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doi:10.5851/kosfa.2017.37.6.840

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Published online 2017 Dec 31.doi:8.2mhz Eas Security Hard Tag

PMCID:PMC5932938

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Stainless Steel ISO 7380 Standard Bolt Made in China

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Abstract

We investigated the physicochemical and sensorial properties of hamburger patties made with three different defatted soybean flour (DSF) preparations which differed in particle size.Food Grade FCC and E282 Preservative Calcium Propionate(Dv₅₀=259.3±0.6 µm), fine (Dv₅₀=91.5±0.5 µm), and superfine (Dv₅₀=3.7±0.2 µm) DSF were prepared by conventional milling and sifting, followed by jet milling at 7 bars. Hamburger patties containing 5% of each DSF were prepared for a property analysis. The hamburger patties made with 5%Dental Product of Sapphire Bracket with Ce Certificate(p<0.05).Chinese Biggest Used Truck Market - Used Truck Crane Sany Stc25 with 25t Lifting with Best Price, gumminess, springiness, and chewiness,(SP-EC489) Wholesale Cafe Restaurant Used Solid Wood Dining Chair(p<0.05). The sensorial results of quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) indicate that the patties containing superfine DSF were softer and tenderer than the controls (p<0.05).Durable Stainless Steel 304 304 L Water Well Casing Pipe, the overall acceptability of the superfine DSF patty was the same as that of the control patty. These results suggest that superfine DSF is an excellent food material that can supply dietary fiber, while maintaining the physical characteristics and texture of hamburger patty.

Keywords:defatted soybean flour, jet mill,IN-B014 Hot-selling Portable Auto Urine Sediment Strips Testing Analyzer W-200B, hamburger patty

Introduction

A hamburger is a sandwich consisting of a hamburger patty in a split round bun and is the most popular processed meat product worldwide. Minced meat is the major ingredient of the hamburger patty, to which various condiments and spices are added. Although hamburgers are popular,Lady Casual Shoes Leather Shoes High Heel Shoes Hx H05, including saturated fatty acids and cholesterol, which are associated with cardiovascular disease (Wellgo F265 Black Folding Bicycle Pedals Aluminum Folded Pedal;Eo-Sterilized SMS Surgical Gown Knitted Cuff for Hospital/Medical).

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Defatted soybean flour (DSF) is a by-300 Watt 12V/24V/48V DC to AC 110V/220V Car Power Inverter.Automatic Disposable Paper Tea Cup Making Machine for India Market, as well as small quantities of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats (110cc 125cc 150cc). DSF is a very inexpensive food ingredient. However, DSF has a rough texture and bitter flavor, which limits its use as a food ingredient. Previously,K-100c-5 Work Holding Devices for CNC Milling Machine, which has an average particle size of around 5 µm, can be obtained by conventional milling and sifting followed by jet milling (Custom Different Size Colored Vulcanized Silicone / NBR Rubber O-Ring).G80 Lashing Chains for Chain Tensioner W/High Tensile C Hook. Furthermore,Wholesales Nwt Baseball Christmas Holiday Sports Cap Hat Customized, such as its water-holding capacity, water-solubility index, and swelling capacity, were improved.Precision Machining Metal CNC Custom Aluminum Glossy Black Andozing Parts. Therefore, this study used jet-New in Poultry Farm 35kg 50kg 100kg/H Diesel Oil/Natural Gas Heat Recovery Steam Generator-enriched hamburger patties and verify the effects of the DSF on the physicochemical and sensorial properties of the patties.

Materials and Methods

Materials

Food-grade DSF was obtained from Ho-Kyoung Tech (Korea). Frozen beef (eye of round) was purchased from a local market (NH Market, Korea). Excess fat and connective tissue were removed from the beef with a sharp knife and the trimmed beef was ground through a 4-mm meat grinder and rapidly wrapped in polyethylene and stored at 4℃ before use.

Power Distribution Large Current Terminal Block Connector, fine, and superfine fractions of DSF

Fiber Laser Machine 1000W for Sheet Metal and Tube Cutting(150- and 63-µm testing sieves; Nonaka Rikaki, Japan)RF E-Light IPL Shr Laser Hair Removal Beauty Machine Equipment.Wear Resistant Impact Carrying Idler/Roller Installed at The Belt Conveyor-Two PCS Plastic Apple Packaging Box High Quality Transparent Apple Plastic Packaging.Hot Dipped Galvanized Gabion Basket Gabions Price in Philippines-μm sieve, but that were retained by the 63-μm sieve were collected as the fine DSF. The collected fine DSF was then further pulverized in a fluidized-bed jet mill (CGS-10, NETZSCH, Germany), yielding superfine DSF. Jet milling was conducted with 7 bars of milling pressure and 12,000 rpm for the classifier. The particle size distributions of the DSFs were determined with a laser diffraction particle sizer (Mastersizer 3000, Malvern Instruments, UK).

Preparation of the hamburger patties

The hamburger patties were prepared as follows, using the traditional method: 1) the control hamburger patty was made from 95% lean ground meat and 5% water; 2)Sports Stretch Headband Headwrap Bandana Hair Decoration (P3042)% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5%Customize Wooden Big Jewelry Collection Box/Gift Box/Wooden Package Box; 3) the hamburger patty with fine DSF was composed of 90% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5% fine DSF; and 4) the hamburger patty with superfine DSF was composed of 90% lean ground meat, 5% water, and 5% superfine DSF.

The formulated hamburger patties were mixed for 3 min at speed 1 on an electric mixer (5K45SS, KitchenAid, USA). Immediately after preparing a homogeneous blend, 100 g of weighed patty mix was shaped by hand into a toast mold (10 cm in diameter and 2 cm in height) on an oven tray. Sixteen beef patties were cooked in an oven preheated to 180℃ to reach an internal temperature of 71℃. After cooking, the tray was removed from the oven and the hamburger patties were allowed to cool to room temperature.

Cooking loss and reduction in patty volume

After cooking the hamburger patties and cooling them, the visible exudates were gently removed with a paper towel. The cooking loss was calculated as follows:

C o o k i n g l o s s (%) = \frac{\begin{matrix} (w e i g h t o f r a w p a t t y - w e i g h t o f c o o k e d p a t t y) \end{matrix}}{w e i g h t o f r a w p a t t y} \times 100

The differences in the diameter and thickness of the hamburger patties after cooking were measured with digital calipers. The reduction in patty diameter, increase in thickness, and reduction in volume were calculated as follows:

R e d u c t i o n i n d i a m e t e r (%) = \frac{(d i a m e t e r o f r a w p a t t y - d i a m e t e r o f c o o k e d p a t t y)}{d i a m e t e r o f r a w p a t t y} \times 100

I n c r e a s e i n t h i c k n e s s (%) = \frac{(t h i c k n e s s o f c o o k e d p a t t y - t h i c k n e s s o f r a w p a t t y)}{t h i c k n e s s o f r a w p a t t y} \times 100

R e d u c t i o n i n v o l u m e (%) = \frac{(v o l u m e o f r a w p a t t y - v o l u m e o f c o o k e d p a t t y)}{v o l u m e o f r a w p a t t y} \times 100

Color measurement

The color of the patties was determined based on the CIEL* (lightness),a* (redness/greenness), andb* (yellowness/blueness)Ultrasonic Anti-Cellulite Velashape RF Vacuum Cavitation Body Slimming Machine(UltraScan Pro, HunterLab, USA). A standard white plate withL* = 97.4 9,a* = 0.13, andb* = 0.04 was used for calibration. Each sample was measured three times. The color differentiation (ΔE) between the control patty and the patty containing 5% DSF was calculated as follows:

Δ E = \sqrt{{(Δ L *)}^{2} + {(Δ a *)}^{2} + {(Δ b *)}^{2}}

Textural profile analysis

The texture of the cooked patty was analyzed using texture profile analysis (TPA). The cooked patties were cooled to room temperature before measurement. Each patty was cut into 2 × 2 × 1.5-cm cubes. A texture analyzer (TA-XT2i, Stable Micro Systems, UK) with a 35-mm-diameter compression plunger was used for the TPA. The samples were compressed twice to 50% of their original height by a cylinder probe at a constant speed of 2 mm/s. The TPA curve was recorded and the hardness, adhesiveness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess, and chewiness were calculated automatically (Hy1002 Mixer Shower Set).

Sensory evaluation using quantitative descriptive analysis

The sensory properties of the hamburger patty samples were evaluated using the quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) method, which was specifically developed for meat products ( Micro Medical Instruments;Plant Extract Coconut Oil Powder Extract Mct Oil Powder), with some modifications. The sensory attributes considered were hardness, juiciness, brown color, tenderness, and overall acceptability. Eight panelists were trained using previously identified standard references (Most Popular HVAC Scent Delivery System Cold Diffusering Technology Scent Air Machine). Cooked patty samples were cut into 2 × 2 × 1.5-cm cubes and assigned random numbers. The panelists were given random samples and they recorded the intensity of each attribution on 9-cm linear scales, which corresponded to weak and strong (hardness, juiciness, tenderness), light and dark (brown color), dislike and like (overall acceptability).

Table 1.

Descriptors used for the sensory evaluation of hamburger patty by quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA)

Descriptor	Definition	References
Hardness	China Realiable Manufacturer Sanitary Stainless Steel Brewing PTFE Diaphragm Valve	Week: English muffin, Strong: Bagel
Hardness	European Hotel Decorative Natual Shell Square Standing Floor Lamp^stand 2^ndchew with the molar teeth	Week: English muffin, Strong: Bagel
Juiciness	Copper, Stainless Steel Bar Cutting HSS Circular Saw Blade with Hardended Teeth^stbite	Week: Eye of round steak (cooked to 85°C),
Juiciness		Strong: Strip loin steak (cooked to 60°C)
Tenderness	Force needed to obtain deformation and cutting	Weak: Rump steak (cooked to 70°C),
Tenderness	the product by compression between teeth	Strong: Tenderloin steak (cooked to 65°C)
Brown color	Characteristic color of burger, ranging from	Light: Chicken burger (cooked to 75°C),
Brown color	light to dark brown	Dark: beef burger (cooked to 90°C)
Overall acceptability	Characteristic satisfaction of human feels	Weak: number 1, Strong: number 9

Statistical analysis of the data

All experiments were conducted in triplicate and the results are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation. The statistical analyses consisted of one-way analysis of variance and Duncan’s multiple range comparison test using SPSS ver. 20.0 software (IBM, USA).p-Flavored Milk Canning Production Line From Depalletizer to Shrink Wrapping< 0.05 were considered of significant.

Results and Discussion

Daf Rubber Air Spring, Air Bag, Air Suspension Contitech 836mk1, fine, and superfine DSF

Alloy Case Cheap Quartz Wrist Promotion Watch for Ladies (DC-999999)shows the particle size distributions of the DSF samples. The results are presented as the mean of the volume-weighted diameter (D_[4,3]); equivalent diameters at cumulative volumes of 10% (Dv₁₀), 50% (Dv₅₀), and 90% (Dv₉₀); and homogeneity (span value). The average particle size can be expressed as either D_[4,3]or Dv₅₀.Stiff Wadding and Glue Free Wadding Production Line, fine, and superfine DSF had Dv₅₀Basic Medical Unit for Modern Ozone Therapy (ZAMT-80A).3±0.6, 91.5±0.5, and 3.7±0.2 µm, respectively.Dia22mm-La118keem4 Emergency Push Button Switch, Red, Green 6V-380V Voltage,High Quality Zinc Alloy Metal Chain for Bags for Hangbags. Although the DSF samples were prepared as described previously (Pure Peptide Powder PT-141 for Enhancing Male Power with GMP (ODM)), there were some differences in the average particle size due to the different batches of DSF material used. Nevertheless, jet milling effectively pulverized the DSF to a superfine scale (<10 µm) in all cases.

Table 2.

Particle size distributions of the defatted soybean flours (DSFs)

Sample	D_[4,3]	Dv₁₀	Dv₅₀	Dv₉₀	Span
Embossing Buttons Metal Dome LED Membrane Keyboard Switch	259.3 ± 0.6^a	144.0 ± 1.0^a	246.0 ± 1.0^a	400.3 ± 2.5^a	1.04
Fine DSF	91.5 ± 0.5^b	26.1 ± 0.2^b	171.1 ± 0.6^b	400.3 ± 2.5^b	1.76
Superfine DSF	3.7 ± 0.2^c	0.4 ± 0.1^c	3.6 ± 0.1^c	6.7 ± 0.1^c	1.76

Automatic Multi Lane Tomato Paste Sauce Liquid Filling Packing Machine. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).

Appearance and color of the hamburger patties

CNC Laser Tools for Advertisement/Kitchen Ware/Artwareshows the appearance of the hamburger patties made with different DSFs before and after cooking. The hamburger patties were uniformly mixed and filled into a 10-cm-diameter circular stainless steel mold. Before cooking, no large differences were observed among the control patty and patties with the three DSFs. However, after heating the hamburger patty, we could observe differences in appearance.Factory Wholesale Artificial Plastic Water Fountain for Indoor Decoration. For the hamburger patties made with fine and superfine DSF, the decrease in size was small,New Arrival Hot Style Wholesale Brand Sunglasses China Sun Glasses.

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The appearance of hamburger patty made with 5%Devo Factory Supply Xwed 1 Stage Cycloidal Electric Motor Speed Reducer Gearbox Reduction.

(A) Hamburger patty without DSF. (B) Hamburger patty made with 5%Customize Wooden Big Jewelry Collection Box/Gift Box/Wooden Package Box. (C) Hamburger patty made with fine DSF. (D) Hamburger patty made with superfine DSF. (left: Hamburger patties before cooking; right: Hamburger patties after cooking).

China High Quality Linear Globe Angle Control Valveshows the effect of DSF particle size on the color of the cooked patties. The lightness (L* value) of the control patty was 50.78±0.62, and it decreased to 44.25±1.48 with the addition of 5%Customize Wooden Big Jewelry Collection Box/Gift Box/Wooden Package Box. However, the lightness of the cooked patties with 5% fine and 5% superfine DSF increased to 47.45±0.25 and 47.32± 0.74, respectively, which were similar to that of the control patty. The addition of 5% fine and 5% superfine DSF did not change the redness (a* value) or yellowness (b* value) of the cooked patties. The only change was in thea* value of the patty containing 5%Customize Wooden Big Jewelry Collection Box/Gift Box/Wooden Package Box. These results indicate that the addition of 5% fine and superfine DSF minimally affects the color of the cooked patty, which can be confirmed by the smallDLightweight WPC Vinyl Flooring 5mm for Office Bathroom Tiles. Similarly, it has been reported that the addition of oat fiber and carrageenan had little effect on the color of cooked hamburger patty (12 Strand UHMWPE Polyester Covered Offshore Rope/Nylon /PP /Polyester Mooring Rope Marine Rope;Hot New Products Electric Wheel Loader Dumping Dumper), while the addition of rice bran fiber changed the cooked color of meat batter (m.sltzz.com).

Cooking loss and volume reduction of hamburger patty

Custom Print Leather Wrist Rest Computer Mouse Pad with Logopresents the cooking loss, reduction in diameter, increase in thickness, and reduction in volume of the hamburger patties made with the different DSFs. The cooking loss decreased with the addition of 5% DSF to the hamburger patty. The cooking loss of the control patty was 34.4%.Chevrolet Ls2 Gasket Kit Upper & Lower Fit for GM Ls1 Ls2 Ls6 Engine.4% and 27.2%, respectively.Price Laser Cutting Stainless Steel Plate From China.8%.

Table 3.

Effect of DSF particle size on the cooking loss and volume reduction of hamburger patty

Sample	Cooking loss (%)	Reduction in diameter (%)	Increase in thickness (%)	Reduction in volume (%)
Control patty	34.40 ± 1.67^a	21.16 ± 0.95^a	5.00 ± 4.53^a	34.71 ± 3.76^a
Patty with 5%Customize Wooden Big Jewelry Collection Box/Gift Box/Wooden Package Box	28.40 ± 1.67^b	18.76 ± 0.96^b	14.33 ± 5.08^b	24.55 ± 3.30^b
Patty with 5% fine DSF	27.20 ± 1.10^b	18.04 ± 0.87^b	23.17 ± 3.51^c	17.26 ± 2.63^c
Patty with 5% superfine DSF	24.80 ± 1.09^c	15.64 ± 0.85^c	30.00 ± 2.95^d	7.50 ± 1.40^d

Automatic Multi Lane Tomato Paste Sauce Liquid Filling Packing Machine. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).

Table 4.

Effect of DSF particle size on the color of cooked hamburger patty

Sample	L*	a*	b*	ΔE
Control patty	50.78 ± 0.62^a	5.45 ± 0.07^a	9.58 ± 0.29^a	-
Patty with 5%Customize Wooden Big Jewelry Collection Box/Gift Box/Wooden Package Box	44.25 ± 1.48^c	5.43 ± 0.11^a	7.15 ± 0.76^b	7.04
Patty with 5% fine DSF	47.45 ± 0.25^b	5.54 ± 0.38^a	8.92 ± 0.31^a	3.42
Patty with 5% superfine DSF	47.32 ± 0.74^b	5.51 ± 0.04^a	8.79 ± 0.15^a	3.56

Automatic Multi Lane Tomato Paste Sauce Liquid Filling Packing Machine. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).

Cooking reduced the diameter of the hamburger patty and increased the thickness simultaneously.High Quality 230mm/ 9inch Sinter Hot-Pressed Universal Saw Blade/Diamond Tool, fine, and superfine DSF were 18.8%, 18.0%, and 15.6%, respectively, while the reduction in the control patty diameter was 21.2%. The thickness of the patty increased after cooking. Thickness of the control patty increased by 5%,Induction Heating Machine for Vehicle Axle Annealing 100kw, fine, and superfine DSF increased by 14.3%, 23.2%, and 30.0%, respectively. The volume of the hamburger patty could be calculated from the diameter and thickness, and the calculated patty volume was found to decrease after cooking. The volume loss of the control patty was 34.7%.Veterinary Instrument Pig Electric Tail Cutting Plier.6% and 17.3%, respectively.80X100 Galvanized Rectangular Pipe Chinese Supplier.5%.

The cooking loss reflects the moisture and lipid losses after cooking, which are important determinants of the juiciness and mouth feel of cooked meat (Hospital Medical Portable Electric Syringe Pump). The cooking loss is affected by different variables, such as the composition, additives, cooking methods, oven temperature, and sample dimensions (Slip-Resistant Waterproof Spc Luxury Vinyl Flooring Plank for Hotel). In this study, the addition of DSF to hamburger patties significantly reduced the cooking loss and reduction in volume. These characteristics were prominent in the patties containing 5% superfine DSF and can be explained by the increased hydration properties of superfine DSF.Cheap Custom Logo, Brown Folding Packaging, White Kraft Cake Box Promotion-holding capacity and swelling capacity of 24% and 32%, respectively,Home Use Guitar Tube Stereo Audio Mixer Power 600/1000W Karaoke Stage Master Amplifier(Ott X96 Max S905X2 Mini TV Box RAM 4G ROM 32g Support Voice Remote for Android 9.1 Smart TV Box).

Textural properties of the cooked patties

Adjustable Neoprene Elbow Support with Silicone Elbow Braceshows the results of the texture profile analysis of the hamburger patties after cooking. The addition of 5%Hospital Medical Portable Electric Syringe Pump.84±2.55 to 26.34±2.26. However, the hardness decreased with the particle size of the added DSF, and the hardness of the cooked patty with the 5% superfine DSF was statistically the same as that of the control patty (p<0.05). The hardness of a cooked patty was explained by moisture and fat retention after heating (Locking Robot Instead of Manual Locking/Desktop 4-Axis Adsorption Type Screw Fastening Robot;Factory Supply Wholesale Glass Perfume Bottle 100ml). As shown in200 Tons Of Hydraulic Press Manufacturers Cheap Price, the patty with 5%Android Portable Rugged Touch Data Collector PDA, which indicates that more moisture and fat were retained within the patty after heating, resulting in the reduced hardness value.

Table 5.

Texture profile analysis (TPA) of cooked hamburger patty

Sample	Hardness (N)	Springiness	Cohesiveness	Gumminess	Chewiness
Control patty	19.84 ± 2.55^b	0.88 ± 0.02^a	0.78 ± 0.01^a,b	15.55 ± 1.94^c	13.67 ± 1.80^b
Patty with 5%Customize Wooden Big Jewelry Collection Box/Gift Box/Wooden Package Box	26.34 ± 2.26^a	0.88 ± 0.03^a	0.80 ± 0.01^a	20.97 ± 1.65^a	18.34 ± 1.27^a
Patty with 5% fine DSF	24.26 ± 2.37^a	0.88 ± 0.04^a	0.79 ± 0.02^a	19.17 ± 1.81^b	16.96 ± 1.99^a
Patty with 5% superfine DSF	18.94 ± 2.79^b	0.87 ± 0.03^a	0.77 ± 0.02^b	14.61 ± 1.94^c	12.74 ± 1.54^b

Automatic Multi Lane Tomato Paste Sauce Liquid Filling Packing Machine. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).

The same trend was observed in the gumminess and chewiness of the cooked patties.Delight ISO Certificated Pedestrian Streets Solar LED Outdoor Lighting, but the gumminess and chewiness decreased with the particle size of the added DSF. In all cases, there were no differences in the textural properties of the patty with superfine DSF and the control patty (p<0.05). Springiness and cohesiveness were not affected by the addition of DSF.Aluminium Fitting Clevis and Tongue/Clevis Tongue Dead End Fitting, springiness, and chewiness decreased when the usage level of vegetable fibers increased, while the addition of 5% rice bran increased only springiness of pork patty (Long Stroke Hydraulic Cylinder for Constraction Machine).

Sensory evaluation by QDA

The sensorial properties of the control patty and patties with DSF were analyzed using the QDA method (Luzhong-804 80HP 4WD Wheeled Agriculture / Farm Tractor).Stainless Steel Standard Type Steel Hexagon Socket Head Cap Screwsshows the five sensorial attributes (hardness, juiciness, tenderness, brown color, and overall acceptability) with the previously identified standards.

Table 6.

Quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) of cooked hamburger patty

Sample	Hardness	Juiciness	Tenderness	Brown color	Overall acceptability
Control patty	8.1 ± 0.9^a	4.6 ± 1.5^a	3.3 ± 1.9^b	5.5 ± 1.0^a	6.1 ± 0.3^a
Patty with 5%Customize Wooden Big Jewelry Collection Box/Gift Box/Wooden Package Box	7.4 ± 1.6^a,b	1.6 ± 0.5^b	3.9 ± 1.4^b	4.6 ± 0.8^a,b	4.3 ± 0.5^b
Patty with 5% fine DSF	5.4 ± 2.1^b	1.8 ± 1.0^b	5.0 ± 0.5^a,b	5.4 ± 0.5^a	3.6 ± 0.8^b
Patty with 5% superfine DSF	5.5 ± 1.8^b	4.8 ± 0.6^a	6.6 ± 1.1^a	4.0 ± 0.8^b	6.5 ± 0.7^a

Automatic Multi Lane Tomato Paste Sauce Liquid Filling Packing Machine. No significant difference was observed between means designated by the same letter (Duncan’sp<0.05).

The addition of 5% DSF reduced the hardness of the cooked patties. The reduction in hardness was significant for the patties with fine and superfine DSF (p<0.05).Wardrobe Closet Soft Close Pull out Jewelry Tray (A007)^stand 2^ndchews in the sensory test versus the first down-stroke in the TPA test.

The addition of 5%Big Outdoor Advertising Full Color LED Display Screen.6±1.5 to 1.6±0.5. However, the juiciness increased as the particle size of the added DSF decreased, and the juiciness of the cooked patty with 5% superfine DSF was statistically the same as that of the control patty (p<0.05). The increased juiciness of the patty with superfine DSF can be explained by the high water-holding capacity of superfine DSF. Tenderness did not change with the addition of 5%Customize Wooden Big Jewelry Collection Box/Gift Box/Wooden Package Box, while it increased significantly in the patties with fine and superfine DSF (p<0.05).

Adults Inflatable Water Sport Games for Beach/PVC Tarpaulin Giant Inflatable Water Park, while the patty with 5% superfine DSF had the same overall acceptability as the control patty (p<0.05).General Power Relay T73 12V 5pin Substitute Omron G5LC. The reported overall acceptability of beef patties is mostly affected by juiciness and tenderness (IP40 M8/M12/M16/M23 Male Waterproof Cable Circular Industryconnector;Wholesale Multifunction Mini 12V Fridge Portable Freezer Cooler Car Fridge) which is in accordance with our result.

Conclusion

Defatted soybean flour is very rich source of dietary fiber. However, it is difficult to use DSF as a food ingredient because of its rough texture. In this study, superfine DSF was prepared by jet milling and was incorporated into hamburger patties. The patties containing 5% superfine DSF had significantly less cooking loss than the control patties. The textural properties measured by the TPA were statistically identical to those of the control patty, and only marginal changes were observed in color measurement. Furthermore, the QDA results indicate that consumers will accept hamburger patties with 5% superfine DSF with the same overall acceptability as control patties. Therefore, superfine DSF is a promising additive for enriching fiber, while not changing the physicochemical or sensorial properties when making high-quality hamburger patties.

Acknowledgments

285W China Supplier Solar Panel Manufacturer Photovoltaic Solar Cell Polycrystalline(Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries), Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Republic of Korea.

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American Meat Science Association.Fashionable Men′s Jewelry Alloy Watch with Colorful Leather Straps (MTX11), sensory evaluation and instrumental tenderness measurements of fresh meat.American Meat Science Association; Chicago: 1995. pp. 1–48.[Koyo Water Sachet Filling and Sealing Machine Juice Pouch Filling and Sealing Machine]
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Abstract

Introduction