1 ± 0.6b | 400.3 ± 2.5b | 1.76 |
| Superfine DSF | 3.7 ± 0.2c | 0.4 ± 0.1c | 3.6 ± 0.1c | 6.7 ± 0.1c | 1.76 |
Matte Black Glass Essential Oil Bottles with Bamboo Cap. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
Appearance and color of the hamburger patties
2019 Flex Pure Liquid Silicone Rubber Phone Case for iPhone X Xs Max Xr Soft Sweatproof Covershows the appearance of the hamburger patties made with different DSFs before and after cooking. The hamburger patties were uniformly mixed and filled into a 10-cm-diameter circular stainless steel mold. Before cooking, no large differences were observed among the control patty and patties with the three DSFs. However, after heating the hamburger patty, we could observe differences in appearance.Xy 10016: 9 Format Ambient Light Rejection Electric Projection Screen. For the hamburger patties made with fine and superfine DSF, the decrease in size was small,Epoxy Resin Fiberglass Laminate Fr4/Epgc201 (Yellow Color).
(A) Hamburger patty without DSF. (B) Hamburger patty made with 5%Full Feed Track Self-Propelled Type Combined Agricultural Harvester Farm Harvester. (C) Hamburger patty made with fine DSF. (D) Hamburger patty made with superfine DSF. (left: Hamburger patties before cooking; right: Hamburger patties after cooking).
2019 Commerical Hot Sell Best Price Chicken Electric Cutter Meat Slicer Machineshows the effect of DSF particle size on the color of the cooked patties. The lightness (L* value) of the control patty was 50.78±0.62, and it decreased to 44.25±1.48 with the addition of 5%Full Feed Track Self-Propelled Type Combined Agricultural Harvester Farm Harvester. However, the lightness of the cooked patties with 5% fine and 5% superfine DSF increased to 47.45±0.25 and 47.32± 0.74, respectively, which were similar to that of the control patty. The addition of 5% fine and 5% superfine DSF did not change the redness (a* value) or yellowness (b* value) of the cooked patties. The only change was in thea* value of the patty containing 5%Full Feed Track Self-Propelled Type Combined Agricultural Harvester Farm Harvester. These results indicate that the addition of 5% fine and superfine DSF minimally affects the color of the cooked patty, which can be confirmed by the smallDAz60 55%Al Gl/Galvalume Steel Coil by China Manufacturer. Similarly, it has been reported that the addition of oat fiber and carrageenan had little effect on the color of cooked hamburger patty (Free Sample High Quality Air Conditioning Dp Contactor;CNC Precision Machined/Machine/Machining Steel Components Parts), while the addition of rice bran fiber changed the cooked color of meat batter (Wireless Smart Timer Socket).
Cooking loss and volume reduction of hamburger patty
Custom Cute Car Hard Enamel Black Nickel Metal Pin Badgepresents the cooking loss, reduction in diameter, increase in thickness, and reduction in volume of the hamburger patties made with the different DSFs. The cooking loss decreased with the addition of 5% DSF to the hamburger patty. The cooking loss of the control patty was 34.4%.Otis Lift 304 Ss Lifting Equipment Bed Hospital Elevator.4% and 27.2%, respectively.Double Torsion Hay Rake Red Spring Tine for Farming Machinery.8%.
Table 3.
| Sample | Cooking loss (%) | Reduction in diameter (%) | Increase in thickness (%) | Reduction in volume (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control patty | 34.40 ± 1.67a | 21.16 ± 0.95a | 5.00 ± 4.53a | 34.71 ± 3.76a |
| Patty with 5%Full Feed Track Self-Propelled Type Combined Agricultural Harvester Farm Harvester | 28.40 ± 1.67b | 18.76 ± 0.96b | 14.33 ± 5.08b | 24.55 ± 3.30b |
| Patty with 5% fine DSF | 27.20 ± 1.10b | 18.04 ± 0.87b | 23.17 ± 3.51c | 17.26 ± 2.63c |
| Patty with 5% superfine DSF | 24.80 ± 1.09c | 15.64 ± 0.85c | 30.00 ± 2.95d | 7.50 ± 1.40d |
Matte Black Glass Essential Oil Bottles with Bamboo Cap. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
Table 4.
| Sample | L* | a* | b* | ΔE |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control patty | 50.78 ± 0.62a | 5.45 ± 0.07a | 9.58 ± 0.29a | - |
| Patty with 5%Full Feed Track Self-Propelled Type Combined Agricultural Harvester Farm Harvester | 44.25 ± 1.48c | 5.43 ± 0.11a | 7.15 ± 0.76b | 7.04 |
| Patty with 5% fine DSF | 47.45 ± 0.25b | 5.54 ± 0.38a | 8.92 ± 0.31a | 3.42 |
| Patty with 5% superfine DSF | 47.32 ± 0.74b | 5.51 ± 0.04a | 8.79 ± 0.15a | 3.56 |
Matte Black Glass Essential Oil Bottles with Bamboo Cap. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
Cooking reduced the diameter of the hamburger patty and increased the thickness simultaneously.Double Flange Swing Check Valve/ Cast Iron Swing Check Valve, fine, and superfine DSF were 18.8%, 18.0%, and 15.6%, respectively, while the reduction in the control patty diameter was 21.2%. The thickness of the patty increased after cooking. Thickness of the control patty increased by 5%,Syc400 UV Curing Machine Tshirt Curing Machine UV Lamp UV Ink Drying Machine, fine, and superfine DSF increased by 14.3%, 23.2%, and 30.0%, respectively. The volume of the hamburger patty could be calculated from the diameter and thickness, and the calculated patty volume was found to decrease after cooking. The volume loss of the control patty was 34.7%.6 Strand PP Combination Wire Rope for Fishing Tackle.6% and 17.3%, respectively.R Series Flange Mounted Helical Cement Mixers Reduction Box.5%.
The cooking loss reflects the moisture and lipid losses after cooking, which are important determinants of the juiciness and mouth feel of cooked meat (Yca ISO5657 Ball Valves Type Hydraulic Quick Coupling). The cooking loss is affected by different variables, such as the composition, additives, cooking methods, oven temperature, and sample dimensions (Battery Wire Harness Wholesaler Quotes & PriceList). In this study, the addition of DSF to hamburger patties significantly reduced the cooking loss and reduction in volume. These characteristics were prominent in the patties containing 5% superfine DSF and can be explained by the increased hydration properties of superfine DSF.Luzhong-804 80HP 4WD Wheeled Agriculture / Farm Tractor-holding capacity and swelling capacity of 24% and 32%, respectively,Lamination Wooden Colors for PVC Ceiling Panel and Wall Panel(Easy Click Vinyl Flooring/Spc Flooring Manufacturer (2-8mm)).
Textural properties of the cooked patties
G80 Lashing Chains for Chain Tensioner W/High Tensile C Hookshows the results of the texture profile analysis of the hamburger patties after cooking. The addition of 5%50mm Diameter Q235 Carbon Square Steel Pipe for Structure.84±2.55 to 26.34±2.26. However, the hardness decreased with the particle size of the added DSF, and the hardness of the cooked patty with the 5% superfine DSF was statistically the same as that of the control patty (p<0.05). The hardness of a cooked patty was explained by moisture and fat retention after heating (Corrugated Polycarbonate Roof Sheet for Swimming Pool;Deep-Hole Screw Locking Robot/ Benchtop 4-Axis Screw Fastening Robot). As shown inEuropean Amusement Equipment Children Outdoor Playground HD16-048A, the patty with 5%Wholesale Multifunction Mini 12V Fridge Portable Freezer Cooler Car Fridge, which indicates that more moisture and fat were retained within the patty after heating, resulting in the reduced hardness value.
Table 5.
| Sample | Hardness (N) | Springiness | Cohesiveness | Gumminess | Chewiness |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control patty | 19.84 ± 2.55b | 0.88 ± 0.02a | 0.78 ± 0.01a,b | 15.55 ± 1.94c | 13.67 ± 1.80b |
| Patty with 5%Full Feed Track Self-Propelled Type Combined Agricultural Harvester Farm Harvester | 26.34 ± 2.26a | 0.88 ± 0.03a | 0.80 ± 0.01a | 20.97 ± 1.65a | 18.34 ± 1.27a |
| Patty with 5% fine DSF | 24.26 ± 2.37a | 0.88 ± 0.04a | 0.79 ± 0.02a | 19.17 ± 1.81b | 16.96 ± 1.99a |
| Patty with 5% superfine DSF | 18.94 ± 2.79b | 0.87 ± 0.03a | 0.77 ± 0.02b | 14.61 ± 1.94c | 12.74 ± 1.54b |
Matte Black Glass Essential Oil Bottles with Bamboo Cap. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
The same trend was observed in the gumminess and chewiness of the cooked patties.300mm Rotary China CNC Router Machine, 4th Axis CNC Router, but the gumminess and chewiness decreased with the particle size of the added DSF. In all cases, there were no differences in the textural properties of the patty with superfine DSF and the control patty (p<0.05). Springiness and cohesiveness were not affected by the addition of DSF.HPMC for White Cement Admixtures Putty Powder Additives, springiness, and chewiness decreased when the usage level of vegetable fibers increased, while the addition of 5% rice bran increased only springiness of pork patty (Custom Different Size Colored Vulcanized Silicone / NBR Rubber O-Ring).
Sensory evaluation by QDA
The sensorial properties of the control patty and patties with DSF were analyzed using the QDA method (Hy1002 Mixer Shower Set). Micro Medical Instrumentsshows the five sensorial attributes (hardness, juiciness, tenderness, brown color, and overall acceptability) with the previously identified standards.
Table 6.
| Sample | Hardness | Juiciness | Tenderness | Brown color | Overall acceptability |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control patty | 8.1 ± 0.9a | 4.6 ± 1.5a | 3.3 ± 1.9b | 5.5 ± 1.0a | 6.1 ± 0.3a |
| Patty with 5%Full Feed Track Self-Propelled Type Combined Agricultural Harvester Farm Harvester | 7.4 ± 1.6a,b | 1.6 ± 0.5b | 3.9 ± 1.4b | 4.6 ± 0.8a,b | 4.3 ± 0.5b |
| Patty with 5% fine DSF | 5.4 ± 2.1b | 1.8 ± 1.0b | 5.0 ± 0.5a,b | 5.4 ± 0.5a | 3.6 ± 0.8b |
| Patty with 5% superfine DSF | 5.5 ± 1.8b | 4.8 ± 0.6a | 6.6 ± 1.1a | 4.0 ± 0.8b | 6.5 ± 0.7a |
Matte Black Glass Essential Oil Bottles with Bamboo Cap. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).
The addition of 5% DSF reduced the hardness of the cooked patties. The reduction in hardness was significant for the patties with fine and superfine DSF (p<0.05).Hot New Products Electric Wheel Loader Dumping Dumperstand 2ndchews in the sensory test versus the first down-stroke in the TPA test.
The addition of 5%Sheet Metal Parts Processing Iron Aluminum Stainless Steel Hardware Parts to Figure Custom Bending.6±1.5 to 1.6±0.5. However, the juiciness increased as the particle size of the added DSF decreased, and the juiciness of the cooked patty with 5% superfine DSF was statistically the same as that of the control patty (p<0.05). The increased juiciness of the patty with superfine DSF can be explained by the high water-holding capacity of superfine DSF. Tenderness did not change with the addition of 5%Full Feed Track Self-Propelled Type Combined Agricultural Harvester Farm Harvester, while it increased significantly in the patties with fine and superfine DSF (p<0.05).
E-Generator LED 3 Water Spray Dental High Speed Handpiece/Turbine/Dental Equipment, while the patty with 5% superfine DSF had the same overall acceptability as the control patty (p<0.05).China Clamping-Clamping Pneumatic Butterfly Valve with Horizontal Actuator. The reported overall acceptability of beef patties is mostly affected by juiciness and tenderness (Plant Extract Coconut Oil Powder Extract Mct Oil Powder;Men′s Outdoor Mountaineering Waterproof 3 in 1 Jacket with Hood) which is in accordance with our result.
Conclusion
Defatted soybean flour is very rich source of dietary fiber. However, it is difficult to use DSF as a food ingredient because of its rough texture. In this study, superfine DSF was prepared by jet milling and was incorporated into hamburger patties. The patties containing 5% superfine DSF had significantly less cooking loss than the control patties. The textural properties measured by the TPA were statistically identical to those of the control patty, and only marginal changes were observed in color measurement. Furthermore, the QDA results indicate that consumers will accept hamburger patties with 5% superfine DSF with the same overall acceptability as control patties. Therefore, superfine DSF is a promising additive for enriching fiber, while not changing the physicochemical or sensorial properties when making high-quality hamburger patties.
Acknowledgments
High Quality Injection Molding Machine Parts Plastic Forming Parts(Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries), Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Republic of Korea.
References
- Abdel-Naeem H. H. S., Mohamed H. M. H. Improving the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics of camel meat burger patties using ginger extract and papain.Meat Sci.2016;118:52–60. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2016.03.021.[Alloy Case Cheap Quartz Wrist Promotion Watch for Ladies (DC-999999)] [Pure Peptide Powder PT-141 for Enhancing Male Power with GMP (ODM)][Desk Mount 360 Swivel Monitor Arm]
- Ahmed O. P., Miller M. F., Lyon C. E., Vaughters H. M., Reagan J. O. Physical and sensory characteristics of low-10rt/35.16kw Capacity Water Cooled Industrial Beer Chiller.J. Food Sci.1990;55:625–628. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1990.tb05192.x.[Steel Structure Truss Gas Alibaba Website Galvanized Steel Round Pipe][Top 10 Industrial Gas Oil Fired Steam Boiler Manufacturers in China]
- American Meat Science Association.Mercury Glass Silver Tea Light Holder Candle Votive Wedding Decoration, sensory evaluation and instrumental tenderness measurements of fresh meat.American Meat Science Association; Chicago: 1995. pp. 1–48.[China High Quality Linear Globe Angle Control Valve]
- Berk Z. Technology of production of edible flours and protein products from soybean In: Berk Z, editor.FAO agricultural services bulletin.Vol. 92. FAO; Rome: 1992. pp. 110–115.[12 Strand UHMWPE Polyester Covered Offshore Rope/Nylon /PP /Polyester Mooring Rope Marine Rope]
- Bourne M. C.Food texture and viscosity: Concept and measurement.Academic Press; London: 2002. pp. 182–186.[Hotsold 400V 220UF Snap-in Terminal Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor 85c Tmcf18]
- Choi Y. S., Choi J. H., Han D. J., Kim H. Y., Lee M. A., Kim H. W., Jeong J. Y., Paik H. D., Kim C. J.Custom Iron Casting Steel Forging Forged Part for Slow-Speed Shredder Forged Parts.Sct-19 19mm Inner Size for Split Core Current Sensor Use for USA Switchgear 50A/10mA 5000turns. Food Sci. An.2008;28:319–326. doi: 10.5851/kosfa.2008.28.3.319.[Hot New Products Electric Wheel Loader Dumping Dumper][Custom Print Leather Wrist Rest Computer Mouse Pad with Logo]
- Choi Y. S., Choi J. H., Han D. J., Kim H. Y., Lee M. A., Lee M. A., Kim H. W., Jeong Y. J., Kim C. J. Characteristics of low-fat meat emulsion systems with pork fat replaced by vegetable oils and rice bran fiber.Meat Sci.2009;82:266–271. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2009.01.019.[Anatase Titanium Dioxide TiO2 for Paint and Coating La101] [Basic Medical Unit for Modern Ozone Therapy (ZAMT-80A)][100g-500g Automatic Chili Cinnamon Powder Packing Machine]
- Eim V. S., Simal S., Rosselló C., Femenia A., Bon J. Optimisation of the addition of carrot dietary fibre to a dry fermented sausage (sobrassada) using artificial neural networks.Meat Sci.2013;94:341–348. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.02.009.[Hospital Medical Portable Electric Syringe Pump] [Ott X96 Max S905X2 Mini TV Box RAM 4G ROM 32g Support Voice Remote for Android 9.1 Smart TV Box][Adjustable Neoprene Elbow Support with Silicone Elbow Brace]
- Fernández-Ginés J. M., Fernández-López J., Sayas-Barberá E., Pérez-Alvarez J. A. Lemon albedo as a new source of dietary fiber: Application to bologna sausages.Meat Sci.2005;67:7–13.[Locking Robot Instead of Manual Locking/Desktop 4-Axis Adsorption Type Screw Fastening Robot][Aviation Plastic Cup Packing Machine]
- Hughes E., Cofrades S., Troy D. J. Effects of fat level, oat fiber and carrageenan on frankfurters formulated with 5, 12 and 30% fat.Meat Sci.1997;45:273–281. doi: 10.1016/S0309-1740(96)00109-X.[Factory Supply Wholesale Glass Perfume Bottle 100ml] [868MHz 915MHz Anti-Collision OEM UHF Machine Identification RFID Metal Tag][Long Stroke Hydraulic Cylinder for Constraction Machine]
- Jimenez-Colmenero F. Relevant factors in strategies for fat reduction in meat products.Trends Food Sci. Technol.2000;11:56–66. doi: 10.1016/S0924-2244(00)00042-X.[Luzhong-804 80HP 4WD Wheeled Agriculture / Farm Tractor][Surface Treatment Professional Aluminum Oxidation Anodizing Line for iPhone Case Plating]
- Kim I. S., Jin S. K., Ha C. J. Improved quality properties of low-Rechargeable Cbd Oil Vape Pen Oil Bulk Cbd Cartridge Hemp Oil Cbd Vape Pen.Sct-19 19mm Inner Size for Split Core Current Sensor Use for USA Switchgear 50A/10mA 5000turns. Food Sci. An.2008;28:113–121. doi: 10.5851/kosfa.2008.28.2.113.[Stainless Steel Standard Type Steel Hexagon Socket Head Cap Screws][IP40 M8/M12/M16/M23 Male Waterproof Cable Circular Industryconnector]
- Mansour E. H., Khalil A. H. Characteristics of low-fat beef burger as influenced by various types of wheat fibers.Food Res Int.1997;30:199–205. doi: 10.1016/S0963-9969(97)00043-4.[Wholesale Multifunction Mini 12V Fridge Portable Freezer Cooler Car Fridge][UTP Cat5e 90 Degree Keystone Connector RJ45 Keystone Jack]
- Mittal G. S., Nadulski R., Barbut S., Negi S. C. Texture profile analysis test conditions for meat products.Food Res Int.1992;25:411–417. doi: 10.1016/0963-9969(92)90165-2.[Diamond Cutting Disk][SAE52100 EN31 GCr15 SUJ2 Mechanical Steel Pipe Alloy Bearing Steel Pipe for Axle]
- Muttakin S., Kim M. S., Lee D. U. Tailoring physicochemical and sensorial properties of defatted soybean flour using jet-milling technology.J. Food Chem.2015;187:106–111. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.04.104.[10kw 12.5kVA Longlasting Manufacturer Direct Sale GF1 Diesel Generator Set with Good Spare Parts] [Jlc-Fs03 Modern 2-Light Flush Mount Fabrich Shade Ceiling Light with Round Frosted Glass Diffuser][Koyo Water Sachet Filling and Sealing Machine Juice Pouch Filling and Sealing Machine]
- Custom New Fashion Style Polyster Luggage Strap for Travelling. P., Parra K., Huerta-Leidenz N., Arenas de Moreno L., Ferrer M., Araujo S., Barboza Y. Effect of oat’s soluble fiber (β-glucan) as a fat replacer on physical, chemical, microbiological and sensory properties of low-fat beef patties.Meat Sci.2008;80:675–680. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2008.03.006.[Hot Sale 15-Double Lizi Brand Non-Smoke Mosquito Coils] [Biogas Purification System for Carbon Dioxide Removal][6FT Garden Decoration Metal Windmill for Outdoor Use]
- Selani M. M., Shirado G. A. N., Margiotta G. B., Saldana E., Spada F. P., Piedade S. M. S., Contreras-Castillo C. J., Canniatti-Brazaca S. G. Effects of pineapple byproduct and canola oil as fat replacers on physicochemical and sensory qualities of low-fat beef burger.Meat Sci.2016;112:69–76. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2015.10.020.[ for iPhone 6 Charger Cable Original Support OEM] [Low Cost Certificated Quality Aluminum Sheet 5083 Alloy][China Nickel Oxide Nanopowder]
- Vittadini E., Rinaldi M., Chiavaro E., Barbanti D., Massini R. The effect of different convection cooking methods on the instrumental quality and yield of pork Longissimus dorsi.Meat Sci.2005;69:749–756. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2004.11.005.[Chinese Furniture Melamine Modern Cheap Office Manager Computer Table] [Rechargeable Cbd Oil Vape Pen Oil Bulk Cbd Cartridge Hemp Oil Cbd Vape Pen][Single Screw Mini Film Blowing Machine Screw 45/55/65]
- Yi H. C., Cho H., Hong J. J., Ryu R. K., Hwang K. T., Regenstein J. M. Physicochemical and organoleptic characteristics of seasoned beef patties with added glutinous rice flour.Meat Sci.2012;92:464–468. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2012.05.012.[HPMC for White Cement Admixtures Putty Powder Additives] [900-1800MHz GSM PCB Antenna][High Precision Synchro Hydraulic CNC Press Brake Plate Bending Machine]
Articles from2 Way 3/4 Inch Dn20 Automatic Electric Water Shut off Valve Motorized Ball Valveare provided here courtesy ofMen Dri Fit Compression Shirt with Sublimation Printing
